climate change causes and effects

7/28/2019 Climate Change Causes and Effects

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What is Climate Change?

Climate change is any change in climateover time whether due to natural processes or asa result of human activity.

A change of climate which is attributeddirectly or indirectly to human activity thatalters the composition of the global atmosphereand which is, in addition to natural climate

variability, observed over comparable timeperiods (United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Change).


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The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panelon Climate Change (IPCC, 4AR 2007) concludes that climate

change is already occurring and that further acceleration will resultto a two (2) degree increase in global temperature and of extremeweather conditions.

Climate Change is caused by the increasing volume ofGreenhouse Gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gasesare gases that absorbs and re-emit infrared radiation, warming theearths surface and contributing to climate change (UNEP 1988).These gases are water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrousoxide, ozone, hydrofluorocarbon, perfluorocarbon and sulfurhexafluoride. When these gases increase in volume more solar heatwill be trapped resulting to a warmer atmospheric condition. Thisphenomenon is known as Greenhouseeffect. Global warming isthe increase in the average temperature of the Earths near-surfaceair and oceans that is associated with the increased concentrationof greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.


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How does it occur?

The Fourth Assessment Report of the IntergovernmentalPanel on Climate Change (IPCC, 4AR 2007) concludes thatclimate change is already occurring and that further accelerationwill result to a two (2) degree increase in global temperature andof extreme weather conditions.

Climate Change is caused by the increasing volume ofGreenhouse Gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gasesare gases that absorbs and re-emit infrared radiation, warming theearths surface and contributing to climate change (UNEP 1988).These gases are water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrousoxide, ozone, hydrofluorocarbon, perfluorocarbon and sulfur

hexafluoride. When these gases increase in volume more solarheat will be trapped resulting to a warmer atmospheric condition.This phenomenon is known as Greenhouse effect. Globalwarming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earthsnear-surface air and oceans that is associated with the increasedconcentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.


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Man is responsible for the accelerated warming of the Earth.Before the advent of man, climate changes were naturally caused.Many greenhouse gases occur naturally like methane, carbon

dioxide, nitrous oxide, ozone and even water vapor. Othergreenhouse gases like hydrofluorocarbons (HCF),perfluorocarbon (PCF), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) whichabsorb and hold greater heat are man-made. These are producedthrough industrial processes. However, human activities also add

to the increase of the naturally occurring greenhouse gases in theatmosphere. The burning of wood and wood products, and theproduction and use of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gasrelease carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide into the

atmosphere. The rapid growth of human population increasesconsumption ofearths resources, threatening the earths carryingcapacity to support life. It also increases the amount ofdecomposing organic wastes that releases carbon and methaneinto the air. Massive deforestation, mining and other forms of

land conversion make the situation worse.


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What are the effects of Climate

Change or Global Warming?

The warming of the Earthsatmosphere results to the meltingof snow covers and glaciers, therise of sea level, shorter winters,

early spring, hotter summers anddelayed coming of autumns, alteredforest productivity andcomposition, habitat shifts of someanimals, changes in the behavior

patterns of flora and fauna, spreadof diseases, stronger and morefrequent typhoons, more floods,severe droughts, stronger heatwaves and heavier rains and more.


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These changes in the environment as a result ofClimate Change have already made their impact onhuman population in a global scale. Socio-economicproblems and difficulties will be amplified

compounding the already heavy burden of the poorsectors. Agriculture become less or non-productive dueto droughts and flooding. Mounting social pressure onthe damaging effects of Climate Change will influencepolitical priorities and direction.

The Philippines is ranked 4th in the Global

Climate Risk Index. Being archipelagic, fifteen (15) ofits regions are vulnerable to sea level rise. A meter risein sea level will affect 64 out of 81 provinces in thePhilippines; sea water would cover at least 703 of 1610towns and close to 700 million square meters of landand could displace at least 1.5 million Filipinos. The

country is in the path of typhoons which in recentyears have become stronger and more destructive andfrequent. The Philippines is also located in anearthquake prone region, Under these circumstances,life, properties, food, health and livelihood arethreatened severely affecting the most vulnerable

sector of Philippine society-the poor.


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Zero Waste Management

Is an ecological method of handling wastes that does notdegrade the environment nor pollute air, water, soil and

facilitate their sanitary retrieval, reuse or recycling.

Zero waste management is one of the most friendly,economical tool of contributing ecological welfare for

human beings and the community.

Modern waste reduction is consist of three (3) componentssuch as:

Reuse- means re-utilization of materials for particularpurpose.

Reduce- is the process of lessening the fresh rawmaterials that affects air, water and land pollutionthrough proper waste disposal.


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Recycling- involves processing used, unwantedmaterials (waste) into new products to prevent wastepotentially useful materials.

It involves processing used, unwanted materials(waste) into new products to prevent waste ofpotentially useful materials, reduce the consumption of

fresh raw materials, reduce energy usage, reduce airpollution (from incineration) and water pollution(from land filling) by reducing the need forconventional waste disposal, and lower

greenhouse gas emissions as compared to virginproduction. Recycling is a key component of modernwaste reduction and is the third component of theReduce, Reuse, Recyclewaste hierarchy


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Our Current Linear Wasting System

A costly one-way street


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Our current production systems are linear, designed as if thereare no limits to our natural resources. Products are born ofenvironmentally-destructive activities such as clearcutting, stripmining and drilling, which result in soil erosion, habitat loss, andsevere air, soil, and water contamination. We as taxpayersunwittingly encourage this wasteful and polluting behaviorthrough governmental subsidies at three different stages: (1) When

resources are extracted to make the product, financial incentivesand tax breaks are given to industries that extract virgin resources.(2) When toxins enter our air and water supplies during themanufacturing process, the taxpayer helps pay to clean up thesemesses through programs such as the federal Superfund program.(3) At the end of the products lives, taxpayers pay again for thecleanup of toxins, which leak into the groundwater from landfillsand billow into the air from incinerators.


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Rather than looking at our production systems asone way and linear, we can redesign them to becyclical, as in nature, where there is no such thing aswaste and materials are kept in the production cycle.Zero Waste is emerging as a paradigm shift, a new,comprehensive socio-technical system that addressesour resource use from product design to disposal.

IMPORTANCE:

Does not pollute air, water and soil. Facilitates sanitary retrieved, reuse or recycling. Contributes reduction of waste. Economic source of funds through total utilization offeeds, fuel materials and fertilizers. Helps sustain good and friendly environment..

climate change causes and effects

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