Last week # 6 We LearnedLast week # 6 We Learned Tahoe Natural Tahoe Natural

Wonders, Railroads Wonders, Railroads and Lure of the Lakeand Lure of the Lake

This week #7This week #7 Tahoe Fish Tahoe Trivia Summer Farming

Dairy Automobiles and

Highways Tahoe’s Airfields

Quiz QuestionQuiz Question Describe one of Describe one of

the five railroads the five railroads in the Tahoe in the Tahoe basin. Include basin. Include name, year name, year started and started and location.location.

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1899 Bliss Truckee to Tahoe Railroad -1942 Then the 1903 Ward Creek Spur

Lake Tahoe Railroad and Transportation Company

1878 Incline Village Railway Hobart – Marlette -1897

Sierra Nevada Wood and Lumbar Company

1875 D. L. Bliss Glenbrook to Spooner Summit Railroad -1898

Carson-Tahoe Lumber & Fluming Co.

1884 Chubbuck/Bliss Bijou to Meyers -1898 Lake Valley Railroad

1872 Mathew Gardner Camp Richardson to Sawmill Railroad - 1885

You know you’re You know you’re a Tahoe Local if:a Tahoe Local if:

You enjoy You enjoy the fact you the fact you can see at can see at least 12 least 12 people you people you know when know when you go to the you go to the grocery grocery store. store.

Tahoe FishTahoe Fish

LAKE TROUT OR MACKINAWSalvelinus namaycush

BROWN TROUTSalmo trutta

RAINBOW TROUTSalmo gairdnerii

KOKANEE SALMONOncorhynchus nerka

LAHONTAN CUTTHROAT TROUTSalmo clarkii henshawi(now extinct in Lake Tahoe)

Tahoe Morning EffortTahoe Morning Effort

Tahoe FishTahoe Fish 1895 Fish Commission did an experiment with non 1895 Fish Commission did an experiment with non

native fish that severely damaged Tahoe Native native fish that severely damaged Tahoe Native Cutthroat and Royal Silver Trout population.Cutthroat and Royal Silver Trout population.

65,000 Great Lake Mackinaw fingerlings planted in 65,000 Great Lake Mackinaw fingerlings planted in Tallant Lakes Basin above Meeks Bay.Tallant Lakes Basin above Meeks Bay.

10 years later Cutthroat became scarcer. The few that 10 years later Cutthroat became scarcer. The few that were caught showed signs of being attacked. were caught showed signs of being attacked.

The cannibalistic Mackinaw migrated into Lake Tahoe The cannibalistic Mackinaw migrated into Lake Tahoe and started to eat the Cutthroat trout. (As well as any and started to eat the Cutthroat trout. (As well as any other organic material, like a body)other organic material, like a body)

Combination of unrestricted fishing, obstruction of fish Combination of unrestricted fishing, obstruction of fish migration patterns and the Mackinaw decimated the migration patterns and the Mackinaw decimated the Tahoe Cutthroat trout.Tahoe Cutthroat trout.

Tahoe FishTahoe Fish 1917 California legislature banned 1917 California legislature banned

commercial fishing in Tahoe attempting to commercial fishing in Tahoe attempting to halt trout population extinction.halt trout population extinction.

Did not work. Now no Cutthroat nor Silver Did not work. Now no Cutthroat nor Silver Trout in Tahoe. Trout in Tahoe.

Fallen Leaf Lake – the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Fallen Leaf Lake – the U.S. Fish and Wildlife has begun a process to eradicate ten has begun a process to eradicate ten percent of the Mackinaw population percent of the Mackinaw population through gill netting. Sources say, Mackinaw through gill netting. Sources say, Mackinaw are a predatory non-native species that are are a predatory non-native species that are believed to have hampered efforts to re-believed to have hampered efforts to re-introduce Lahonton Cutthroat trout. introduce Lahonton Cutthroat trout. Lahonton has no exit to the current oceans. Lahonton has no exit to the current oceans. November 2009 November 2009 Tahoe Mt NewsTahoe Mt News pg 26. pg 26.

Mackinaw (Lake Trout)Uses Mackinaw (Lake Trout)Uses Lahonton Cutthroat For FoodLahonton Cutthroat For Food

How Many How Many Counties are Counties are Located in Located in the Tahoe the Tahoe

Basin?Basin?

How many How many counties counties touch the touch the

lake shore?lake shore?

The Island in Emerald Bay is The Island in Emerald Bay is known as Fannette Island. What is known as Fannette Island. What is the Name of the only other Island in the Name of the only other Island in

Tahoe?Tahoe?

Burton Island Burton Island 1860 Captain Homer 1860 Captain Homer

D. Burton 1860 D. Burton 1860 Edith Edith BattyBatty sailboat. sailboat.

““One white turnip out One white turnip out of Burton’s garden ran of Burton’s garden ran an whooping 16 ½ an whooping 16 ½ inch in diameter.” EB inch in diameter.” EB ScottScott

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Name One Lake That Contributes Name One Lake That Contributes Water to Both Sides of the Sierra Water to Both Sides of the Sierra

NevadaNevada

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Tahoe NamesTahoe Names Mark Twain - Silver Lake, Limpid Water, Falling Mark Twain - Silver Lake, Limpid Water, Falling

Leaf – Grasshopper soup Digger Indians favorite Leaf – Grasshopper soup Digger Indians favorite meal.meal.

