Classification Of Aircrafts

Aircraft

• An aircraft is a vehicle which is able to fly by being supported by the air, or in general, the atmosphere of a planet. An aircraft counters the force of gravity by using either static lift or by using the dynamic lift of an airfoil, or in a few cases the downward thrust from jet engines.

Classification of AircraftAircraft

Lighter-than-air

Airships

Free balloons

Captive balloons

Heavier-than air

Power-driven

Airplane

Land

plane

Seaplane

Amphibian

Rotorcraft

Helicopter

Gyroplane

Cyclogyro

Ornithopter

Non-power-driven

Gliders

Sailplanes

Kites

Man-power-driven

HistoryThe history of aircraft development divides broadly into five eras: Pioneers Of Flight First World War Golden Age Second World War Jet Age

Leonardo Da Vinci

Birth name: Leonardo di Ser Piero Born :April 15, 1452(1452-04-15)Vinci, Florence, in present-day Italy Died :May 2, 1519 (aged 67)Amboise, Touraine (in present-day Indre-et-Loire, France) Nationality : Italian Field : Many and diverse fields of arts and sciences Movement High Renaissance Works : Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, The Vitruvian Man

Methods Of Lift

Heavier than air – aerodynes

LIGHTER THAN AIR

Buoyancy is an upward acting force, caused by fluid pressure, that reduces an object's weight. If the object is either less dense than the liquid or is shaped appropriately (as in a boat), the force can keep the object afloat. In a situation of fluid statics, the net upward buoyancy force is equal to the magnitude of the weight of fluid displaced by the body.This is the force that enables the object to float.

Aerostats use buoyancy to float in the air in much the same way that ships float on the water. They are characterized by one or more large gasbags or canopies, filled with a relatively low density gas such as helium, hydrogen or hot air, which is less dense than the surrounding air. When the weight of this is added to the weight of the aircraft structure, it adds up to the same weight as the air that the craft displaces.

Images of Aerostats

Dirigibles A powered, steerable aerostat is called a dirigible. Sometimes

this term is applied only to non-rigid balloons, and sometimes dirigible balloon is regarded as the definition of an airship (which may then be rigid or non-rigid). Non-rigid dirigibles are characterized by a moderately aerodynamic gasbag with stabilizing fins at the back. These soon became known as blimps. During the Second World War, this shape was widely adopted for tethered balloons; in windy weather, this both reduces the strain on the tether and stabilizes the balloon. The nickname blimp was adopted along with the shape. In modern times any small dirigible or airship is called a blimp, though a blimp may be unpowered as well as powered.

An Airship Powered by the Sun In an effort to develop long distance electric powered aircraft, Solar Flight has considered all types of flying machines. History shows us that airships were the first type of aircraft capable of safely flying long distances with limited power plants. Therefore, we have chosen a lighter than air configuration for a very long range aircraft.Unlike blimps which rely on internal pressure to maintain their shape, our design is a rigid airship, of the Zeppelin class. With this machine Solar Flight plans to circumnavigate the globe using only solar energy. The Sunship is designed to be as small as possible, but large enough to cross the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. It is designed to carry 3 people at lower altitudes, 2 people to medium altitudes, and one person at high altitudes. The Sunship should be able to break the current altitude record for airships of 24,000 ft.

Balloons

• Balloons drift with the wind, though normally the pilot can control the altitude, either by heating the air or by releasing ballast, giving some directional control (since the wind direction changes with altitude). A wing-shaped hybrid balloon can glide directionally when rising or falling; but a spherically shaped balloon does not have such directional control.

Kites• Kites are aircraft that are tethered to the ground or other object

(fixed or mobile) that maintains tension in the tether or kite line; they rely on virtual or real wind blowing over and under them to generate lift and drag. Kytoons are balloon kites that are shaped and tethered to obtain kiting deflections, and can be lighter-than-air, neutrally buoyant, or heavier-than air.

(Aeronautical engineering)

PRESENTED BY

SURYAPAVANI KODALI