climate and weather for class 83 (2)

8/11/2019 Climate and Weather for Class 83 (2)

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WEATHER AND

CLIMATEClass 8- GEOGRAPHY


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WEATHER AND

CLIMATEDifferencebetween weatherand climateWeather is what conditions of theatmosphere are over a short period oftime

Climate is how the atmosphere "behaves"over relatively long periods of time.

Today, the Sahara Desert in northernAfrica is the largest desert in the world.However, several thousand years ago, the

climate in the Sahara was quite different.This Green Sahara ex erienced


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ELEMENTS OF THE

WEATHER A) Temperatureis how hot or cold the atmosphere is, how many

degrees Celsius (centigrade) it is above or below freezing (0C).

Temperature is a very important factor in determining the weather,

because it influences or controls other elements of the weather, such as

precipitation, humidity, clouds and atmospheric pressure.

b)Humidity is the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere.

c) Precipitationis the term given to moisture that falls from the air tothe ground. Precipitation includes snow, hail, sleet, drizzle, fog, mist

and rain.

d) Atmospheric pressure (or air pressure) is the weight of air resting on

the earth's surface. Pressure is shown on a weather map, often called a

synoptic map, with lines called isobars.

e) Wind is the movement of air masses from high pressure areas (highs)

to low pressure areas (lows).


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WEATHER

INSTRUMENTSWeather instruments are used to take measurements of various

atmospheric parameters at local weather stations


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Hygrometer

This is a big word for the device that measures thehumidityin the local atmosphere. Humidity is thepercentage of water vapor in the surrounding air.

ThermometerEveryone has probably heard of these. Thermometersare used in many places to measure temperature. Ifyou get sick, that's one type of thermometer.


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RAIN GAUGE

Instrument used to measure the amount of liquid precipitationover a certain length of time. In its simplest sense, a rain gauge

is nothing more than a can which collects water which falls

from the sky as rain.


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BAROMETER

Atmospheric pressure is measured by barometers. An aneroidbarometer, one of the most common types, uses a sealed canof air to detect changes in atmospheric pressure.


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ANEMOMETER

An anemometer is a type of weather instrument that measureswind speed. Some of these instruments measure both windspeed and wind direction.


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KPPEN CLIMATECLASSIFICATIONSYSTEMThe Kppen Climate Classification System is the most widelyused for classifying the world's climates.

Most classification systems used today are based on the oneintroduced in 1900 by the Russian-German climatologistWladimir Kppen.

Kppen divided the Earth's surface into climatic regions thatgenerally coincided with world patterns of vegetation and soils.

annual and monthly averages of temperature

annual and monthly averages of precipitation


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KPPEN CLIMATECLASSIFICATIONSYSTEM


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climate and weather for class 83 (2)

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