civil services question papers

8/14/2019 Civil Services Question Papers

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Topic: UPSC: IAS MAIN - 2007(PA Paper- I & II)Posted: 25Nov2007 at 9:23pm

UPSC: IAS MAIN - 2007

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Paper- I

Time Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 300

INSTRUCTIONS

Candidates should attempt all questions strictly in accordance with the instructions givenunder each

questions. The number of marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of thequestion.

SECTION A

1.Answer any three of the following questions is not more than 200 words each: 20x3=60

(a) "Public and Private Administrations are two species of the same genus, but they alsohave special values and

techniques of their own." Comment.

(b) "Taylor's scientific management ignored social and psychological factors." Comment.

(c) "The distinction between line and staff is relative rather than absolute." Discuss.

(d) "Delegated legislation is a necessary evil." Examine.

2. Analyze McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y. Do you agree with the view that with everypassing year,

McGregor's message has become more relevant and more important ?Substantiate youranswer. 60

3. What is meant by morale? There is a belief that "morale and productivity go hand in handand higher the

morale, higher the productivity." Do you agree? Substantiate. 60

4.'Right to information promotes transparency and accountability in the working of everypublic authority.


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Explain. 60

SECTION B

5.Answer any three of the following questions in not more than 200 words each: 20x3=60

(a) "People's participation is crucial to development administration." Comment.

(b) "Training is essential not only for efficiency and effectiveness but also for broadening thevision of the

employees." Substantiate.

(c) "Not to be comparative is to be naively parochial" (Riggs). Comment.

(d) "Implementing a public policy is a process of discovering what works and what does

not." Examine.

6. Bring out the various techniques of 0 & M adopted in India to improve efficiency in administration. 60

7."The widening gap in the emoluments of government employees versus the public sectorcorporations and

private sector employees has a strong bearing on the motivation and ability to work."Comment. 60

8. What is performance budgeting? Bring out its merits, limitations and difficulties. 60

Paper- II

1.Answer any three of tile following in not more than 200 words each: 20x3=60

(a) "Kautilya was not only the foremost politico-administrative thinker of ancientIndia but he was an advocate

and preacher of moral values too." Comment.

(b) "Because of several judicial pronouncements, Governors in States are no longer viewedas agents of the

'Party in Power' at the Central level." Evaluate.

(c) "The President of India acts like grandparent in a family. If younger generation does notfollow his/her advice,

he/she is just unable to do anything." Comment.


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(d) "'Memorandum of understanding scheme' between govemment and public enterprisehas forced public

undertakings to improve the overall performance." Comment.

2. There is a separate Central Ministry or Department on each subject allocated to StateList. Does it mean

supremacy of the Union Government or an emphasis on development administration?Analyze. 60

3."73rd Constitutional Amendment has provided permanent structural framework to PRI'sresulting into silent

social revolution." Comment. 60

4.''The dispute between Secretariat and Directorate is the result of Generalist us Specialistcontroversy."

Analyse. 60

SECTION-B

5.Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each: 20x3=60

(a) "The blame for our poor public sector performance can be laid on the way ourbureaucracy is structured."

Comment.

(b) ''Parliamentary Departmental Committees have played their role effectively in analyzingthe demands for

grants." Evaluate.

(c) ''In spite of having Constitutional status the District Planning Committee is not able toimplement decentralised

planning due to centralized nature of economic planning." Comment.

(d) "A well-designed module-based training for Civil Servants is the best way to achieve thegoals of good

governance." Analyse.

6.''If information is power, nothing can perhaps empower a citizen more than the secret anddevelopmental


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information held by various public authorities." Analyse the merits and demerits of RTI Act,2005 in the light of

this statement. 60

7. National Commission to review the working of the Constitution has suggestedrevolutionary changes in

administrative culture. Analyse its major recommendations on Civil Services andAdministration. 60

8. (a) Critically analyse the functions and role of Ministry of Social Justice andEmpowerment with regard to

development of disabled persons in India in not more than 200 words. 40

(b) Define Civil Society. Is it an effective organ to control administrative machinery?Comment. 10

(c) "Social (Welfare) Administration in India is witnessing specialization and faster expansion of its administrative

agencies." Evaluate. 10

Topic: Eassy - The Game of PoliticsPosted: 13Jul2007 at 2:14am

The Game of Politics

Politics is a game in the true spirit. It has two or more parties contesting each other, eachbeing equally dedicated to win. Each maintains a team, whether close knit or not may becircumstantial, and has a lot in stake. Like any other game it has not only the player takinginterest but also a large audience to watch its every minute movement, cheer its wins andboo its losses. It has its own set of supporters, who may however be divided on theirfavourites from the team. Any game requires a balance of the mind or the physique or bothand politics requires both. One has to not only have a sharp mind but be also physicallyresilient enough to fight elections, do campaigns on a day and night basis, listen to athousand voices at the same time and so on. Just as in any sports, the match or game maylast for a short while but the preparations go on for months or even lifetimes. Practicemakes a perfect sportsperson and so also practice makes a mature politician. Any sport

lasts or is popular till people have interest in it, and politics scores very well in this front.People are addicted to politics and there is no drawing room where heated discussions overpolitics have not taken place. It is in acknowledgement of this fact that the media todayfocuses mainly on politics, relegating everything else to the background.

But is this phenomenon new? Is it a product of the modern age? Certainly not, politicsseems to run in mankind's blood. Man being a more intelligent species realized early on thateverything does not work on brawn. He realized that if you did the right thing, things wouldcome to you without even moving you limbs. He realized that it was not always necessary


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to tackle others physically, a sweet word or gesture here and another there was morepowerful than his muscles. Man is very much a social animal and has always craved forsocietal acceptance and praise and later status. This is from where politics was born. Asman's physical necessities came to be easily achieved, he looked up to do greater things, toorganize himself and others into families, groups and societies. And it was in this organizing

that he first realized the potentials of playing the game of politics. Simple societies played asimple form of politics but as society became more complex their games became morecomplex. Small groups gave way to full fledged kingdoms and states and each of thesemassive societies had their own political ideas and ideals, the matter of running the state inan appropriate manner came to be known as politics. This however did not mean the end ofpolitics in other spheres of life. Theories on political thought and process began to bediscussed, and a new era in politics came about.

The institutions and customs and political ideas of the ancient civilizations grew up slowly,age by age, no man designing and no man foreseeing. It was only in the sixth century B.C.,that men began to think clearly about their relations to one another, and first to questionand first propose to alter and rearrange the established beliefs and laws and methods of

human government. The Greek philosopher Aristotle, who studied at Plato's academy, isgenerally regarded as the founder of the scientific approach to political theory. His Politics,which classified governments as monarchies, aristocracies, and democracies, according totheir control by one person, a select few or many persons, successfully combined anemperical investigation of the facts and a critical enquiry into their ideal possibilities, thusproviding a challenging model of political studies.

The glorious intellectual dawn of Greece and Alexandria however did not last long, as theslave-holding civilizations collapsed and the clouds of religious intolerance and absolutistgovernment darkened the promise of that beginning. The light of fearless thinking did notbreak through the European obscurity again effectually until the fifteenth and sixteenthcenturies. Meanwhile the Arabs and Mongols had also put together some kind of a politicalstructure. And just as in Greece the bold speculations of Plato came before Aristotle's hardsearch for fact, so in Europe the first political inquiries of the new phase were put in theform of "Utopian" stories, directly imitated from Plato's Republic and his Laws. Sir ThomasMore's Utopia is a curious imitation of Plato that bore fruit in a new English poor law.