Da ow a gaDa ow a ga Mountain Lake 1844 - Fremont 2Mountain Lake 1844 - Fremont 2ndnd Expedition Expedition Lake Bonpland 1844 - Preuss Lake Bonpland 1844 - Preuss Gleason Lake 1851– Carson City FortGleason Lake 1851– Carson City Fort Lake Bigler 1853 – Governor 1852-1858Lake Bigler 1853 – Governor 1852-1858 Sierra Lake 1863 – Sierra Nevada’sSierra Lake 1863 – Sierra Nevada’s Lake Union 1870 – Two StatesLake Union 1870 – Two States Lake Tahoe 1945 – CA Lake House ownersLake Tahoe 1945 – CA Lake House owners

Tahoe Paradise?Tahoe Paradise? Who was Who was

the man the man that started that started and did not and did not finish the finish the Tahoe Tahoe Paradise Paradise (Meyers) (Meyers) Community Community

Tahoe ParadiseTahoe Paradise

1970 Jim Wilson dies

http://www.tahoedailytribune.com/article/19981109/NEWS/111098764http://www.tahoedailytribune.com/article/19981109/NEWS/111098764

Cow(s)Cow(s)

During the 1870’s the South Shore During the 1870’s the South Shore was known as a, “Hay and Dairy was known as a, “Hay and Dairy

Producing Center.”Producing Center.” How much butter and cheese was produced in How much butter and cheese was produced in

1875?1875? There were 13 Tahoe dairies.There were 13 Tahoe dairies. ““Tahoe Valley annually turned out fourteen (14) Tahoe Valley annually turned out fourteen (14)

tons of butter and cheese.” tons of butter and cheese.” Saga of Lake Tahoe Saga of Lake Tahoe Laundauer pg 155Laundauer pg 155

Pre-WWII dairy men – dairy hand would milk up Pre-WWII dairy men – dairy hand would milk up to 18 cows, two times per day and have 1 day to 18 cows, two times per day and have 1 day off per month.off per month.

What were the consequences if a cow was not What were the consequences if a cow was not milked twice a day?milked twice a day?

Hand milking pre - WWIIHand milking pre - WWII 1940’s an 80 cow dairy was large. Now there are many 1940’s an 80 cow dairy was large. Now there are many

1000 cow dairies.1000 cow dairies. Holsteins cows - 3½ gallons each milking, milking twice Holsteins cows - 3½ gallons each milking, milking twice

per day. Would produce 2% to 3% butter fat. per day. Would produce 2% to 3% butter fat. Guernsey cows - 2 gallons per milking but up to 3½% to Guernsey cows - 2 gallons per milking but up to 3½% to

4½% butter fat.4½% butter fat. Jersey cows - 1½ gallon per milking but up to 5% butter Jersey cows - 1½ gallon per milking but up to 5% butter

fat. fat. Dairymen were paid by gallons of butter fat. There was Dairymen were paid by gallons of butter fat. There was

more butter fat per gallon in a Guernsey cow than more butter fat per gallon in a Guernsey cow than Holstein cow - 4 ten (8 pounds of milk per gallon and Holstein cow - 4 ten (8 pounds of milk per gallon and add the 10 pounds can) gallon cans paid more money add the 10 pounds can) gallon cans paid more money than Holsteins 12 ten gallon cans.than Holsteins 12 ten gallon cans.

Now production has increased to 8 gallons per day each Now production has increased to 8 gallons per day each cow when milked three times per day. cow when milked three times per day. Sam Borges Sam Borges 11/11/200811/11/2008

Butter and Cheese Storage and Butter and Cheese Storage and TransportationTransportation

During the summer During the summer firkins (kegs) were fill firkins (kegs) were fill and sealed in and sealed in sawdust and brine sawdust and brine and stored until and stored until cooler weather in the cooler weather in the fall to transport.fall to transport.

Standing orders in Standing orders in San Francisco, San Francisco, Sacramento and Sacramento and Carson City.Carson City.

Ice Harvesting

Ice Harvesting - dangerousIce Harvesting - dangerous The most common injury treated by Truckee doctors The most common injury treated by Truckee doctors

were ice pick or picaroon injuries to the leg or foot. This were ice pick or picaroon injuries to the leg or foot. This occurred both on the ice and in the houses. It occurred occurred both on the ice and in the houses. It occurred both in winter as well as in the summer as the ice was both in winter as well as in the summer as the ice was being removed and placed on railroad cars. Sometimes being removed and placed on railroad cars. Sometimes the injury was minor, but it could be very painful for a the injury was minor, but it could be very painful for a long time.long time.

Falls from the ice houses and elevators were common Falls from the ice houses and elevators were common and sometimes resulted in permanent disability. and sometimes resulted in permanent disability. Dunking from the ice breaking and men falling in would Dunking from the ice breaking and men falling in would result in pneumonia and frostbite.result in pneumonia and frostbite.

The peak period for Truckee's ice harvest years was The peak period for Truckee's ice harvest years was between 1880 and 1920 with as many as 1,500 men. between 1880 and 1920 with as many as 1,500 men. After that, improved electric refrigeration led to a After that, improved electric refrigeration led to a decline and the last harvest came at Boca in the mid decline and the last harvest came at Boca in the mid 1920s.1920s.

18681868 Ice Harvesting Ice Harvesting The Truckee area was particularly well suited The Truckee area was particularly well suited

for ice harvesting due to its location because for ice harvesting due to its location because temperatures are typically 10-20 F colder than temperatures are typically 10-20 F colder than South Shore. South Shore.

Ice was used to cool the Comstock mines, Ice was used to cool the Comstock mines, sending fish by rail and for packing agricultural sending fish by rail and for packing agricultural produce from early farming operations in produce from early farming operations in California. California.

At its peak, over 20 ice companies were active At its peak, over 20 ice companies were active in the Truckee area. in the Truckee area.

Ice harvesting operations would continue until Ice harvesting operations would continue until approximately 1927 when natural ice was approximately 1927 when natural ice was replaced by mechanical refrigeration. replaced by mechanical refrigeration.

Hickey Ice Company in South Shore near IHOP Hickey Ice Company in South Shore near IHOP supplied summer ice for the casinos in the supplied summer ice for the casinos in the 1960’s.1960’s.

Harvesting IceHarvesting Ice

Ice was chipped Ice was chipped into blocks, into blocks, loaded into loaded into wagons, stored in wagons, stored in an ice house with an ice house with sawdust, sold the sawdust, sold the following summer.following summer.

