1 climate change. 2contents1.climate 2.what is climate change? 3.causes of climate change 4.effects...

34
1 Climate

Upload: briana-webster

Post on 16-Dec-2015

259 views

Category:

Documents


23 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

11

Climate Change

Page 2: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

22

ContentsContents1.Climate1.Climate

2.What is climate change?2.What is climate change?

3.Causes of climate change 3.Causes of climate change

4.Effects of climate change4.Effects of climate change

5.Facts on climate change5.Facts on climate change

6.How to control climate change?6.How to control climate change?

7.conclusion7.conclusion

Page 3: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

33

ClimateClimate Weather conditions observed over a long period Weather conditions observed over a long period

of time for a given area. of time for a given area. There can be variations in climate from year to There can be variations in climate from year to

year, or one decade to another, one century to year, or one decade to another, one century to another, or any longer time scale. another, or any longer time scale.

Page 4: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

44

What What is is climateclimate changechange ??? ???

1. Climate change1. Climate change is a long-term change in is a long-term change in the statistical distribution of the statistical distribution of weather patterns over patterns over periods ranging from decades ranging from decades to millions of years.to millions of years.

2. It may be a change in average weather 2. It may be a change in average weather conditions or the distribution of events conditions or the distribution of events around that average (e.g., more or fewer around that average (e.g., more or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change extreme weather events). Climate change may be limited to a specific may be limited to a specific region or may or may occur across the whole occur across the whole Earth. .

Page 5: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

55

Causes of climate Causes of climate changechange

1. 1. Forcing Mechanism-It is the process which Forcing Mechanism-It is the process which causes the changes in climatic condition of a causes the changes in climatic condition of a place or a region .Forcing mechanisms are of place or a region .Forcing mechanisms are of two types-two types-

a) Internala) Internal

b)Externalb)External

2. Green House Effect2. Green House Effect

Page 6: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

66

Internal forcing Internal forcing mechanismsmechanisms

Natural changes in the components Natural changes in the components of earth's climate system and their of earth's climate system and their interactions are the cause of internal interactions are the cause of internal climate variability, or "internal climate variability, or "internal forcing”. For e.g. ocean variability.forcing”. For e.g. ocean variability.

Page 7: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

77

ExternalExternal forcingforcing mechanismsmechanisms

Climatic changes due to external forces Climatic changes due to external forces such as human activities is known as such as human activities is known as external forcing mechanisms. external forcing mechanisms.

For e.g. increase in CO2 levels due to For e.g. increase in CO2 levels due to emissions from emissions from fossil fuel combustion, combustion, followed by followed by aerosols (particulate matter in (particulate matter in the atmosphere) and the atmosphere) and cement manufacture manufacture. .

Page 8: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

88

Greenhouse effect The The greenhouse effectgreenhouse effect is a process by which is a process by which

thermal radiation from a planetary surface is thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions. is re-radiated in all directions.

Page 9: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

99

EffectsEffects ofof climateclimate changechange

1.1. Melting of GlacierMelting of Glacier

2.2. Rise in Global temperature (Global warming)Rise in Global temperature (Global warming)

3.3. Change in landmarks (Continents)Change in landmarks (Continents)

4.4. On BiodiversityOn Biodiversity

5.5. Change in Human beingsChange in Human beings

6.6. Shifting of sea level Shifting of sea level

Page 10: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

1010

Glacier melting

Page 11: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

1111

The causes of glacier The causes of glacier meltingmelting

1.Global Warming 1.Global Warming

2.Pollution2.Pollution

3.Industrial revolution3.Industrial revolution

4.Burning of fossil fuels, coal and oil4.Burning of fossil fuels, coal and oil

5.Deforestation5.Deforestation

Page 12: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

1212

Global warmingGlobal warming

1.Global warming1.Global warming is the continuing is the continuing rise in the average temperature of rise in the average temperature of Earth's oceans and atmosphere.Earth's oceans and atmosphere.

2. Global warming is caused by human 2. Global warming is caused by human activities, especially those that increase activities, especially those that increase concentrations of greenhouse gases in concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as deforestation the atmosphere, such as deforestation and burning of fossil fuels.and burning of fossil fuels.

Page 13: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

1313

Page 14: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

1414

Effects of climate Effects of climate change on continentschange on continents

North AmericaNorth America:: Decreasing snow pack in Decreasing snow pack in the western mountains; 5-20 percent increase in the western mountains; 5-20 percent increase in yields of rain-fed agriculture in some regions; yields of rain-fed agriculture in some regions; increased frequency, intensity and duration of increased frequency, intensity and duration of heat waves in cities.heat waves in cities.

Page 15: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

1515

South AmericaSouth America::

Gradual replacement of Gradual replacement of tropical forest by tropical forest by savannah in eastern savannah in eastern Amazonia; risk of Amazonia; risk of significant biodiversity significant biodiversity loss through species loss through species extinction in many extinction in many tropical areas; tropical areas; significant changes in significant changes in water availability for water availability for human consumption, human consumption, agriculture and energy agriculture and energy generation. generation.