Indian political thought too seems to have matured early. We hear of 'Ram Rajya' inprehistoric times. The panchayat system too seems to have been in place very long ago.The earliest written evidence comes in the form of the 'Arthashastra' by Kautilya. The title,Arthashastra, which means "the Science of Material Gain" or "Science of Polity", does notleave any doubts about its ends. According to Kautilya, the ruler should use any means toattain his goal and his actions required no moral sanction. The only problems discussed areof the most practical kind. Though the kings were allowed a free rein, the citizens weresubject to a rigid set of rules. It remains unique in all of Indian literature because of its total

absence of specious reasoning, or its unabashed advocacy of real-politik, and scholarscontinued to study it for its clear cut arguments and formal prose till the twelfth century.Espionage and the liberal use of provocative agents is recommended on a large scale.Murder and false accusations were to be used by a king's secret agents without anythoughts to morals or ethics. There are chapters for kings to help them keep in check thepremature ambitions of their sons, and likewise chapters intended to help princes to thwarttheir fathers' domineering authority. However, Kautilya ruefully admits that it is just asdifficult to detect an official's dishonesty as it is to discover how much water is drunk by theswimming fish.


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Politics and political thought has come a long way since and is no longer limited by statesand territories alone, the politics of today has global implications and is of interest to boththe intellectual and the common man. The wave of a general globalization of things coulddefinitely not have overlooked the most important aspect of man as a social being. In thesetimes everything is global and local politics is invariably linked to world politics. The game of

politics is played as passionately and as meticulously in any part of the world. Theories donot alone suffice one to become a good politician. One has to live through the twist andturns of a political career. Maturity obviously comes with time. The real-politik still continuesthough in a more subtle manner but its vicious inclinations remain the same. Today'spolitician has less conscience and more greed for power as well as money and will go to anyextent to reach his goals, even if he has to declare war and walk over the bodies of thethousands that die as a result.

Like any other game politics too has some rules but they are rather flexible and the rules ofthe game keep changing as and when desired depending on who carries how much weight.The attack on Iraq is a case in point, the rule says UN sanction is required for any attack ofthe kind that is now going on in Iraq, but America being the sole superpower and having the

support of another global power, namely Britain, has flouted this convention. Not manyhave openly opposed this, because even milleniums down the line, might is right, onlyphysical right has been replaced by political and economic might. America and Britain havetheir own political gains involved, even though they may mouth things like the commongood of mankind. Even today, it is self service of the mighty as it was centuries ago.Terminology has changed but basics remain the same. Hunger for power and control drivesman in all fields and it will continue to do so into eternity, only the modus operandi willchange. Politics was there and will continue to be there even if it turns from global touniversal or to even inter galactic. Just as man is a social animal so also is he a politicalone. This game will go on, and with renewed vigour through ages.

Topic: UPSC: IAS MAIN - 2007(PHILOSOPHY Paper- I & II)Posted: 04Nov2007 at 9:26pm


PHILOSOPHYPaper- ITime Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 300

INSTRUCTIONS



SECTION A

1. Write short notes on any three of the following in about 200 words each: 20x3=60


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(a) Plato's recollection theory of knowledge.

(b) Hegel's Dialectical method.

(c) Elimination of metaphysics at the hands of Logical Positivists.

(d) Nature of synthetic a-priori judgment according to Kant.

2. State and discuss Locke's views on Substance. 60

3. State and discuss Russell's analysis of Definite Descriptions. 60

4. State and discuss Strawson's theory of Person. 60

SECTION B

5. Write short notes on any three of the following in about 200 words each: 20x3=60

(a) Nature of Pudgala in Jaina philosophy.

(b) Carvaka's views on the nature of soul.

(c) Four Arya Satya (Noble Truths) according to Buddhism.

(d) Nature of Sabda prammana.

6. State and explain the difference between Saguna and Nirguna Brahman. 60

7. Explain the Samkhya doctrine of three gunas. 60

8. Explain fully Nyaya's Asatkaryavada. 60

Paper- II

SECTION-A

1. Write critical notes on any THREE of the following in not more than 200 words each: -20x3=60

(a) Free-market economy is the only way to attain social justice.

(b) Negative freedom can, perhaps, ensure freedom to choose, but without any credibleassurance for its

actual fulfillment.

(c) Democracy that gives equal weight to every one's opinion is inefficient in determiningthe right or wrong


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thing to do.

(d) 'Acceptance of authority of the state is inconsistent with the highest duty of mankind,"the duty to act

autonomously".' (Robert Paul Wolff)

2. Consider why punishment is generally thought to require justification. In this context giveyour critical and

comparative account of the main theories of punishment. 60

3. Describe your understanding of Socialism. Must it be defined in normative terms of a setof values and

ideals which socialists seek to realize, or in descriptive terms of the specific economic and

political institutions

of socialist society? Can the tension between the two be adequately resolved? Discuss. 60

4. According to some Liberal Political thinkers social and economical inequalities can bejustified only if they

work to the advantage of the least advantaged members of society. Is this view consistentwith Liberalism's

cardinal advocacy of individual freedom? Discuss. 60

SECTION-B

5. Write critical notes on any THREE of the following in not more than 200 words each: -20x3=60

(a). Without some conception of immortality, religion has no meaning.

(b). 'God permitted evil to exist in order to bring about greater good; Adam's fall was a Felixculpa (happy sin).'

Leibniz.

(c). God is not subject to the Laws of Logic.

(d). The difference between 'numinous' and 'mystical' experience.

6. Traditionally omnipotence has been seen as one of the attributes of God. But accordingto some critics the

notion of omnipotent being is paradoxical. In response some theists have tried to resolvethe alleged paradox.


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Describe the paradox and explain the attempts to resolve it. 60

7. State and evaluate the cosmological argument for the existence of God. What are its twoforms? What is

the difference between a dependent being and self existent being? Why the self-existentbeing be

Theocentric? Can't the nature itself be conceived as self-existent being? Discuss. 60

8. Explain the doctrine of the Law of Karma. Is it compatible with the freedom of the will?Discuss. 60

Topic: Previous Year PA paper(1997-2005)Posted: 22Oct2007 at 1:51am

1997

Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300

Candidates should attempt Questions 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any three of theremaining questions selecting at least one question from each Section. All questions carryequal marks.SECTION A1.Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :(a) "In the science of administration, whether public or private, the basic 'good' isefficiency.

(b) "That is to be a successful administrator one must have a catholic curiosity.

(c) "Once fully established, bureaucracy is among those social structures which are thehardest to destroy."

(d) "Theoretically the Board administration violates the distinction between government andpolitics because through it politics is injected in the administration."

2. Examine the basic postulates of the Human Relations Theory and show how far it differsfrom the classical theory of organizations.

3. (a) "Frederick Herzbergs Two-factor theory is more or less an extension of AbrahamMaslow's theory of motivation. " Explain.

(b) "Centralization inclines toward power and domination. Decentralization, on the otherhand, inclines toward competition and self-dermination. " Discuss.

4. How far is it true to state that for a developing democracy the concept of civil serviceneutrality is outdated; instead there is a need for a civil service with professionalcompetence and commitment ?

SECTION B


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5. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :(a) "The controls exercised over administration by legislature are, in sum of greatertheoretical than practical efficacy ."

(b) Development administration is basically an " action-oriented, goal-oriented

administrative system. "

(c) The central concern of administrative law has been the legal limitation of administrative'discretion'.

(d) " Administrative reforms are induced changes in the machinery of governmentundertaken in order to bridge the gap between reality and desirability."

6. Bring out the importance of Organization and Methods (O & M). Do you think that thereshould be a separate O & M organization ?

7. (a) "Time-honoured and yet often not sufficiently appreciated are the fiscal techniques for

securing responsible conduct of administrative business." Discuss.

(b) How far is it true to state that delegated legislation has become a present day necessityand it has come to stay; it is both inevitable and indispensable ?

8. "Policy-making does not end once a decision is made. The implementation of the decisioncan have just as great an impact on public policy as the decision itself. " Discuss.