Ice elevator Ice elevator loading 300 loading 300

pound blocks of pound blocks of ice into ice house ice into ice house or onto railroad or onto railroad cars insulated cars insulated

with sawdust. The with sawdust. The People's Ice People's Ice

Company located Company located right next to right next to

Floriston 13 miles Floriston 13 miles east of Truckeeeast of Truckee

North shore FarmsNorth shore Farms William Ferguson and James Tracey William Ferguson and James Tracey

acquired 800 acres of land two miles north acquired 800 acres of land two miles north of Tahoe City calling it Tahoe Ranch.of Tahoe City calling it Tahoe Ranch.

Their property adjoined the 300 acre 1859 Their property adjoined the 300 acre 1859 resident Homer D. Burton Island farm. resident Homer D. Burton Island farm. (Saga I (Saga I pg 356)pg 356)

Lou and John Huntington purchased the Lou and John Huntington purchased the Tahoe Ranch and added the Whippoorwill Tahoe Ranch and added the Whippoorwill Farm on the outskirts of Truckee. Farm on the outskirts of Truckee. EB Scott Saga I EB Scott Saga I

pgs 26 and 28pgs 26 and 28

Summer Farming – Large DairiesSummer Farming – Large Dairies GlenbrookGlenbrook Rubicon BayRubicon Bay Marla BayMarla Bay Carnelian Bay Carnelian Bay Sierra House – hay from High Sierra House – hay from High

Meadows. Milk and butter from Meadows. Milk and butter from Tahoe was sold to Carson Valley Tahoe was sold to Carson Valley as late as 1905. 1871 – 1884 as late as 1905. 1871 – 1884 Haskin Calvin Swain had four Haskin Calvin Swain had four foot square butter churn. foot square butter churn. Greuner Greuner pg 18pg 18

Meadow next to RowlandsMeadow next to Rowlands Park Cattle CompanyPark Cattle Company Van Sickle Ranch “Crescent V”Van Sickle Ranch “Crescent V”

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Summer FarmingSummer Farming 1862 Fish, Fergusen, Smith 1862 Fish, Fergusen, Smith

and Coggins baled wild hay in and Coggins baled wild hay in Squaw Valley transported to Squaw Valley transported to the Bonanza Road way the Bonanza Road way stations on the south and east stations on the south and east shore by the sailing ship shore by the sailing ship Iron Iron DukeDuke.. Laundauer pg 151Laundauer pg 151

1872 Lowell and Locke 1872 Lowell and Locke purchased the equipment and purchased the equipment and land and brought dairy cows land and brought dairy cows for the summer. In 1875 they for the summer. In 1875 they were selling butter and cheese were selling butter and cheese to hotels and way stations. to hotels and way stations. Due to the drop in demand Due to the drop in demand few herds remain in 1880.few herds remain in 1880.

1860’s large herds of cattle 1860’s large herds of cattle near Blackwood Creek on the near Blackwood Creek on the west shore and continued to west shore and continued to 1873.1873.

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Deer Park Springs DairyDeer Park Springs Dairy 1872 Lowell and Locke purchased the equipment 1872 Lowell and Locke purchased the equipment

and land and brought dairy cows for the summer up and land and brought dairy cows for the summer up Deer Park Springs (Alpine Meadows Ski Resort north Deer Park Springs (Alpine Meadows Ski Resort north of Truckee). In 1875 they were selling butter and of Truckee). In 1875 they were selling butter and cheese to hotels and way stations. Due to the drop cheese to hotels and way stations. Due to the drop in demand few herds remain in 1880.in demand few herds remain in 1880.

1880 John P. Scott acquired several quarter sections 1880 John P. Scott acquired several quarter sections so grazing land and other landholders in the valley. so grazing land and other landholders in the valley.

Mid 1880 JP Scott died and widow Scott married John Mid 1880 JP Scott died and widow Scott married John B Scott (no relation to JP Scott) and in 1888 the land B Scott (no relation to JP Scott) and in 1888 the land was used as a hotel resort Deer Park Springs and was used as a hotel resort Deer Park Springs and Dairy until 1905. Dairy until 1905. SB Scott Saga I pg 19-22SB Scott Saga I pg 19-22

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Summer Farming Summer Farming (Dairy's – Come Smell the Dairy Air - Highway 99)(Dairy's – Come Smell the Dairy Air - Highway 99)

1862 Meeks and Company 1862 Meeks and Company (Meeks Bay) cut several tons (Meeks Bay) cut several tons of hay.of hay.

1878 Land purchased for 1878 Land purchased for timber by Bliss owned by the timber by Bliss owned by the Central Pacific.Central Pacific.

1884 Bliss sold to the 1884 Bliss sold to the Murphy Brothers who built Murphy Brothers who built corrals and ran a beef and corrals and ran a beef and dairy cows for 16 years.dairy cows for 16 years.

Murphy brothers sold the Murphy brothers sold the property for housing property for housing development in 1920 to development in 1920 to George Kehlet. George Kehlet.

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South Shore 1862South Shore 1862 1862 400 tons of hay were cut in the 1862 400 tons of hay were cut in the

Valley’s meadow land to supply the pack Valley’s meadow land to supply the pack trains moving thoroughfare to the Virginia trains moving thoroughfare to the Virginia City mines. City mines. Saga I pg 185Saga I pg 185

1875 Lake Valley Ranchers contributed 1875 Lake Valley Ranchers contributed most of the 800 tons of hay cut along most of the 800 tons of hay cut along Tahoe’s shore Tahoe’s shore Saga I pg 186Saga I pg 186

Remember the Transcontinental Railroad Remember the Transcontinental Railroad 1869 took much of the freight hauling. 1869 took much of the freight hauling. Now trees are needed for the mines.Now trees are needed for the mines.

Summer Farming – Large DairiesSummer Farming – Large Dairies Carlos Giuseppe Celio came to Carlos Giuseppe Celio came to

United States in 1852. Went United States in 1852. Went to the California gold fields to the California gold fields through Panama in 1853.through Panama in 1853.

