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SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCE

UNIVERSITY OF ONTARIO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ENGR 3200U ENGINEERING GRAPHICS & DESIGN

LABORATORY MANUAL # 1

FROM 2D SKETCHES TO 3D MODELS

PROFESSOR REMON POP-ILIEVMISTER MATTHEW CHAN

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LABORATORY 1: FROM 2D SKETCHES TO 3D OBJECTS

In this first exercise, you will learn to how to do the following:

- How to start a new file selecting proper units- Create sketches 2D using:

- Rectangles- Arcs- Circles- Lines

- Create a 3D object from sketches- Use the EXTRUDE function- Use the FILLET function- Use the CHAMFER function- Use the SWEEP function- Use the addition and subtraction Boolean operations- Create inferred dimensions- Import an object into drafting format- Begin to create proper engineering drawings- Present the object in 4 different views (Top, Front, Right, Isometric)

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LABORATORY 1: FROM 2D SKETCHES TO 3D OBJECTS

STEP 1: Open up Unigraphics by clicking on the menu, hover the mouse over

All Programs located in that window, hover the mouse over UGS NX 4.0,

and click on NX 4.0.

STEP 2: Click on , create a name for the Unigraphics file that will be produced.

On the bottom left corner of this window select the units to be in millimetersand select OK.

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STEP 3: On the top right of the window

below File is a button,

click on it and select Modeling.

STEP 4: Click on the big Sketch button ( ) located on the top left. You will beable to choose which axis to create the sketch in.

(The default plane that Unigraphics selects for the user is the XY-plane. The buttons

from left to right are: Sketch in Place, sketch plane, XY-plane, YZ-plane, XZ-plane,Datum Plane and Datum CSYS. The Datum Plane allows users to create their own

planes from points, lines and even surfaces of objects.)

Click the check mark, and then click on Rectangle which will then openup the rectangle menu.

(The Rectangle Menu allows 3 specific ways in which the user can create a rectangle.The first option is by 2 points which refer to the corners of the rectangles. The second

option is to create the rectangle by 3 points which refer to 3 of the 4 corners of the

rectangle. The third option is to Create from Centre which allows the user to specifywhere it would like the centre of the rectangle to be and then adjust the length and width

of the rectangle around the single center point.)

Select Create from Centre . Create a square 24mm x 24mm having the

center of the square around (0, 0).

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STEP 5: Click on Arcs . This will open up the arcs menu which allows you to

create either Arcs by 3 points or Arcs by Centre and Endpoints.

(The Arcs button allows creating 2 different types of arcs: Arcs by 3 points and Arcs byCentre and Endpoints. The Arcs by 3 points will allow you to select the 2 endpoints of

the arc and then manually define the radius of the arc. The Arc by Centre and Endpoint

allows you to specify a centre point and a single endpoint with a specific radius, and then

you select the size of the angle which is required.)

Once that is all done, click on the button to exit the sketch mode.

(Note that if you have exited sketch mode, you can always get back into it by double-clicking the sketch you have just created. This way, you can edit or delete lines, curves,

etc. from that particular sketch by selecting them one by one.)

STEP 6: To make a solid from the sketch created, select the EXTRUDE button.Click on the sketch so that Unigraphics knows what you would like to

Once the arc is created, delete the line of thesquare that is in between the arc and the

remainder of the square, as depicted in the

picture on the left.

Create an arc using Arcs by Center and Endpointsand make the center of the arc on one of the sides of

the square having a radius of 12mm so that it looks

something similar to the picture on the right.

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extrude, and set the end value as 5mm. Then press Apply and close theextrusion menu window.

STEP 7: Now we will create a new sketch andextrude that on top of the base. Click

on the sketch again, this time select Datum

Plane and select the flat face of theobject and select OK.

STEP 8: Create a rectangle on the non-curved side of the object 5mm x 24mm rightalong the edge and up to both corners. Then select Finish Sketch.

STEP 9: Click EXTRUDE and then click on the sketch. Extrude the sketch 19mm

upward, clickApply and close the extrusion window.

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STEP 10: Click on the UNITE button , then click the upright protrusion of theobject, and then click on the base of the object and select Apply. This will

combine both objects into 1 object. Close the Unite window.

(The Boolean operations include UNITE, SUBTRACT, INTERSECT, and ASSEMBLYCUT. Each Boolean operation requires the same procedure of selecting which two

objects require Boolean operations. These other Boolean operations can be accessed by

clicking on the arrow pointing down beside the Unite button.)

STEP 11: Now we will use the SWEEP function. The sweep function requires adrawing and a path which the drawing will follow. So before we sweep, we

will create the two drawings. First create a datum plane on the top of theprotrusion and create a rectangle 12mm x 5mm. Then select Finish Sketch.

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STEP 12: Next we need to create a path for the sketch to follow so we will need tocreate a datum plane. Click on Sketch, select the default plane that is

parallel to the protrusion. Once that plane is created click finish sketch.

(The purpose of going to Sketch and then Finishing Sketch is to create a plane so that

other datum planes can be created from it.)

To create the required plane

needed to make the path,

another datum plane must

be created. Click on Sketchand select Datum Plane,

then click on the plane that

was just created and offsetit by 2.5mm.

STEP 13: Now that we have our new plane, we can create a path for our sketch. Usingthe newly created plane draw an arc from the top of the protrusion with a

radius of 12mm. Click Finish Sketch when completed.