Paper - II


SECTION A1. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :(a) Under the Companys rule a distinction was drawn between Regulation and Non-Regulation Provinces.

(b) The Preamable to the Constitution is key to open the mind of the markers.

(c) The Directive Principles of State Policy are socialistic in their direction and content."

(d) "The legislative relations between Union and State governments are more biasedtowards Union government. "

2. Examine the motives and intentions of the framers of the Indian Constitution as theyopted for the system of parliamentary democracy in India.

3. (a) "The efficiency of the Cabinet depends to a large extent on the Cabinet Secretariat"Elucidate.

(b) For national planning, the commission type of organisation was deliberately preferred.Examine the Statement.


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4. "The States are constitutionally obliged to ensure that the laws passed by Parliament areimplemented. " Explain the constitutional position fully.

SECTlON B

5. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :

(a) "The main function of the Public Accounts Committee is to ascertain that the moneygranted by Parliament has been spent the government within the scope of the demand.

(b) "The word 'Police' in the title of the Central Reserve Police Force and the Indo-TibetanBorder Police is a misnomer. "

(c) " A singular feature of the 74th Constitutional Amendment is the new role assigned tothe urban local bodies in the field of planning.

(d) The machinery of administrative tribunals has been provided for the purpose of speedy

and cheap justice against official excesses. "

6. Critically examine the role of the Finance Ministry as the custodian of all public revenues.

7. (a) "The District Rural Development Agency is presently serving as the nodal agency ofrural development at the district level." Explain.

(b) "The most momentous recommendation of the Asoka Mehta Committee was the creationof a two-tier system of Panchayati Raj." Examine the statement.

8. Trace the origin of the Lokayukta plan and comment on its working.

1998


Candidates should attempt Questions 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any three of theremaining questions selecting at least one question from each Section. All questions carryequal marks.

SECTION -A1. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :(a) "The scope of administration is determined by the scope of government functions whichis decided politically."

(b) "Communication holds the organisation together."

(c) "Headquarter and Field relationships determine the tenor of implementation ofprogrammes."

(d) " 'Consensus' and 'Unanimity' are used as styles in decision- making."

2. Why is it that the behavioural approach to the study of organisations is a continuous


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phenomenon ? Discuss Chester Barnard's contributions to this approach.

3. (a) Differentiate between managerial and functional aspects of co-ordination. How is co-ordination achieved ?

(b) "The themes developed at 1988 MINNOWBROOK conference (20 years after the firstconference) largely focus on the current and future visions in the field of publicadministration". Elucidate.

4. "Public Personnel Administration is concerned with a number of functions". Elaborate.Why are PROCUREMENT and DEVELOPMENT functions important ?

SECTION-B5. Comment on any three of the following in not more then 200 words each :(a) "Budget is a tool which serves many purposes".

(b) "Executive control over administration is much more real".

(c) " Administrative Law in the modem governmental system is inevitable'.

(d) "Policy implementation in Less Developed Countries needs to be effective".

6. "Work study succeeds because it is systematic in investigating a problem and also indeveloping a solution for it". Explain. Also discuss the components of Work Study and theirusefulness.

7. (a) What are the objectives of Development Administration ? Also examine the demandsDA. places on the structure and practice of administration.

(b) " As long as the study of public administration is not comparative, claim for a 'science ofpublic administration' sounds rather hollow". Explain.

8. " All policy-making is decision-making, but all decision-making is not policy-making".Elaborate. How does a policy emanate and what course does policy-making in governmentfollow?

Paper - II

Candidates should attempt Questions 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any three of theremaining questions selecting at least one question from each Section. All questions carryequal marks.SECTION - A1. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 word each :(a) "Kautilya's Arhashastra has significant relevance to the contemporary Indianadministration."

(b) Art. 78 of the Constitution confers Executive Power on the President."

(c) "Central Services are more 'All-India' in character than are the All-India Services."


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(d) "State and district planning bodies in India have bot been effective in achieving theirgoals."

2. It is argued that the recruitment and training of All India and Central Services have notkept pace with the changing needs and time. Give suggestions for improving these

proocesses in order to make administrators more effective, committed and honest.

3. (a) "Indian public enterprises are neither adequately 'public' nor truly 'enterprising'."Comment.

(b) "The Indian Constitution considerably influences the nature, role and structure of Indianadministration." Elucidate.

4. Explain the role and structure of the Ministry of Home Affairs of the Government of India.What are the challenges being faced by this Ministry ?Give suggestions for enhancing the capacity of this organization to meet these challenges.

SECTION - B5. Comment on any THREE of the following in not more than 200 words each :-(a) "The success of administrative reforms in a country like India depends upon political aswell as administrative will."

(b) "Rural development programmes in India suffer from lack of coordination and a soundappraisal system."

(c) "Corruption is more of an environmental than an administrative problem."

(d) "CAG should be watch-dog and not a blood-hound."

6. In tune with the winds of administrative change blowing throughout the world, the Indian

administration has also taken certain noticeable initiatives in administrative restructuring inthe nineteen nineties. What are these initiatives and how effective have they been ?

7. Do you think that the Indian police legislation. structure, technology, altitudes andbehaviour are appropriate: to meet the law and order problems in the country ? Whatfundamental changes would you suggest in these realms to make the Central and the Statepolice forces more effective in their role-performance?

8. "The State Finance Commission under Panchayat Raj Law is designed to ensure regionalbalance in the distribution of State and Central Funds." Comment.

1999

SECTION A1. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :(a) "Instead of looking inward in their own values and requirements, the Asian countrieslooked outward."

(b) "The basic question in the relationship between political and permanent executives is theseparation of facts and values at the operational level."


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(c) 'The Commission form of organisation would tend to be a 'headless fourth branch' ofgovernment.'

(d) 'The principle of bureaucratic neutrality is more superfluous and redundant in thecontext of developing countries.'

2. Examine the growth of the discipline of Public Administration as a response to thedeveloping capitalistic system in the U.S.A.

3. (a) 'The Generalist will always have an edge over the specialist." Substantiate the view.

(b) It is not weak but strong bureaucracy that creates concern in democracy.' Comment.

4. Critically comment on the function of administrative capabilities with reference todeveloping countries.

SECTION B

5. Comment on any three of the following in hot more than 200 words each :(a) The process of change may create crises in the system. (Lucian Pye)

(b) 'Public Undertakings have received a raw deal in the wake of liberalism andprivatization.'

(c) Voluntarism is not anti-thesis of statecentricism.

(d) 'Public Interest Litigation is an effective innovation in realizing social justice.'

6. 'Increased delegated legislation is a phenomenon of a modem positive state.' Elucidate.

7. (a) What do you understand by the term under-administration ? What are the issues

involved in it?

(b) Elaborate the World Bank's concept of 'Good Governance.'

8. Elucidate the political process of policy formulation. Bring out its distinguishing featuresin developing countries.

Paper - II

Candidates should attempt Questions 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any three of theremaining questions selecting at least one question from each Section. All questions carryequal marks

SECTION A1. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :(a) The Planning Commission continues to exist but some would say that it is witheringaway, along with real planning itself."

(b) "Article 320 states that the Government shall consult the U.P.S.C. on certain specificmatters."


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accountability." Examine the current mechanism for enforcing accountability. What stepsare necessary to make it more effective ? 60

Q. 8. Critically examine the approach and methodology adopted by Fred W. Riggs in hisstudy of prismatic and sala societies. What is valid-content of Raj Krishna's criticism of

refraction ? 60

Paper - II


INSTRUCTIONSEach question is printed both in Hindi and in English.Answers must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you,which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for thepurpose. No mark will be given for the answers written in a medium other than thatspecified in the Admission Certificate.

Candidates should attempt questions 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any THREE of theremaining questions selecting at least ONE question from each Section.All questions carry equal marks.