1857 purchased property near 1857 purchased property near Placerville (winter ranch) and Placerville (winter ranch) and started a dairy eventually started a dairy eventually owning 2,600 acres.owning 2,600 acres.

Also in 1857 while looking for Also in 1857 while looking for gold in South Shore Lake gold in South Shore Lake Tahoe it reminded him of his Tahoe it reminded him of his homeland Switzerland. homeland Switzerland.

During the summers Carlos During the summers Carlos drove a wagon from Placerville drove a wagon from Placerville to Virginia City.to Virginia City.

1863 homesteaded property in 1863 homesteaded property in Lake Valley and made it the Lake Valley and made it the summer ranch.summer ranch.

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Carlo Giuseppe CelioCarlo Giuseppe Celio 1863 Carlo Celio started to drive 1863 Carlo Celio started to drive

cattle to Lake Valley every summer cattle to Lake Valley every summer June 21June 21stst and before October 21 and before October 21stst drove the cattle back to the western drove the cattle back to the western slope of the Sierra Nevada foothills slope of the Sierra Nevada foothills up to the 1920’s. up to the 1920’s.

He had six living children.He had six living children. The Tahoe Celio ranch is off of South The Tahoe Celio ranch is off of South

Upper Truckee Road. Upper Truckee Road.

Celio Ranch 1863 to 1948 Celio Ranch 1863 to 1948 Operated 1700 acres in Meyers.Operated 1700 acres in Meyers. 800 acres in Lake Valley.800 acres in Lake Valley. A dairy in Hope Valley.A dairy in Hope Valley. 400 acres in Big Meadows, Alpine County.400 acres in Big Meadows, Alpine County. Two saw mills and a slaughter house.Two saw mills and a slaughter house. 2,600 acres Nashville south of Placerville 2,600 acres Nashville south of Placerville

Highway 49.Highway 49. 1903 Celio’s purchased the large Meyers 1903 Celio’s purchased the large Meyers

Station. Station. 1931 leased their dairy to John E. Dunlap 1931 leased their dairy to John E. Dunlap

who ran the business until the 1950’s. who ran the business until the 1950’s. pg 156 pg 156 LandauerLandauer

Dunlap purchased land in Dunlap purchased land in 19201920

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Former Lumber Train #13 Former Lumber Train #13 Engineer (started in 1881 south Engineer (started in 1881 south shore, moved to north shore shore, moved to north shore 1898, 1920 purchased property 1898, 1920 purchased property from Bliss on the south shore, from Bliss on the south shore, returned to south shore with returned to south shore with daughters Glorene and Helen in daughters Glorene and Helen in 1928 1928 Greuner pg 27Greuner pg 27), ),

John E. Dunlap Ranch John E. Dunlap Ranch Tamarack Tamarack Dairy.Dairy. 1600 acres. Gardner 1600 acres. Gardner Mountain, Tahoe Island Park, Mountain, Tahoe Island Park, Tamarack Subdivision. (West of Tamarack Subdivision. (West of Upper Truckee River to Pope Upper Truckee River to Pope Beach on the lake.) Tahoe Keys.Beach on the lake.) Tahoe Keys.

Washington Street off of Tahoe Washington Street off of Tahoe Keys Blvd.Keys Blvd.

1859 Garret Washington Fountain1859 Garret Washington Fountain

Fountain Place ran Fountain Place ran beef cattle and milk beef cattle and milk cows in a 160 acres. cows in a 160 acres.

1905 purchased by 1905 purchased by Daniel Hale Daniel Hale Holdridge. Holdridge. Saga I pg 379Saga I pg 379

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1862 John G. Miller House1862 John G. Miller House

1200 acres on 1200 acres on Heavenly Valley Heavenly Valley Creek cream was Creek cream was churned into butter churned into butter and packed into and packed into firkins (kegs), covered firkins (kegs), covered with brine and hauled with brine and hauled to Carson Valley. to Carson Valley. Saga I Saga I pg 383pg 383

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1864 Freeman McCumber’s House1864 Freeman McCumber’s House

Had a dairy of 240 Had a dairy of 240 acres on the slopes of acres on the slopes of Freel Peak, 200 feet Freel Peak, 200 feet south of Ski Run Blvd. south of Ski Run Blvd. Saga I pg 384Saga I pg 384

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The Kyburz - Barton StoryThe Kyburz - Barton Story Samuel Kyburz born 1810 in Switzerland, moved Samuel Kyburz born 1810 in Switzerland, moved

to USA in 1833, 1846 moved to Sacramento and to USA in 1833, 1846 moved to Sacramento and became John Sutter’s assistant.became John Sutter’s assistant.

Kyburz, Sutter and Marshall surveyed land for a Kyburz, Sutter and Marshall surveyed land for a lumber mill in Coloma.lumber mill in Coloma.

Samuel moved to El Dorado County in 1862 Samuel moved to El Dorado County in 1862 became a dairy man. became a dairy man.

Son - John Daniel Kyburz bought land in South Son - John Daniel Kyburz bought land in South Tahoe for a dairy East of Upper Truckee River to Tahoe for a dairy East of Upper Truckee River to the lake shore.the lake shore.

John Kyburz’s daughter married William Delos John Kyburz’s daughter married William Delos Barton.Barton.

Kyburz - Barton Dairy in TahoeKyburz - Barton Dairy in Tahoe Hiram Emmett and Margaret Ann Barton-Hiram Emmett and Margaret Ann Barton-

Rucci homesteaded property in Meyers in Rucci homesteaded property in Meyers in the 1850’s and started a dairy. Son Hiram the 1850’s and started a dairy. Son Hiram Jr. had son William Delos Barton.Jr. had son William Delos Barton.

William Barton and Kyburz’s daughter William Barton and Kyburz’s daughter married and had two daughters named married and had two daughters named Faye (Ledbetter) Alva Barton.Faye (Ledbetter) Alva Barton.

