class 6, climate modes

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GEOG5426 Climate modes

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Page 1: Class 6, Climate modes

GEOG5426 Climate modes

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A lot less Less About average More A lot more

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Compared to my other classes, I am working:

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A lot less Less About average More A lot more

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Compared to my other classes, I am learning:

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DendroclimatologyPRINCIPLES OF

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A. E. Douglass University of Arizona

The trees composing the forest rejoice and lament with its successes and failures and carry year by year something of its story in their annual rings.”

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The principle of cross-dating

The principle of aggregate tree growth

The principal of ecological amplitude

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THE PRINCIPLE OF CROSS-DATINGMatching pa!erns in tree-ring widths or other ring characteristics (such as ring density) among several trees allow the identification of the exact year in which each ring was formed.

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Same environmental forcings

Similar growth pa!erns

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1900 1910 1920 1930

Two Douglas-fir cores from Eldorado Canyon, CO

Graphic: Jeff Lukas, INSTAAR

THE PRINCIPLE OF CROSS-DATING

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1900 1910 1920 1930

Two Douglas-fir cores from Eldorado Canyon, CO

Graphic: Jeff Lukas, INSTAAR

THE PRINCIPLE OF CROSS-DATING

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Smith and Lewis, 2006

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THE PRINCIPLE OF AGGREGATE TREE GROWTH

Any individual tree-growth series can be "decomposed" into a set of environmental signals that affected the tree’s growth through its lifespan.

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Rt = At + Ct + δD1t + δD2t + Et

tree growth in year ‘t’

THE PRINCIPLE OF AGGREGATE TREE GROWTH

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Rt = At + Ct + δD1t + δD2t + Et

size-related growth trendcaused by physiological aging

THE PRINCIPLE OF AGGREGATE TREE GROWTH

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Tree age

Ring width

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Rt = At + Ct + δD1t + δD2t + Et

climate during year ‘t’

THE PRINCIPLE OF AGGREGATE TREE GROWTH

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THE PRINCIPLE OF AGGREGATE TREE GROWTH

Rt = At + Ct + δD1t + δD2t + Et

disturbance within the forest

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Rt = At + Ct + δD1t + δD2t + Et

disturbance from outside the forest

THE PRINCIPLE OF AGGREGATE TREE GROWTH

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Rt = At + Ct + δD1t + δD2t + Et

random processesnot accounted by other sources

THE PRINCIPLE OF AGGREGATE TREE GROWTH

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Rt = At + Ct + δD1t + δD2t + Et

THE PRINCIPLE OF AGGREGATE TREE GROWTH

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THE PRINCIPLE OF ECOLOGICAL AMPLITUDEEcological range limits are o#en controlled by climate, and trees growing near the limits of their range are o#en more sensitive to climatic fluctuations than similar trees growing under more suitable conditions.

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Ring-width index

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Single-site reconstruction

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never trust one tree

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Multiple-site reconstruction

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Network reconstruction

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Rt = At + Ct + δD1t + δD2t + Et

THE PRINCIPLE OF AGGREGATE TREE GROWTH

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GEOG5426 Climate modes

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Workload A paper, not to exceed 10 pages of text plus figures and references, which reviews the climate history of a single region over a specific time period during the Holocene (e.g., the mid-Holocene, the last 2ka or the last 500 yr).

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Workload A paper, not to exceed 10 pages of text plus figures and references, which reviews the climate history of a single region over a specific time period during the Holocene (e.g., the mid-Holocene, the last 2ka or the last 500 yr).

(at least 5)>

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Focus questions

What are the most important features of the modern climate in your region?

What proxies are available in your region, over the time interval specified? How are they related to climate?

How different were past climates from modern conditions? Why is that important?

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NARROW AND FOCUSED

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NARROW AND FOCUSED

“How has the climate of Australia changed since A.D. 1000?”

OK

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NARROW AND FOCUSED

“How has the climate of Australia changed since A.D. 1000?”

OK“Was Western Austria drier during the Medieval Period,

compared to today?”Better

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October 27, 2010The human dimension of past climate change

November 3, 2010Megadrought II / Natural hazards

November 10, 2010Isotope paleoclimatology

November 17, 2010Climate forcings

November 24, 2010Climate models

December 1, 2010Regional climate history I

December 8, 2010Regional climate history II

December 15, 2010No class - Fall meeting, American Geophysical Union

Course schedule (current)

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Presentations ➜ Feedback ➜ Papers

OPTIONS

Papers ➜ Feedback ➜ Presentations

OR

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By November 3

[Tentative] list of 10 articles related to your region and time period.