SECTION 'A'

Q. 1. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :

(a) "The period of British rule generated most of the structural and behavioural values ofIndian Administration not by imitation but through interaction."

(b) "Though the dictatorship of the Cabinet is a stark reality in modern times, it does notmean that the Cabinet is omnipotent."

(c) "National Development Council, it seems, is like a super-Cabinet."

(d) "Indian Constitution confers vast legislative powers on the President."

Q. 2. "Among several other problems, the Problem of financial relationship is perhaps themost complex one." Explain in the context of recent developments in Union-State relationsin India.

Q. 3. (a) "The leadership qualities of a civil servant are tested most during his tenure as theCabinet Secretary - a dream-post for even-bureaucrat.- Elucidate.

(b) "All India Services play a crucial unifying role in the whole administrative system of thecountry." Explain.

Q.4. Discuss the major problems of management and working of Public Sector Undertakingsin India. Give suggestions in the light of liberalization policy to improve their performance.

SECTION 'B'



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(a) "Maintenance of law and order is a State subject but the Union Government can deployarmed forces in any State."

(b) "Most administrative reforms have a political cost."

(c) "It is a major challenge to balance the role of District Collector with the powers ofdemocratic bodies."

(d) "A middle way- should be worked out to utilize the services of both generalists andspecialists for the national development."

Q. 6. Do you think that our administration is sensitive to public grievances ? Discuss theexisting grievances redressal mechanism and give suggestions for enhancing its capabilities.

Q. 7. (a) "Reservation policy and its implementation has had some positive impact inrelative terms on the socio-economic development of the SCs and STs but it is very meagre

in absolute terms. Comment.

(b) "In the Chief Secretary, the State Government has an officer whose counterpart doesnot obtain in the Union Government.' Elucidate.

Q. 8. Do you agree that globalization, liberalization and privatization policies are going tochange the very fabric of Indian Administration ? What, according to you, are the majorchallenges before it in the 21st century ?

2001

SECTION 'A'


(a) "Administrative efficiency is enhanced by keeping at a minimum the number of

organizational levels through which a matter must pass before it is acted upon." - (Herbert

A. Simon) 20

(b) "A science of administration would be a body of for mal statements describing invariant

relationships between measurable objects, units, or elements. Unquestionably,

administrative research has produced definite precepts and hypotheses that are applicable to concrete

situations."

- (Fritz Morstein Marx) 20

(c) ... "a more thorough consideration leads to the understanding that communication,

authority, specialisation and purpose are all aspects comprehended in coordination."

- (Chester I. Barnard) 20


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(d) "Political environment conditions administrative system." - (F. W Riggs) 20

Q. 2. "... The paradigms of public administration may be understood in terms of locus an

focus."- Golembiewski

In the light of the above statement describe the "five-paradigms" of Nicholas Henry about

the evolution of the discipline of public administration. 60

Q. 3. "Information constitutes the life-blood of the functioning of organization." In the light

of this statement, explain the utility and importance of communication in decision-making.

60

Q. 4. What opportunities are available to All India Services and state services in career

development ? Do you agree that days of generalists in modern administrative state arenumbered ? 60

SECTION `B'

Q. 5. Write short notes on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :

(a) Budget as an instrument of socio-economic transformation. 20

(b) Judicial control over administration in India and concept of judicial activism. 20

(c) Effectiveness and utility of Central and State Administrative Tribunals. 20

(b) Work study and work-measurement in Indian Administration. 20

Q.6. Give reasons for the failure of Government of India to introduce the performance

programme budgetary technique in Union Ministries. What type of budgetary system is

being currently practised in India and why ? 60

Q. 7. "The weakest aspect of Indian Administrative System is utter disregard of

accountability." Examine the current mechanism for enforcing accountability. What steps

are necessary to make it more effective ? 60

Q. 8. Critically examine the approach and methodology adopted by Fred W. Riggs in his

study of prismatic and sala societies. What is valid-content of Raj Krishna's criticism of

refraction ? 60

Paper - II


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INSTRUCTIONS

Each question is printed both in Hindi and in English.

Answers must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you,which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the

purpose. No mark will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that

specified in the Admission Certificate.

Candidates should attempt questions 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any THREE of the

remaining questions selecting at least ONE question from each Section.

All questions carry equal marks.

SECTION 'A'


(a) "The period of British rule generated most of the structural and behavioural values of

Indian Administration not by imitation but through interaction."

(b) "Though the dictatorship of the Cabinet is a stark reality in modern times, it does not

mean that the Cabinet is omnipotent."

(c) "National Development Council, it seems, is like a super-Cabinet."

(d) "Indian Constitution confers vast legislative powers on the President."

Q. 2. "Among several other problems, the Problem of financial relationship is perhaps themost complex one." Explain in the context of recent developments in Union-State relations

in India.

Q. 3. (a) "The leadership qualities of a civil servant are tested most during his tenure as the

Cabinet Secretary - a dream-post for even-bureaucrat.- Elucidate.

(b) "All India Services play a crucial unifying role in the whole administrative system of the

country." Explain.

Q.4. Discuss the major problems of management and working of Public Sector Undertakings

in India. Give suggestions in the light of liberalization policy to improve their performance.

SECTION 'B'


(a) "Maintenance of law and order is a State subject but the Union Government can deploy

armed forces in any State."


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(b) "Most administrative reforms have a political cost."

(c) "It is a major challenge to balance the role of District Collector with the powers of

democratic bodies."

(d) "A middle way- should be worked out to utilize the services of both generalists and

specialists for the national development."

Q. 6. Do you think that our administration is sensitive to public grievances ? Discuss the

existing grievances redressal mechanism and give suggestions for enhancing its capabilities.

Q. 7. (a) "Reservation policy and its implementation has had some positive impact in

relative terms on the socio-economic development of the SCs and STs but it is very meagre

in absolute terms. Comment.

(b) "In the Chief Secretary, the State Government has an officer whose counterpart does

not obtain in the Union Government.' Elucidate.

Q. 8. Do you agree that globalization, liberalization and privatization policies are going to

change the very fabric of Indian Administration ? What, according to you, are the major

challenges before it in the 21st century ?

2002

SECTION A

1. Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each:

(a) "Publicness" of public administration in an ideal democratic government remains the

ultimate value in theory and practice'. Elucidate

(b) Minnobrook conference in USA identified four features crucial to 'new public

administration'. Explain.

(c) "The nature and role of communication in administration vindicates that "communication

is authority"". Comment.

(d) Critically examine the model of Max Weber and Chester I Barnard with reference to

'bureaucratic authority.

2. The 'decision-making scheme' and 'satisfying model' of Herbert A Simon is the major

component of administrative theory. Comment.

3. Why do all administrative organizations consider 'hierarchy' as the many splendoured


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technique? Discuss.

4. In what aspects, the powers of proposed institution of Lok Pal in the Bill already

introduced in Indian Parliament, will strengthen the institution as compared to

parliamentary commissioner in UK?

SECTION B

5. Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each: (20 x 3 = 60)

(a) 'The inculcation of belief in the real existence of a common purpose is an essential

executive function'. Comment

(b) Burekehead says:

'Budget in Government is a vehicle of fiscal policy and a tool of management'. Examine thisstatement.

(c) Critically comment on Riggsian Prismatic Sala model of administration of developing

societies. To what extent Indian administrative system exhibits prismatic characteristics?

(d) "Statutory External auditing is one of the protectors of democracy in the parliamentary

form of government". Comment.

6. A fairly adequate analysis of the administrative organization in government is possible

when we treat 'bureaucracy' as a 'structure' and 'administration' as a 'function'. Discuss.

7. What techniques the government of india have employed to evaluate (appraise) the

performance of senior level employees, i.e. class I and class II? Are you satisfied with these

techniques?