1915 the family settled on the property 1915 the family settled on the property that is now known from the “Y” to the that is now known from the “Y” to the South Tahoe Airport.South Tahoe Airport.

Established the Established the Meadow Edge DairyMeadow Edge Dairy.. 1927 Barton Ranch 1000 acres East of 1927 Barton Ranch 1000 acres East of

Upper Truckee River to the Lake shore.Upper Truckee River to the Lake shore. Six acres of the ranch land was donated for Six acres of the ranch land was donated for

Barton Memorial Hospital development.Barton Memorial Hospital development. Also the Lake Tahoe Airport was part of the Also the Lake Tahoe Airport was part of the

Barton Dairy. Barton Dairy.

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Chris JohnsonChris Johnson 1908 purchased the 1908 purchased the

Sibeck’s Sierra House Sibeck’s Sierra House land – up to 500 cattle land – up to 500 cattle at the site.at the site.

Al Tahoe’s, Johnson Al Tahoe’s, Johnson Blvd, Happy Home Blvd, Happy Home Cemetery as well as Cemetery as well as the Governmental the Governmental Center, Lake Tahoe Center, Lake Tahoe Community College Community College land was at one time land was at one time owned by the owned by the Johnson’s.Johnson’s.

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Cy Powers 1864Cy Powers 1864 Powers livestock Powers livestock

ranch in lower Lake ranch in lower Lake Valley had become Valley had become one of the largest one of the largest stock ranches in the stock ranches in the Tahoe region. Tahoe region. Saga I pg Saga I pg 234234

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Marla Bay 1864 Marla Bay 1864 1864 John Marley 160 acres 1864 John Marley 160 acres

timothy hay (premium hay timothy hay (premium hay for cattle), scythe-cut baled it for cattle), scythe-cut baled it with hand press, potatoes, with hand press, potatoes, and other vegetables.and other vegetables.

1884 William McFauls 1884 William McFauls pastured a herd of milk cows. pastured a herd of milk cows. Saga I pg 243Saga I pg 243

1897 Marla Bay, (north of 1897 Marla Bay, (north of Round Hill) Bence Powers Round Hill) Bence Powers livestock ranch in lower Lake livestock ranch in lower Lake Valley had become one of the Valley had become one of the largest stock ranches in the largest stock ranches in the Tahoe region. Tahoe region. Saga I pg 234Saga I pg 234

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Chapter 14: Automobiles and Chapter 14: Automobiles and HighwaysHighways

The Lake Tahoe Wagon Road was a toll The Lake Tahoe Wagon Road was a toll road because the new State of California road because the new State of California did not have the money to fund the did not have the money to fund the construction. (had the gold fields though)construction. (had the gold fields though)

1889 El Dorado County took over the road 1889 El Dorado County took over the road because the toll houses left and failed to because the toll houses left and failed to maintain the roads.maintain the roads.

1896 deeded the “oldest and most 1896 deeded the “oldest and most traveled road in the Tahoe Basin” to the traveled road in the Tahoe Basin” to the State of California.State of California.

California State HighwayCalifornia State Highway First, a 30 stretch mile between Placerville to Meyers First, a 30 stretch mile between Placerville to Meyers

eventually included the entire 60 miles to Placerville to eventually included the entire 60 miles to Placerville to the Stateline.the Stateline.

1898 estimated 64 bridges and 140 culverts were 1898 estimated 64 bridges and 140 culverts were needed.needed.

1906 first state highway bridge built across Trout Creek 1906 first state highway bridge built across Trout Creek on Pioneer Trail (between Sierra House Elementary and on Pioneer Trail (between Sierra House Elementary and Golden Bear.) The early signs of the change from stage Golden Bear.) The early signs of the change from stage coaches to automobiles. 20 cars started in Placerville 2 coaches to automobiles. 20 cars started in Placerville 2 made it to Tahoe.made it to Tahoe.

1907 California State Legislature finally approved 1907 California State Legislature finally approved $5000 to finish the roads and erect the mile stones.$5000 to finish the roads and erect the mile stones.

1901 Riverton Bridge1901 Riverton Bridge 1920 named Highway 50.1920 named Highway 50.

New Improved Highway 50 circa New Improved Highway 50 circa 1940 Lovers Leap - Twin Bridges1940 Lovers Leap - Twin Bridges

Lover’s Leap

Strawberry

Twin Bridges

19191919 Highway 50 Highway 50

became part of the became part of the Lincoln Highway.Lincoln Highway.

The association The association helps focus helps focus improvement improvement funding.funding.

What Year Was the Road Around What Year Was the Road Around Emerald Bay Complete?Emerald Bay Complete?

19131913 The road was constructed for the Lincoln The road was constructed for the Lincoln

Highway.Highway. The Lincoln Highway was the first The Lincoln Highway was the first

transcontentinal highway in the United transcontentinal highway in the United States.States.

From New York, New York to San Francisco, From New York, New York to San Francisco, California to get to the World’s Fair in 1915. California to get to the World’s Fair in 1915.

A city rebuild after the 1906 earthquake. SF A city rebuild after the 1906 earthquake. SF in 1906 had 1 church for every 2,500 people in 1906 had 1 church for every 2,500 people and 1 saloon for every 250 people. and 1 saloon for every 250 people. Smith Smith SF if BurningSF if Burning Plume 2006 pg 4Plume 2006 pg 4

Lincoln Highway 1915 routeLincoln Highway 1915 route

Pioneer branchPioneer branch

Early motelsEarly motels

Burma Shave - Brushless Shaving Burma Shave - Brushless Shaving CreamCream

Started in 1925 with six 6 inch boards Started in 1925 with six 6 inch boards about one hundred yards apart. A bill about one hundred yards apart. A bill board advertising strategy.board advertising strategy.

At the zenith 7000 sets of signs in 43 At the zenith 7000 sets of signs in 43 states.states.

Allan Odell, grandson of Burma Shave Allan Odell, grandson of Burma Shave inventor.inventor.