Page 16: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

1616

EuropeEurope More frequent coastal flooding and increased More frequent coastal flooding and increased erosion from storms and sea level rise; glacial erosion from storms and sea level rise; glacial retreat in mountainous areas; reduced snow retreat in mountainous areas; reduced snow cover; extensive species losses; reductions of cover; extensive species losses; reductions of crop productivity in southern Europe.crop productivity in southern Europe.

Page 17: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

1717

AfricaAfrica:: By 2020, between 75 and 250 million people are By 2020, between 75 and 250 million people are

projected to be exposed to increased water stress; projected to be exposed to increased water stress; yields from rain-fed agriculture could be reduced yields from rain-fed agriculture could be reduced

by up to 50 percent in some regions.by up to 50 percent in some regions.

Page 18: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

1818

AsiaAsia:: Freshwater availability projected to Freshwater availability projected to decrease in Central, South, East and Southeast decrease in Central, South, East and Southeast Asia by the 2050s; coastal areas will be at risk Asia by the 2050s; coastal areas will be at risk due to increased flooding; death rate from due to increased flooding; death rate from disease associated with floods and droughts disease associated with floods and droughts expected to rise in some regions.expected to rise in some regions.

Page 19: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

1919

Climate Change Effects Climate Change Effects on Biodiversityon Biodiversity

Page 20: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

2020

Effect of climate change Effect of climate change on human beingson human beings

Economic losses,Economic losses, Loss of life Loss of life Well being or health. Well being or health. Negative impacts in social & political areas Negative impacts in social & political areas

Page 21: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

2121

FactsFacts aboutabout climateclimate changechange

The atmospheric concentration of COThe atmospheric concentration of CO22 has has increased by more than 30%, trapping increased by more than 30%, trapping more heat in the lower atmosphere causing more heat in the lower atmosphere causing risks to health.risks to health.

Page 22: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

Weather extremes Weather extremes – –

heavy rains, heavy rains,

floods, floods,

Disasters Disasters

Hurricane KatrinaHurricane Katrina

2222

Page 23: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

2323

Intense short-term fluctuations in temperature Intense short-term fluctuations in temperature can also seriously affect health – causing can also seriously affect health – causing heat stress (hyperthermia) or extreme cold heat stress (hyperthermia) or extreme cold (hypothermia)(hypothermia)

..

Page 24: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

2424

Page 25: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

2525

Rising sea levelsRising sea levels

Page 26: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

2626

More variable rainfall patterns More variable rainfall patterns

Page 27: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

2727

Reduced crop yields in many Reduced crop yields in many tropical developing regions, tropical developing regions,

where food security is already a where food security is already a problemproblem

. .

Page 28: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

2828

How to control How to control climate change ?climate change ?

Start afforestation and stop deforestation.Start afforestation and stop deforestation. Stop using products which releases CFC to Stop using products which releases CFC to

stop global warming and ozone depletion.stop global warming and ozone depletion. Use CNG instead of petrol and diesel.Use CNG instead of petrol and diesel. Use CNG instead of burning coal, wood Use CNG instead of burning coal, wood

and fossil fuels.and fossil fuels. Start cycling or walking to short distances.Start cycling or walking to short distances. Use carpool or common transport system.Use carpool or common transport system.

Page 29: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

2929

Recycle your organic waste .Recycle your organic waste . Choose products that come with little Choose products that come with little

packaging and buy refills . Re-use paper! packaging and buy refills . Re-use paper! When the time comes to change your car When the time comes to change your car

battery, recycle your old one.battery, recycle your old one.

Stop using plastic bags instead use cloth or Stop using plastic bags instead use cloth or paper bags.paper bags.

Encourage to use electricity generated Encourage to use electricity generated from windmill and solar energy.from windmill and solar energy.

Follow three ‘R’ principle-ReduceFollow three ‘R’ principle-Reduce ReuseReuse

RecycleRecycle

Page 30: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

3030

Do’s And Dont’sDo’s And Dont’s

Page 31: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

3131

Page 32: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

3232

ConclusionConclusion We have seen the ill effects of climate We have seen the ill effects of climate

changes on human beings, plants , changes on human beings, plants , animals and on our Mother Earth. animals and on our Mother Earth. Therefore, we must take an oath Therefore, we must take an oath today to take all precautionary today to take all precautionary measures in all respect to protect our measures in all respect to protect our Mother Earth .Mother Earth .

Page 33: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

3333

Made by :- Jyotsnamayee RamMade by :- Jyotsnamayee Ram

STD-IX DIV-B STD-IX DIV-B

D.A.V PUBLIC SCHOOL, NEWPANVELD.A.V PUBLIC SCHOOL, NEWPANVEL

Page 34: 1 Climate Change. 2Contents1.Climate 2.What is climate change? 3.Causes of climate change 4.Effects of climate change 5.Facts on climate change 6.How

COURTESYCOURTESY

WikipediaWikipedia

GoogleGoogle

YahooYahoo

3434