8. Critically examine the monetary and fiscal policies of government of india in the decade

1991 to 2001. Do you think world financial institutions had a role to play in opening indian

economy to global forces? give reasons to substantiate your argument.

PAPER II


Candidates should attempt question 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any three of the

remaining questions selecting at least one question from each section. All questions carry

equal marks.

SECTION - A


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1. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each: (3 x 20 = 60)

(a) "The machinery of government designed in Kautilya's Arthashastra does not exactly

resemble our modern-day polity, but it does contain some principles which could be said to

be the part of today's science of public administration".

(b) "The use of the word "socialist" in the indian constitution has become redundant in the

context of the liberalization of economy".

(c) "The prime minister stands out as the most powerful authority even today".

(d) "The district collector admirably survived the historical change of role from an alien

regime to a national one.".

2. "It is axiomatic that a country's public administration system, including its bureaucracy,

must fit into and respond to its overall political system". In the light of this statementdiscuss the mutual relations between the civil servants and the ministers since

independence. (60)

3. (a) "State directorates are administrative and implementation units assisting the

department functioning from the secretariat". Explain

(b) "Despite the serious commitment on the part of the government the benefits of the rural

development programs do not seen to reach the intended targets and they fall to serve fully

the purpose for which they were intended". Elucidate.

4. "Despite liberalization, privatization, and globalization of economy, the public sector hasits own relevance for india".

SECTION - B

5. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each:

(a) "The need and significance of all india services has been well recognized in political as

well as administrative circles".

(b) "It is the audit of propriety that distinguishes the audit of the comptroller and auditor

general of india (CAG) from the audit made by any professional auditor".

(c) "Although district planning committee and metropolitan planning committees have been

provided, those remain mostly on paper".

(d) "Administrative reforms in india are not necessarily the result of the recommendations

of any specific committees or commissions".


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6. "Control over public expenditure is an essential feature of accountable and responsible

financial administration". In the light of this statement discuss various methods of control

over public expenditure which are exercised by the indian parliament. (60)

7. (a) "The policy of the government is reflected by various items of the budget". Explain bydistinguishing between a commercial budget and government budget.

(b) "Indian administration is yet to fully appreciate and adopt the benefits of the information

technology" Elucidate (30 x 2 = 60).

8. "The central social welfare board has become an anomalous institution." In light of this

statement, examine the functions and role of the central social welfare board and suggest

measures for making it an effective institution. (60)

2003

SECTION A


(a) "Though there are certain points of similarity between public and private administration

yet no private organization can ever be exactly the name as a public one". Examine.

(b) "Civil society exists to ensure that government does provide good governance." Discuss.

(c) "Public corporations are not an end in themselves but an extension of the government

activities designed to promote public welfare." - Substantiate.

(d) "dicey was wrong not only in his concept of the rule of law, but he also overlooked the

significance of the administrative law". - Comment.

2. Describe the evolution of the discipline of public administration with special emphasis on

post - 1970 developments. (60)

3. Explain the contribution of George Elton Mayo to the development of the Human relations

school. How did behavioral scientist modify his basic findings? (60)

4. Compare Abraham Maslow's theory of motivation and Herberg's motivation-hygienetheory. Do you think that they are universally applicable? If so, why? If not, why not? (60)

SECTION B


(a) "Development administration is concerned with maximizing innovation for development."


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- Discuss.

(b) "Public policy is what politics is about". - Substantiate.

(c) The doctrine of political neutrality and anonymity is no more relevant to modern civilservice." - Comment.

(d) "Auditing in Government is an exercise in post-mortem". - Examine.

6. Analyze the constitutional political and operational dimensions of employer-employee

relations. What are your suggestions to bring about a satisfactory relationship between

them? (60)

7. How did Fred W. Riggs conceptualize the interactions between administration systems

and their environment? (60)

8. Examine the government budget as an instrument of public policy and a local legislative

control? (60)

PAPER II


Candidates should attempt question 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any three of the

remaining questions selecting at least one question from each section. All questions carry

equal marks.

SECTION - A

1. Comment on any three of the following in not more than 200 words each: (3 x 20 = 60)

(a) "The value premises of our constitution in the era of global constitutionalism."

(b) Indian federalism is described as federal in form but unitary in spirit.

(c) "Rural and urban development programs have gained in importance, but implementation

has been a failure."

(d) "The rule of public sector has been changing tremendously in the context of

liberalization.

2. "after independence, despite the change in socio-economic and political milieu, the basic

features of colonial impact on administration continues to exist in our administrative

system." Comment. (60)


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3. (a) The central secretariat is a policy formulating, coordinating and supervisory agency

besides being the principal executive agency of the government." - Explain (30)

(b) "Collector is the representative of the state government in the district and also

represents public interest". Comment (30).

4. The role of local self-government in the state administration is of considerable

importance. Evaluate the statement in the context of the 73rd and 74th amendments made.

(60).

SECTION - B


(a) "All indian service is an institution - is the result of history".

(b) "The role of comptroller and auditor general is a limited one."

(c) "National development council has virtually become a super-cabinet and tries to arrogate

itself the functions of parliament.

(d) "Public undertakings no longer occupy commanding heights".

6. "the machinery for welfare administration at the national and state level trickling down to

grassroots becomes meaningless in the context of global constitutionalism. - Discuss (60)

7. (a) "Culturally sanctioned values and symbols have acted as important influencing

catalyst in administration". Elaborate (30)

(b) The problem of administrative improvement in india are longer and more complex than

in any other country in the world". Comment (30)

8. "Women's development programs of recent have shifted from welfarist approach to

empowerment of women". Elaborate (60).

2005

PAPER 1

SECTION-A

1. Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each: 3x20=60

(a) "Administrative question are not political questions." Discuss.


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(b) "Organisation is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of

two or more persons." Comment.

(c) In Follett's view, "authority belongs to the job and stays with the job."

Explain.

(d) "The failure of classical science of administration lies in its capacity toconfront theory with evidence." Discuss.

2. In what ways and how can information technology playa crucial role in effective

government-citizen interaction in the context of good governance 60

3. "Today the content of administrative law is driven primarily by. the scope of

public administration activity." Explain. 60

4. What is judicial activism? How far has it been successful in exercising a check

over administration? 60

SECTION-B

5. Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each: 3x20=60

(a) "Development administration is starved for theories which will guide the

pooling of empirical knowledge, orient new research, and recommend

administrative policy." Explain.

(b) "If positions are the raw material of classification, the class is the operating

unit." Discuss.

(c) "The budget is an instrument of coordination." Explain.

(d) "No science of public administration is possible unless.... there is a body of

comparative studies from which it may be possible to discover principles andgeneralities that transcend national boundaries and peculiar historical

ecperiences." Discuss.

6. Why do public organisations evaluate employees' performance? How can

performance evaluation systems affect employees' behaviour? How can

administration effectively evaluate employees? 60

7. Give an assessment of the processes of policy formulation and discuss the

problems of policy implementation. 60

8. Why does the issue of budgeting as politics versus budgeting as analysis remainimportant in the budgeting process? Do you agree that some synthesis of the two

positions seems possible? Illustrate. 60

2005

PAPER 2

SECTION-A


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20x3=60

(a) "The Mughal Administrative System was a military rule by nature and was

centralized despotism."(b) "The veto-power of the Indian President is a combination of the absolute,

suspensive and pocket veto."

(c) "The District Collector is an overburdened officer due to the expansion and

increasing developmental activities."

(d) "A strong PMO is a salvation for any Indian Prime Minister, but concentration

of power is a danger to democracy."

2. "The Chief Minister symbolizes ruling power structure and is the real executive

head of the State Government." Discuss the above statement in the light of his

position in a Coalition Government.