In 1925 sales went from $0 to $68,000In 1925 sales went from $0 to $68,000 Late 50’s company grew to $3 million/yr.Late 50’s company grew to $3 million/yr. Final Burma Shave sign was installed in Final Burma Shave sign was installed in

1963.1963.

BURIED

One Minute ReviewOne Minute Review What was the most useful or What was the most useful or

meaningful thing you learned meaningful thing you learned during this session?during this session?

What question(s) remain What question(s) remain upper-most in your mind as upper-most in your mind as we end this session?we end this session?

Last Hour #1 We LearnedLast Hour #1 We Learned Tahoe Fish Tahoe Trivia Baldwin Estate Summer Farming

This hour #2This hour #2 Automobiles and

Highways Airfields

You know you’re You know you’re a Tahoe Local if:a Tahoe Local if:

The majority The majority of parties of parties you have you have been to took been to took place around place around a campfire in a campfire in the woods.the woods.

How Long Did it Take to Travel How Long Did it Take to Travel Across the United States One Way?Across the United States One Way?

1804 Lewis and Clark (18 months)1804 Lewis and Clark (18 months) 1849 Atlantic-Panama-Pacific (3-4 weeks)1849 Atlantic-Panama-Pacific (3-4 weeks) 1849 Wagon train (average 5-6 months 150 days to go 1849 Wagon train (average 5-6 months 150 days to go

about 2200 miles. Must average 15+ miles/day)about 2200 miles. Must average 15+ miles/day) 1860 Pony Express 1860 Pony Express (10+ days, 10mph, $1-1/2 oz.) St Joe(10+ days, 10mph, $1-1/2 oz.) St Joe 1862 Overland Stagecoach (25+ days, 5mph, $500)1862 Overland Stagecoach (25+ days, 5mph, $500) 1869 Railway express (6–10 days, 15mph, $150)1869 Railway express (6–10 days, 15mph, $150) 1903 First USA crossing by car – Jackson and 1903 First USA crossing by car – Jackson and

Crocker (33 days) Crocker (33 days) 1925 Lincoln Highway - Miller and Hansen1925 Lincoln Highway - Miller and Hansen

(4 days, 6 hours and 45 minutes, 30+mph)(4 days, 6 hours and 45 minutes, 30+mph) 1927 Ryan Lindberg (22 hours flight, 120+mph)1927 Ryan Lindberg (22 hours flight, 120+mph) 1968 SR71/Lockheed A12 Blackbird 2,193 mph1968 SR71/Lockheed A12 Blackbird 2,193 mph

36 mi/min (1 hour 8 minutes 17 sec)36 mi/min (1 hour 8 minutes 17 sec) 1990 Space Shuttle 266 mi/min (12 minutes)1990 Space Shuttle 266 mi/min (12 minutes)

Lincoln Highway QuestionsLincoln Highway Questions Who started the Lincoln Who started the Lincoln

Highway?Highway?

What year did he start?What year did he start?

What other projects did he What other projects did he do?do?

Carl Fisher 1912 Carl Fisher 1912 Bike sales, Car sales, Prest-o-lite investor by 1917Bike sales, Car sales, Prest-o-lite investor by 1917 - $6,000,000 - $6,000,000

Indianapolis Motor Speedway where Indianapolis Motor Speedway where the Indy 500 is run. (1909)the Indy 500 is run. (1909)

Coast to coast rock (Macadam) Coast to coast rock (Macadam) Highway. (1912)Highway. (1912)

Miami Beach, Florida (1915)Miami Beach, Florida (1915) Montauk, Long Island (1925)Montauk, Long Island (1925) Miami Beach hurricane (1926)Miami Beach hurricane (1926) Stock market crash (1929)Stock market crash (1929)

Everybody was excited about a Everybody was excited about a road across the United States? road across the United States?

True/FalseTrue/False

““The Lincoln Highway is a red The Lincoln Highway is a red line on a map that connects all line on a map that connects all the worst mud holes in the the worst mud holes in the country.”country.”

What were the What were the existing routes used existing routes used to make up the to make up the Lincoln Highway?Lincoln Highway?

Starting on the East coast – King’s Starting on the East coast – King’s Highway in New JerseyHighway in New Jersey

Lancaster Pike in PennsylvaniaLancaster Pike in Pennsylvania Oregon/California (Salt Lake) TrailOregon/California (Salt Lake) Trail Pony Express (US stage mail) routePony Express (US stage mail) route Part of this route was used by John C. Part of this route was used by John C.

Fremont, Donner Party, 49’ers, Fremont, Donner Party, 49’ers, Overland Stagecoach, etc.Overland Stagecoach, etc.

By 1914, Five Million Dollars Were By 1914, Five Million Dollars Were Donated: None by Henry FordDonated: None by Henry Ford

To promote the Lincoln Highway markings. To promote the Lincoln Highway markings. (not a construction company)(not a construction company)

Henry Joy proposed the Lincoln Highway Henry Joy proposed the Lincoln Highway Association fund, “seedling miles” using a Association fund, “seedling miles” using a fairly new material, concrete- one mile fairly new material, concrete- one mile outside of town.outside of town.

The first “seedling mile” was near DeKalb, The first “seedling mile” was near DeKalb, Illinois.Illinois.

The last year of making seedling miles was The last year of making seedling miles was 1919.1919.

What was What was celebrated at the celebrated at the 1915 Panama 1915 Panama Pacific International Pacific International Exposition in San Exposition in San Francisco, Francisco, California?California?

The 1915 World’s FairThe 1915 World’s Fair Taking over three years to construct, the Taking over three years to construct, the

fair had great economic implications for fair had great economic implications for the city that had almost been destroyed the city that had almost been destroyed by the 1906 earthquake. 28,000 buildings by the 1906 earthquake. 28,000 buildings were destroyed over 4 square miles.were destroyed over 4 square miles.

The fair covered 635 acres and is now The fair covered 635 acres and is now known as the Marina District. (Built from known as the Marina District. (Built from some, no all, of the earthquake rubble.) some, no all, of the earthquake rubble.)

