Clean air for London: ClearfLo

David Green, King’s College London

Contents

Project overview• Consortium, aims and methodology

Infrastructure and instrumentation• Monitoring sites, instrumentation, IOPs

Science programme• Analysis aims

2

ClearfLo Consortium

NERC Environment and Health Programme

2010 - 2013

Coordinated by National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS)

University of Reading

University of York

University of Leeds

University of Salford

CEH Edinburgh

University of East Anglia

University of Leicester

University of Manchester

King’s College London

University of Birmingham

University of Hertfordshire

3

ClearfLo Aims1.Establish an infrastructure to measure meteorology, gaseous composition and particulate

2.Develop a climatology of London’s urban atmosphere

3.Determine the meteorological processes that control the heat content, mixing properties and depth of London’s urban boundary layer

4.Determine the chemical processes that control the loading of O3 and NO2 in London

5.Determine the chemical and physical processes that control the size and number distribution of particulate matter

6.Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a current air quality model

Leading to a greater understanding of and ability to predict key health drivers - PM, NOX, O3, temperature

4

ClearfLo Methodology

5

Infrastructure programme

6

London Sites

7

Improving infrastructure

Creating more room in existing monitoring stations

North Kensington

Marylebone Road

8

Improving measurement capabilities

Adding pollution measurements to established weather stations

Adding pollution and / or meteorological sensors at:

1. Rural sites

2. High level

3. Established sites

9

Particulate MatterWider PM size range

• 10 nm – 10+ µm

Urban and kerbside increments

Different heights

East to west transect

Q-AMS at Marylebone Road (approx 12 months)

Additional PM samplers at all sites• Provide samples for toxicity and further chemical analysis

10

D. Beddows et al. 2010 An Enhanced Procedure For The Merging Of Atmospheric Particle Size Distribution Data Measured Using Electrical Mobility And Time-of-flight Analysers (In review)

GaseousBT Tower

• High sensitivity (10-15 pptv), fast response (1 Hz) NO and NO2

• High sensitivity (3 ppbv), fast response (1 Hz) CO• Give both fluxes and concentrations• O3, CO2 and H20 also measured

High sensitivity CO (10 ppbv) at North Kensington

11

Meteorological measurementsCeilometers at NK, MR, KCL and Detling

• Boundary layer height, cloud height and aerosol backscatter profiles

Eddy correlation (EC) masts at NK, BT, KCL and Chilbolton• Turbulence, radiation, energy balance fluxes and standard meteorological variables

Large Aperture Scintilometry (LAS) at NK and KCL • Turbulent heat fluxes

12

13

Intensive Observation PeriodsSummer and winter (5 weeks each) in 2011/2012

• Background site in London (location TBC)• Coincide with EMEP Intensives?

Vertical structure of urban boundary layer• Doppler lidar, MAX-DOAS

Diurnal evolution of boundary layer over urban surface• Comparing Doppler lidars at Chilbolton and Lodnon

Measure biogenic species• Dual channel gas chromatograph

Measure radical species• Laser Induced Fluorescence

Physical and compositional properties of PM• TOF-AMS, ATOFMS, HTDMA, PASS-3

14

Science programme

Seasonal variations in boundary layer, gaseous concs, PM concs and increments, modelled met and modelled concs

Urban boundary layer processes• Night-time processes, sea breezes

Composition processes• Oxidative budget, long range transport, night time processes,

satellite vs. street obs, changes in emissions

Particles and Health Processes• Spatial variation, sub-micron aerosol chemical composition

Air Quality modelling & Integration• Synthesis of long term modelled and measured data

15

ClearfLo Consortium

NERC Environment and Health Programme

2010 - 2013

Coordinated by National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS)

University of Reading

University of York

University of Leeds

University of Salford

CEH Edinburgh

University of East Anglia

University of Leicester

University of Manchester

King’s College London

University of Birmingham

University of Hertfordshire

16