60

3. (a) "The Cabinet Secretariat provides the eyes and ears for the Prime Minister to

keep in touch with the process of official business in Central Government."

Comment.

(b) "The primary emphasis in District Administration has to be on

implementation of development programmes in cooperation with active

support of people." Elucidate.

30x2=60

4. "Even after a decade of having adopted the 73rd Amendment to the Constitution,

the Panchayat Raj institution still faces a number of problems towards making it astrong and vibrant unit of Government." Comment.

60

SECTION-B

5. Comment on. any three of the following in not more than 200 words each:

20x3=60

(a) "One of the most distinctive characteristics of Indian Administrative Service

is its multipurpose character."

(b) "Public Accounts Committee conducts a post-mortem examination of PublicAccounts."

(c) "Efforts made towards administrative reforms so far have been lacking in a

congruence between strategy, structure and substance."

(d) "The role played by Central and State Governments in maintaining law and

order is inadequate and unmatched to growing criminalization."

6. "From highly centralized planning system, India has moved towards indicative


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planning under which long-term strategic vision of the future is built and nation's

priorities are decided." Elucidate. 60

7. (a) "Audit provides a healthy safeguard against pub1ic money going dowm the

drain." Comment.(b) "National Development Council is criticized as an usurping authority -

functioning as a virtual supercabinet." Explain. 30 x 2 = 60

8. "The Lokayuktas in States have not succeeded in tackling maladministration,

while the Bill on Lokpal still faces stiff oppostion on the floor of the Parliament."

Comment. 60

Topic: IAS GS Prelim 2007 BIOLOGYPosted: 03Dec2007 at 9:20pm

IAS GS Prelim 2007 Questions Pattern BIOLOGY

1. Which on the following is the correct sequence in order of decreasing length of the threestructural parts

given below of small intestine in the human body?

a). Jejunum - Duodenum ileum

b). ileum Duodenum Jejunum

c). jejunum ileum Duodenum

d). ileum Jejunum Duodenum

2. In the Human Body which on the following hormones regulates blood calcium andPhosphate?

a). Glucagon b). Growth Hormone

c). Parathyroid Hormone d). Thyroxin

3. How do most insects respire

a). Through skin b). Through gills

c). by Lungs d). by Tracheal system

4. In Human Being , normally in which one of the following parts , does the sperm fertilizethe ovum ?


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a). Cervix b). Fallopian Tube

c). Lower Part of Uterus d). Upper Part of Uterus

5. Which one of the following parts of Human brain is regulating center for swallowing andvomiting?

a). Cerebellum b). Cerebrum

c). Medulla Oblongata d). Pons

6. Production of which one of the following is a function of the Liver.

a). Lipase b). Urea

c). Mucus d). Hydrochloric acid

7. Which of the following is not a digestive enzyme in the Human system?

a). Trypsin b). Gastrin

c). Ptyalin d). Pepsin

8. Which of the following types of light are strongly absorbed by plants ?

a). Violet and Orange b). Blue and Red

c). indigo and yellow d). Yellow and Violet

9. In the Human Body , which structure is the appendix attached to ?

a). The large intestine b) The Small intestine

c). the gall Bladder d). The Stomach

10. Which one of the following parts of the pitcher plants becomes modified into a pitcher?

a). Stem b). Leaf

c). Stipule d). Petiole

IAS GS Prelim 2007 Questions Pattern BIOLOGY


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a). Trypsin b). Gastrin

c). Ptyalin d). Pepsin

8. Which of the following types of light are strongly absorbed by plants ?

a). Violet and Orange b). Blue and Red

c). indigo and yellow d). Yellow and Violet

9. In the Human Body , which structure is the appendix attached to ?

a). The large intestine b) The Small intestine

c). the gall Bladder d). The Stomach

10. Which one of the following parts of the pitcher plants becomes modified into a pitcher?

a). Stem b). Leaf

c). Stipule d). Petiole

IAS GS Prelim 2007 Questions Pattern INDIAN ECONOMY

1. Consider the following Statements:

1. The National wide scheme of the National Child Labour projects ( NCLP ) is run by theUnion Ministry

of Social Justice and Empowerment.

2. Gurupadswami committee dealt with the issues of child labor.

Which of the following statement given above is/are correct?

a). 1 only b). 2 Only

c). both 1 and 2 d). Neither 1 nor 2

2. Tarapur committee was associated with which one of the following?

a). Special Economic Zone b). Fuller capital Account convertibility

c). Foreign exchange reserves d). Effect of oil prices on the Indian Economy


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3. Who among of the following served as the chief economist of the InternationalMonetary Fund?

a). Ashok Lahiri b). Sumantra Ghosal

c). Saumitra Chaudhuri d). Raghuram Rajan

4. Participatory Notes ( PNs) are associated with which one the following ?

a). consolidate fund of India b).Foreign Institutional Investors

c).United Nations Development Programme d). Kyoto protocol.

5. Consider the following statements :

a) The repo rate is the rate which other banks borrow from reserve Bank of India.

b). A Value of 1 for Gini Coefficient in a country implies that there is perfectly equal incomefor every one in its

populations.

Which of the following statements given above is / are correct?

a). 1 only b). 2 only

c). Both 1 or 2 c). Neither 1 or 2

6. MCA -21 is a major initiate taken up by the Government of India in which one of the following areas?

a). Foreign Direct investment in India b). Attracting international tourism

c). e-governance d). Modernization of Airports

7. Which one of the following is the correct sequence in the decreasing order ofcontribution of different

sectors to the Gross domestic product of India?

a). Service Industry Agriculture b). Service Agriculture Industry

c). industry service Agriculture d). Industry Agriculture Service


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8. with the reference of the steel industry in India in the recent times , considerthe following

statements:

a). Vizag steel Plant ( RINL ) has been declared Mini Ratna

b). Merger of IISCO with SAIL has been completed.

Which statements given above are / are correct?


c). Both 1 and 2 d). Neither 1 or 2

9. Basel II relates to which one of the following?

a). International standard for safety in civil aviation

b). Measure against cyber crimes

c). Measure against drug abuse by sport person

d). International Standards for measuring the adequacy of Banks capital.

10. The National Housing Bank was set up in India as a wholly owned subsidiary of whichone of the

following?

a). Sate Bank of India b). ReserveBank of India

c). ICICI Bank c). Life insurance Corporation of India

11. Which one of the following is the correct sequence in the decreasing order ofproduction ( in million

tones ) of the given food grains in India ?

a). Wheat Rice Pulses Coarse Cereals

b). Rice Wheat Pulse- Coarse Cereals

c). Wheat Rice Coarse cereals pulse


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d). Rice Wheat Coarse Cereals Pulse

IAS GS Prelim 2007 Questions Pattern INDIAN POLITY & CONSTITUION

1. Consider the following statement in respect of financial emergency under thearticle 360 of the

constitution of India .

1. A proclamation of Financial emergency issued shall cease to operate at the expiration oftwo months,

unless before the expiration of that period it has been approved by the resolution of bothhouse of

Parliament.

2. If any proclamation of financial emergency is in operation, it is competent for president ofIndia to issue

directions for the reduction of salaries and allowances of all or any class of persons servingin

connection with the affair of the union but excluding the judges of the Supreme Court andthe high

courts.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct?

a) 1 only b). 2 only

c). Both 1 and 2 d). Neither 1 nor 2

2. Which of the constitution Amendment Acts seeks that the size of the Council ofMinisters at the

center and in a state must not exceed 15 percent of the total numbers in the Lok

Sabha and the total

number of members of the legislative Assembly of that state , respectively ?

a). 91st b). 93rd

c). 95th d). 97th


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1. The chairman of the committee on public Accounts is appointed by the speaker of the LokSabha.

2. The committee on Public Accounts Comprise Members of the Lok Sabha , Members ofRajya Sabha,

and a few eminent persons of the industry and Trade.