The exposition was a celebration of the The exposition was a celebration of the completion of the Panama Canal, and also completion of the Panama Canal, and also the 400the 400thth anniversary of the discovery of anniversary of the discovery of the Pacific Ocean by Balboa. the Pacific Ocean by Balboa.

1915 San Francisco World’s Fair1915 San Francisco World’s Fair

One remnant is the One remnant is the Palace of Fine Arts Palace of Fine Arts near the Presidio. near the Presidio. Bernard Maybeck Bernard Maybeck architect for the architect for the Glen Alpine campGlen Alpine camp

One visitor was One visitor was Laura Ingalls Wilder Laura Ingalls Wilder – “Little House on – “Little House on the Prairie.”the Prairie.”

Golden Gate Bridge

1915 World’s Fair

Federal Highway ActsFederal Highway Acts – – National National DefenseDefense

1956 Eisenhower - Interstate Highway 1956 Eisenhower - Interstate Highway Act.Act.

19161916“ “ The road was easier to follow. The road was easier to follow.

Under the direction of the Under the direction of the Lincoln Highway Association, Lincoln Highway Association, caravans of painters had caravans of painters had crossed and recrossed the crossed and recrossed the country with brushes and country with brushes and stencils and had painted stencils and had painted telephone poles and buildings telephone poles and buildings with the Lincoln Highway with the Lincoln Highway emblem making the way of emblem making the way of the traveler increasingly the traveler increasingly obvious.”obvious.”

LLincoln

Highway

19191919

After WWI, the Army Transcontinental Motor After WWI, the Army Transcontinental Motor Convoy drove on the Lincoln Highway to test Convoy drove on the Lincoln Highway to test the road with heavy trucks.the road with heavy trucks.

Name the young lieutenant colonel on the trip Name the young lieutenant colonel on the trip who later became the President of the United who later became the President of the United States.States.

During the 62 day, 3310 mile trip, how many During the 62 day, 3310 mile trip, how many bridges had to be rebuilt by the Army?bridges had to be rebuilt by the Army?

Army Transcontinental Motor Army Transcontinental Motor ConvoyConvoy

Started July 1919 in Washington D.C.Started July 1919 in Washington D.C. In Tahoe September 1919In Tahoe September 1919 200 residents welcomed the convoy200 residents welcomed the convoy

Gael HoagGael Hoag

““Knew every curve, hill, vista Knew every curve, hill, vista and mudhole along the and mudhole along the highway.”highway.”

Most of the 3000 concrete Most of the 3000 concrete Lincoln Highway markers Lincoln Highway markers were placed along the were placed along the highway in one day. highway in one day. September 1, 1928.September 1, 1928.

The placement was done by The placement was done by the Boy Scouts of America.the Boy Scouts of America.

Carson City MarkerCarson City Marker

Western most Lincoln Highway marker.

The marker is by the parking lot of the California Palace of the Legion of Honor. Set 6/14/2002 by LHA

19311931

By 1931 the Lincoln By 1931 the Lincoln Highway became a Highway became a coast-to-coast, no toll, coast-to-coast, no toll, all-weather highway.all-weather highway.

1911 1911 North Shore’s Tahoe Tavern was North Shore’s Tahoe Tavern was

advertising for auto to make the advertising for auto to make the route.route.

The first car to the Tahoe Tavern The first car to the Tahoe Tavern would get a trophy.would get a trophy.

Bud Bliss awarded (Saga II) the silver Bud Bliss awarded (Saga II) the silver cup in 1911 to Arthur Burling Foote cup in 1911 to Arthur Burling Foote for his 6 day journey.for his 6 day journey.

Other Developed RoadsOther Developed Roads Spooners Summit Spooners Summit

to Incline Village.to Incline Village. August 1925.August 1925. Finished the road Finished the road

around Lake around Lake Tahoe.Tahoe.

August 1925 August 1925 Now highway 28Now highway 28

Keeping Highway 50 openKeeping Highway 50 open September 1931 Highway 50 September 1931 Highway 50

widened.widened. New Meyers Grade started 1937 but New Meyers Grade started 1937 but

not finished to automobile traffic in not finished to automobile traffic in 1947 (due to the WW II effort).1947 (due to the WW II effort).

South Lake Tahoe Air FieldsSouth Lake Tahoe Air Fields Landing on the surface of Lake Tahoe Landing on the surface of Lake Tahoe

with Float Planes - 1920’swith Float Planes - 1920’s Johnson Field - 1930’s to 1940’s – BijouJohnson Field - 1930’s to 1940’s – Bijou Horton and Bouchet Crash 1934 – Dunlap Horton and Bouchet Crash 1934 – Dunlap

Field (Tahoe Keys) never completedField (Tahoe Keys) never completed Meyers Lake Tahoe Airport – 1938 Meyers Lake Tahoe Airport – 1938

proposedproposed Sky Harbor Airport – 1946 - 1956 (Kahle Sky Harbor Airport – 1946 - 1956 (Kahle

Dr.)Dr.) California Aeronautics Commission California Aeronautics Commission

proposed landing strip Pope Beach / proposed landing strip Pope Beach / Tahoe Keys 1951 never started Tahoe Keys 1951 never started constructionconstruction

Lake Tahoe Airport (TVL) – 1959 Barton Lake Tahoe Airport (TVL) – 1959 Barton Dairy and other propertyDairy and other property

Sky Harbor Airport

1946-1956

Dunlap Field 1934

TVL 1959 – present

Johnson Field 1930 – 1940’s

CAC Proposed Airstrip

1951

Proposed Meyers Lake

Tahoe Airport 1938

1930’s Johnson Field

1960 Olympics

1934 Horton crash/ Dunlap Field

1938 Meyers Airport

1946 Sky Harbor Airport

1959 Tahoe Valley

1951 Tahoe Keys Barton

Field?

