classifying chemical reactions. synthesis reaction two or more reactants form a single product...
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Classifying Chemical Reactions
Synthesis ReactionTwo or more reactants form a single product
Example:A + B AB2 Fe + 3 Cl2 2FeCl3
Combustion ReactionOxygen combines with a substance and releases energy in the form of heat and light (water is a product)
Examples:2 H2 + O2 2 H2OCH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2 H2OAll reactions where a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen will always form carbon dioxide and water as products
Decomposition ReactionSingle compound breaks down into two or more elements or compoundsExample:
AB A + BNH4NO3 N2O + 2 H2O
Single Replacement ReactionA reaction in which the atoms of one element replace the atoms of another element in a compound
Example:A + BX AX + B2 Li + 2 H2O 2 LiOH + H2
Metathesis (Double Replacement) ReactionExchange of ions between two compounds
Example:AX + BY AY + BXCa(OH)2 + 2 HCl CaCl2 + 2 H2O
Predicting Products of Chemical ReactionsClass of Reaction Reactants Products
Synthesis Two or more substances
One compound
Combustion A metal and oxygenA nonmetal and oxygenA compound and oxygen
The oxide of the metalThe oxide of the nonmetalTwo or more oxides(water is usually a product of all of these)
Decomposition One compound Two or more elements and/or compounds
Single-Replacement A metal and a compound
A nonmetal and a compound
A new compound and the replaced metalA new compound and the replaced nonmetal
Double-Replacement (Metathesis)
Two compounds Two different compounds, one of which is often a solid, water or a gas
Practice ProblemHow would you classify the following
chemical reaction?2 C4H10 + 13 O2 8 CO2 + 10 H2O
Answer: Combustion
Practice ProblemHow would you classify the following
reaction?Al + I2 AlI3
Answer: Synthesis
Practice ProblemHow would you classify the following reaction
AgNO3 + Na2S Ag2S + NaNO3
Answer: Metathesis (Double Replacement)
Practice ProblemPredict the products to the following
reaction.2 K + ZnCl2
Answer: Single Replacement2 KCl + Zn
Predict the products to the following chemical reaction.
2 NaN3
Answer:Decomposition3 N2 + 2 Na