Which of the statements given above/is are correct.



4. Who is the Speaker of the First Lok Sabha ?

a). Hukam Singh b). G V Mavalankar

c). K M Munshi d). U N Dhebar


1. Jawahar Nehru was in his fourth Term as the Prime minister of India at the time of his death.

2. Jawahar Nehru represented Rae Bareilly constituency as a member of parliament.

3. The First non congress Prime minister of India assumed the office in the year 1977.

Which of the following statements given above is are correct.

a). 1 and 2 only b). 3 Only

c). 1 only d). 1 and 3

6. Which one of the following Pairs is not correctly matched?

a). T S Krishnamurthy : Former Chief Election Commissioner of India

b). K C pant : Chairman , Tenth Finance Commissioner of India

c). A M Khusro : Former Chairman, Union Public Service Commission


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d). R C Lahoti : Former Chief Justice of India

7. Consider the Following Statements:

1. The Mode of removal of a judge of a high court in India is same as that of removal of a judge of the

supreme court.

2. After retirement from the office, a permanent Judge of a High Court can not plead or actin any Court

or before any authority in India.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct?



8. Which one of the following is the correct Chronological order of the Formationof the following as full

states of Indian Union?

a) Sikkim Arunachal Pradesh Nagaland Haryana

b) Nagaland Haryana Sikkim Arunachal pradesh

c) Sikkim Haryana Nagaland-Arunachal Pradesh

d) Nagaland Arunachal Pradesh Sikkim Haryana


1. The Judges (Inquiry) Bill 2006 Contemplates to establish a judicial council which willreceive

complaints against Judges of the Supreme Court including the chief Justice of India, Highcourt Chief

Justice and judges.


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2. Under the protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005, a woman can file apetition before

a 1st class Judicial Magistrate.

Which of the statement given above is/ are correct?


c). both 1 and 2 d). Neither 1 or 2

10. Who among the following have been the Union Finance Minister of India.?

1. V P singh 2. R Venktaraman

3. Y B Chavan 4. Pranab Mukherjee

Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

a). 1 , 2 and 3 only b). 1 , 3 and 4 only

c). 2 and 4 only d). 1, 2 , 3 and 4

Direction: The following items consist of two statements, one labeled as the Assertion ( A) and the other as

Reason ( R ) . you are to examine these two statements carefully and select the answers tothese items using the

code given below:

a) Both A and R are true and R is the Correct explanation of A

b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

c) A is true But R is False

d) A is False but R is True

11. Assertion ( A). the Council of Ministers in the Union of India is collectively responsible

both to the Lok sabha

and The Rajya Sabha

Reasons ( R ) : The Members of both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha are eligible to bethe Ministers of

the Unioin.


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IAS General Studies Prelim: INDIAN ECONOMY

No. of Question asked from INDIAN ECONOMY in IAS GS Prelim Paper: 8 to 12 Q

NCERT: Understanding of Basics and Fundamental of INDIAN ECONOMY

9th NCERT: Economics

1. The story of Palampur

2. people as a resource

3. Poverty as a challenge

4. Food Security in India

10th NCERT: Understanding Economic Development

1. Development

2. Sectors of the Indian Economy

3. Money and Credit

4. Globalization and Indian Economy

5. Consumer Rights

11th NCERT: Indian Economic Development

1. Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence

- Low level of Economic Development under the colonial Rule

- Agriculture Sector

- Industrial Sector

- Foreign Trade

- Demographic Condition

- Occupational Structure

- Infrastructure


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2. Indian Economy 1950-1990

- The Goal of Five Year Plans

- Agriculture

- Industry and Trade

- Trade Policy: Import Substitution

3. Liberalization , Privatization and Globalization : An Appraisal

- Background

- Liberalization

- Privatization

- Globalization

- Indian Economy during Reform: An Assessment

4. Poverty

- Who are the poor

- How Are the poor people identified

- The number of poor in India

- What cause poverty?

- Policies & Progrogramme towards poverty Allevation

- Poverty Allevation programme A critical Assessment

5. Human Capital Formation

- What is Human Capital

- Source of Human Capital

- Human Capital and Human development

- Human Capital Formation in India :Great prospects

- Education Sectors in India


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- Future prospects

6. Rural Development

- What is rural Development

- Credit and Marketing in rural Areas

- Agriculture Market system

- Diversification into productive Activities

- Sustainable Development and organic Farming

7. Employment: Growth & other Issues

- Workers & Employment

- Participation of people in Employment

- Self Employed and Hired Workers

- Employment in firms , Factories and Offices

- Growth and changing structure of Employment

- Unemployment

- Government and Employment Generation

8. Infrastructure

- What is infrastructure

- Relevance of infrastructure

- The state of Infrastructure in India

- Energy

- Health

9. Environment and sustainable Development

- Environment : Definition and Function

- State of Indians Environment


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- Sustainable Development

- Strategies for Sustainable development

10. Comparative Development experience of India and Its Neighbour

- Development path

- Demographic Indicators

- Gross Domestic products and Sectors

- Indicators of human development

- Development Strategies An appraisal

12th NCERT: Introductory Macroeconomics

1. National income Accounting

- Some Basic concepts of Macroeconomics

- Method of calculating national income

- Some Macroeconomic Identities

- Goods and prices

- GDP and Welfare

2. Money and banking

- Function of Money

- Demand for Money

- The supply of Money

3. The Government : Functions and scope

- Component of Government Budget

- The Revenue Account

- The Capital Account

- Measure of Government Deficit


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- Fiscal Deficit

- Change in the Government expenditure

- Change in Taxes

- Debt

4. Open Economy Macroeconomics

- The balance of payment

- The Foreign Exchange Market

- The Determination of Income in an open Economy

- Trade deficit, saving & investment


ZOOLOGY

Paper- I


INSTRUCTIONS



SECTION A

1. Write concise account of any three of the following in about 200 words each: 20x3=60

(a) Various types of symmetry found in animal kingdom, with suitable examples.

(b) Comparison of alimentary canal of frog and rabbit

(c) Torsion in gastropoda

(d) Structure and function of thyroid gland along with its regulation.


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2. Explain the status of Protista and parazoa giving their characteristics with suitableexample. 60

3. Explain the metamorphosis in insects and its hormonal regulation. 60

4. Draw well labeled diagram of transverse section of mammalian testis and ovary. Describethe function of

Male and female sex hormones (Testosterone and estrogen) 60

SECTION B

5. Write brief account of any three of the following in about 200 words each: 20x3=60

(a) What is ecological succession? Describe its process in a pod or lake.

(b) Concept of imprinting

(c) Malaria: its vector, pathogen and prevention

(d) Chi-Square and its importance

6. What is pollution? Describe water pollution, its sources and prevention. 60

7. What is sericulture? Describe the tools and materials required for it. Mention differenttypes of silk moth and

varieties of silk common in India. 60

8. a). What is mean, median and mode? Explain the relationship between these threemeasures of central

tendency. 30

b). what is electron microscopy? Mention different types of electron microscopes and theiruse in biology. 30

Paper- II

SECTION-A

1. Different between any three of the following: - 20x3=60

(a) Coincidence and interference

(b) Mitotic and Meiotic Prophase

(c) Substantive and polymorphic variation


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(d) Genera and Species

2. Describe transcription in pro- and eukaryotes. 60

3. Write explanatory notes on the following: - 30x2=60

a). Mobile Genetic Segment

b). Tryptophan Opera

4. Discuss Hardy-Weinberg Law and mention its utility. 60

SECTION-B

5. Explain the importance of any three of the following: - 20x3=60

(a). Structure and function of cyclic AMP

(b). Mechanism of Hormone action

(c). Regeneration

(d). Teratogenesis

6. Discuss active and passive immunity. Mention autoimmune disorders. 60

7. Describe programmed cell death. 60

8. Discuss the role of liver and pancreas in digestion? 60

Psychology - 2000 (Main) (Paper - I)

Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks :300

INSTRUCTIONSEach question is printed both in Hindi and in English.Answers must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you,which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for thepurpose. No mark will be given for the answers written in a medium other than thatspecified in the Admission Certificate.Candidates should attempt questions 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any THREE of theremaining questions selecting at least ONE question from each Section.All questions carry equal marks.