1930’s Barton Field

First Known Bi-wing Float Plane First Known Bi-wing Float Plane 19231923

Riva Grill/Ski Run Marina 1950’s Riva Grill/Ski Run Marina 1950’s Seagraves bought a vacant lot, Seagraves bought a vacant lot, built a dock and inland harbor.built a dock and inland harbor.

Pilot and Passenger PlaquePilot and Passenger Plaque

Friday September 21, 1934Friday September 21, 1934

1934 at the landing field adjoining the 1934 at the landing field adjoining the Truckee Marsh (Tahoe Keys) Truckee Marsh (Tahoe Keys)

Tallac Resort Site

Casino Promenade

Tallac Hotel site

Dextra Baldwin House Pope

Estate

Heller Valhalla estate

Boat House

Qui-cha- Kidn Boat

House Theater

John Horton, butler of the Pope Estate,

was a pilot and partner with Lloyd

Lukins.

Passenger Betty Bouchet was the governess of the

Heller Estate

Mrs. Lloyd O. LukensMrs. Lloyd O. Lukens

CHRI

S JOHN

SON FIEL

DJohn

Dunlap

Field

19341934

Dunlap Field

Johnson Field

Tamarack Dairy

Barton Dairy Future TVL Airport 1959

Future Sky Harbor Airport 1946 to 1956

Barton Field

Crash Site

Larry’s Island

Proposed Airstrip

Dunlap Field/Tamarack Dairy/Tahoe KeysDunlap Field/Tamarack Dairy/Tahoe Keys

Proposed Lake Tahoe AirportProposed Lake Tahoe Airport19381938

Lake Tahoe AirportLake Tahoe Airport19381938

Sky Harbor Airport/Kahle Drive Sky Harbor Airport/Kahle Drive 1 Mile East of Stateline 1 Mile East of Stateline

Sky Harbor Airport 1946 to 1956 - Kahle Sky Harbor Airport 1946 to 1956 - Kahle Drive, Nevada - Rabe Meadow, (Lam Watah Drive, Nevada - Rabe Meadow, (Lam Watah Trail)Trail)

A pilot would fly from the mountain side A pilot would fly from the mountain side toward the lake to alert the cattle to move, toward the lake to alert the cattle to move, then land flying from over the lake toward the then land flying from over the lake toward the mountain and the Sky Harbor Casino building. mountain and the Sky Harbor Casino building.

From the pilot prospective it looks like you From the pilot prospective it looks like you are flying into the mountain. One shot are flying into the mountain. One shot landing! No landing abort protocol.landing! No landing abort protocol.

1940s aerial view 1940s aerial view looking along the looking along the single unpaved single unpaved runway at Sky runway at Sky

Harbor Airport.Harbor Airport.

The Sky Harbor Airport was The Sky Harbor Airport was poorly engineered and shut poorly engineered and shut

down before 1956down before 1956

Landing strip

1946 to 19561946 to 1956

Sky Harbor AirportSky Harbor Airport

WWII trainer BT 13’s

Fabric wings, metal fuselage, cockpits were called: Green houses

Steinman- entire plane was fabric

Open cockpits

Had to fence in the cows to prevent them from eating the fabric of the wings!

1951 PROPOSAL BY THE CALIFORNIA 1951 PROPOSAL BY THE CALIFORNIA AERONAUTICS COMMISSION – AERONAUTICS COMMISSION –

Construction Never StartedConstruction Never Started

Tahoe Keys – Lighthouse Shores

Pope Beach

“Y”

1951 PROPOSAL 1951 PROPOSAL BY THE BY THE

CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIA AERONAUTICS AERONAUTICS

COMMISSION FOR COMMISSION FOR A 400 AIRCRAFT A 400 AIRCRAFT

CAPACITY CAPACITY TARMAC AND TARMAC AND

LANDING FIELD LANDING FIELD (AIRPORT) TO BE (AIRPORT) TO BE CONSTRUCTED CONSTRUCTED

NEAR CAMP NEAR CAMP RICHARDSON (250 RICHARDSON (250

X 5000 FEET)X 5000 FEET)

Tahoe Keys – Lighthouse

ShoresPope Beach

South Tahoe Airport - Barton DairySouth Tahoe Airport - Barton Dairy 1959. Available for the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley. The 1959. Available for the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley. The

5,900’ runway was the only airport along the 750 miles of the 5,900’ runway was the only airport along the 750 miles of the High Sierra capable of supporting private and military aircraft and High Sierra capable of supporting private and military aircraft and scheduled air carriers. The runway was extended to 8,544’ in late scheduled air carriers. The runway was extended to 8,544’ in late 1962. Casino money paid for the extension.1962. Casino money paid for the extension.

Lake Tahoe Airport usage reached an all-time high in 1978. Lake Tahoe Airport usage reached an all-time high in 1978. 294,188 passengers. 294,188 passengers.

1959 to 2006. 12 airlines. 1959 to 2006. 12 airlines. 1982. Strict noise and access restrictions at the airport.1982. Strict noise and access restrictions at the airport. 1983. City of South Lake Tahoe purchased the airport from El 1983. City of South Lake Tahoe purchased the airport from El

Dorado County for $1. Dorado County for $1. 1992 Master Plan Settlement Agreement adopted by TRPA.1992 Master Plan Settlement Agreement adopted by TRPA. Last scheduled air service was operated by Tahoe Air and Allegiant Last scheduled air service was operated by Tahoe Air and Allegiant

Air in 1999 and 2000. Air in 1999 and 2000. 2004 Due to lack of funding the air traffic tower was closed.2004 Due to lack of funding the air traffic tower was closed. http://www.tahoedailytribune.com/article/20080131/NEWS/216988398http://www.tahoedailytribune.com/article/20080131/NEWS/216988398

One Minute ReviewOne Minute Review What was the most useful or What was the most useful or

meaningful thing you learned during meaningful thing you learned during this session?this session?

What question(s) remain upper-most What question(s) remain upper-most in your mind as we end this session?in your mind as we end this session?

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