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STEP 14: The SWEEP function is a very useful tool. It can be used to create

extremely complicated objects simply sweeping a shape along apredetermined path. Click on the SWEEP button. From here, you must

select your section string so click all the lines of the rectangle and then

select OK. Next is to select the guide string which is the arc, so click on it

and press OK. For this exercise an offset is not required so leave it be andpress OK. On this next menu select Create. Now you have your swept

curve. Close the SWEEP function.

(The picture on the right is the menu which you will come across. It offers Booleanoperations for when the solid is created.)

STEP 15: You will now combine the main object with the newly created semi circularpiece. Using Boolean operations unite the two objects together to make

them as one piece.

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STEP 15: On this step you will create the two supports for this object. Create a datum

plane on the base object and create 2 rectangles 5mm x 10mm where the

protrusion meets the base at the corners. Click Finish Sketch.

STEP 16: With the two sketches complete, it is time to create solids and shave off theexcess. Select EXTRUDE and extrude the two sketches 10mm. Then select

CHAMFER . Select an edge from which you will chop away at andhave an offset of 10mm. Then do the same for the other support edge. The

end product will be similar to the picture below. Finally, combine the

supports with the main object. Select the Boolean operation UNITE ,select the two supports just created, and then the main object, and click

Apply. You will get the object below.

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STEP 14: Insert 2 holes, 1 on the base and 1 on the protrusion. Create a datum plane on

the base and make a circle with a 12mm diameter. Use the inferred

dimensions button to move the circle to its correct position.

Do the same for the protrusion.

(NOTE: inferred dimensions for the circles can be found on the picture below)

(The circle button has 2 available functions which will allow the user to create circles:

Circle by Centre and Diameter, and Circle by 3 points. For Circle by Centre anddiameter, select the centre point of the circle and then specify the size of the circle

desired. For circle by 3 points, select 2 side points to represent the diameter and the third

point to specify the size o the circle.)

(The Inferred Dimensions button offers many different methods of specifying

dimensions. The default function will allow the user to specify any dimension. There are

more specific functions such as only vertical lines, only horizontal lines, only circles,only angles, etc each has its purpose and all are equally important.)

Create each hole one by one. Open the EXTRUDE function and select the circle on the

base. Set Start Value as Through All. This will extrude the circle sketch through the

base of the object. Select the SUBTRACT function in the EXTRUDE window (this

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will highlight the main object from which the extrusion will be subtracted from inorange). Finally, clickApply. Repeat the process for the other circle sketch.

THE FINAL PRODUCT

Below is a figure of what should have been created or at least something similar.

Now you will create simple engineering drawings for this object. Full engineering

drawings will not be required for this lab; this is only to introduce engineering drawingsand you will continue to learn bit by bit until proper engineering drawings can be done

without assistance.

For these drawings only the respected views are required (Top, Front, Right, and

Isometric).

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CREATING ENGINEERING DRAWINGS

STEP 15: Click the Start button (located at the top

right) and select Drafting .

Once that is done, the window on the rightwill pop-up giving the option to title the

drawing sheet, select a specific size either in

millimeters or in inches, and allow the userto adjust the scale which is extremely

important when creating proper engineering

drawings.

For the time being, simply select ok since

the default settings are good enough for thiscurrent exercise.

STEP 16: This next step select BASE VIEW located just above the draftingwindow. This will open a new set of functions which are important in

creating proper engineering drawings.

(The buttons listed above are the following from left to right: Style, Object View, Scale,

Orient View Tool, Hide Component, Show Component, Non-sectioned View, and

Sectioned view. The Style button will allow you to change the properties of the drawingsheet, drawing and object. The Object View button allows the user to select which view

of the object is desired for the drawing. The Scale allows the user to adjust the size of the

object with default scales listed on the pull down window. The Orient View tool allows

the user to change the actual view of the object so as to match the names of the views (i.e.top view is really right view). Once the object is placed onto the drawing sheet the option

to hide and show the components will be available. Also the Section View option and

Non-section View also become available for those who wish to show the cross-sectionalview of the object.)

Set the scale from 1:1 to 5:1 so that the object will appear bigger forengineering drawings. In the Object View menu, select FRONT. This will be

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the view that you will place in the bottom left of the drawing sheet (front view this view will be the most descriptive, with the fewest features hidden it

may be necessary to select a different Object View or use the Orient View tool

to produce an appropriate front view of the object). From that point, createyour top and right views.

STEP 17: Place the three views of the object on the sheet in the order of top, front, right,going counterclockwise starting from the top left corner on the sheet. To

create the isometric view in the upper right corner, open BASE VIEW again

and this time, in the Object View, select TFR-ISO and place the isometric

view as shown in the example figure.

Counterclockwise from top left corner: Top, Front, Right, Isometric

(NOTE: These drawings produced for Laboratory #1 are not proper engineeringdrawings, producing proper engineering drawings will be taught in small steps slowly

building up from one lab to another. For this laboratory, it is only required to know that

proper engineering drawings will require multiple views of an object, more to be added to

this topic in later labs.)

STEP 18: Click SAVE to save everything, push the to close Unigraphics andyou have now completed Laboratory #1.

***DONT FORGET TO CHECK OUT THE FOLLOW-UP ASSIGNMENT***

See you all on Laboratory #2