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SECTION 'A'

Q. 1. Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :

(a) What is the basic difference between the experimental and correlational methods ofpsychology?

(b) How do models help in the process of socialization ?

(c) How can the contributions of heredity and environment be isolated in the study ofhuman behaviour.

(d) How can the phenomenon of perceptual defence be demonstrated experimentally ?

Q. 2. Explain how operant conditioning be used to establish behaviour which is notspontaneously emitted by an organism.

Q. 3. Giving an account of Piagets's theory of cognitive development bring out thedifference in the modes of thinking at different stages of development.

Q. 4. What is the theoretical and utilitarian justification of the concepts of aptitude andintelligence

SECTION `B'

Q. 5. Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :

(a) How is perception of inanimate objects different from the person perception ?

(b) What is the importance of discrimination and generalization in learning ?

(c) Is national character a valid concept ?

(d) How experimenter effects and demand characteristics influence the findings of anexperimental study ?

Q. 6. Illustrate and discuss the salient features of motivated behaviour.

Q. 7. Critically examine the optimistic conclusions of humanistic theories regarding humannature and existence.

Q. 8. Discuss the problems encountered in the use of verbal statements as the items ofattitude scales.

Psychology - 2000 (Main) (Paper - II)


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Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks :300

INSTRUCTIONSEach question is printed both in Hindi and in English.Answers must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you,which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for thepurpose. No mark will be given for the answers written in a medium other than thatspecified in the Admission Certificate.Candidates should attempt questions 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any THREE of theremaining questions selecting at least ONE question from each Section.All questions carry equal marks.

SECTION 'A'

Q. 1. Answer any three of the following (each answer should not exceed 200 words) :

(a) Briefly describe the classification of psychological discorders.

(b) Show your acquaintance with atleast am one theory of group behaviour.

(c) Show conceptual relationship between social change and organizational change.

(d) How can cognitive therapy help a person develop his cognition ?

Q. 2. There have been various leadership and management theories and styles. Which oneof them do you consider to be the most suitable in the Indian condition ? Give reasons.

Q. 3. Discuss Maslow's theory of need-hierarchy. Can Maslow's theory be applied-toindustries ?

Q. 4. What is stress? Can you suggest some Indian techniques for stress management ?Elaborate.

SECTION 'B'

Q. 5. Answer any three of the following (each answer should not exceed 200 words) :

(a) Describe the concept of deprivation.

(b) Give your idea about nosological systems of metal disorders.

(c) How can you motivate people to achieve ?

(d) Discuss the impact of television in opinion formation.

Q. 6. Highlight the problems of alcoholism and drug addiction. Suggest measures to fightthem.


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Q. 7. Discuss the psychological theories and contributions of psychology in effectiveadvertising.

Q. 8. What is organizational communication ? What will be the form of organizationalcommunication in the 21st century because of the advent of information technology ?

English - Civil Services Examination - 2002

Time allowed: Three hours Maximummarks: 300

Instructions

Candidates should attempt all questions.

The number of marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question.

Answers must be written in English.

1. Write an essay in about 300 words on any one of the following: (100)

(a) The ways to enrich our regional languages.

(b) Whither Indian democracy today?

(c) Terrorism in India

(d) Science and religion

(e) If I were the Prime minister of India

2. Read the following passage and answer in your own words the questions that follow(5x15=75)

The scientific and technological revolution has brought that fundamental changes in thesocio-economic sphere. The use of diesel engine and electricity and the beginning of the

application of atomic energy have changed the modes of production. These things have ledto the concentration of capital in a few hands. Great enterprises are replacing cottageindustries and small firms. The working classes have certainly benefited economically. Themiracle of production has necessitated the miracle of consumption. Better amenities areavailable at a lower cost. A man can buy anything he wants today, if e can only afford. Butwhat kind of men are needed today for our society? Men who can co-operate in largegroups, men whose tasks are standardized, men who feel free and independent and at thesame time are willing to fit in the social machine without any friction.


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Modern man is faced with a sort of moral and spiritual dilemma. The crisis of values yawnsbefore him. Today the old values are in the melting pot, and the new values have not foundtheir foothold. Man has become the automaton he has contrived; he has lost ownership ofhimself. The discord between the development of positive science on the one hand and thedehumanization of man on the other is the worst crisis of the modern age.

Apart from the economic sphere, the socio-political sphere has not escaped thisstratification and the congruent crisis of values. Since the Renaissance, man has beenstriving for individual rights and self-dignity. But under the present set-up, only two typesof men are found the conditioner and the conditioned. The propaganda officers and theplanning bureaus have almost crushed the 'individual self', and it has resulted in the rise ofthe 'social self'. Due to this pressure, the personality fulfillment or its all-round developmentis denied to many.

(a) What has changed the modes of production today?

(b) What things are being replaced by great enterprises?

(c) What kind of men are needed today for our society?

(d) Why has man become the automaton of his own creation?

(e) Is modern man able to attain personality fulfillment?

3. Make a precise of the following passage in your own language, in about 230 words on thespecial precise-sheets provided. The precise-sheets should be securely fastened inside theanswer book. Indicate the number of words used by you in your precise.

N.B.: Marks will be deducted if your precise is much longer and shorter than the prescribed

length. (75)

"What is the use of a house if you haven't got a tolerable planet to put it on?" asked HenryDavid Thoreau. More than a century later, the Earth seems to be literally falling to pieces -recent environmental set-backs include billions of tones of ices shelves breaking off in theAntarctic and unusually warm temperatures in different part of the world. Panic reactionsrange from predictions of sinking islands to lamenting the ill-effects of global warminginduced by release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The trouble is that we are toomuch obsessed with the problem of climatic change to even acknowledge the fact that thestate of the planet hinges on much more. Climatic change is at best a symptom of a farmore complex malaise, just as a fever is most often only an indicator of something that'sgone awry in our body. It is time for a complete and comprehensive planetary health

check, that will examine the impacts of change in land use, loss of biodiversity, use offertilizers and pesticides and consistent pollution of water bodies. This would overcome thelimitations of evaluating how ecosystems work by reacting to just one major environmentalconcern as is happening in the case of global warming. These considerations have beenresponsible for the setting up of an international panel, the Millennium EcosystemAssessment. Financed by four major international bodies, including the UNO and the WorldBank, the eco-panel was set up without much fuss last June (2001), and is expected todetermine, over a period of our years and at a cost of $21 million, the state of the Earth'secosystems.


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(i) race (ii) hit (iii) play (iv) touch, (v) experiment.

4 (c) Rewrite the following sentences as directed parenthetically: (5)

(i) "Do not make a noise", said the teacher to his students. (Change into indirect form)

(ii) Hari is so short that he cannot touch the ceiling. (Replace 'so' by 'too')

(iii) I gave him a ten-rupee note yesterday. (change into passive voice)

(iv) She bought a house last year. the house is white. (Change into simple sentence).

(v) Hard as as he worked, he failed in the examination. (Use 'though').

5. (a) Correct the following sentences: (10)

(i) He boasts his achievements now and then.

(ii) She is living in this flat since 1995.

(iii) The principal was angry upon the boys.

(iv) Character is more preferable than intelligence.

(v) Krishna hanged all the pictures on the wall.

(vi) The sceneries of Kashmir move me most.

(vii) Cattle is grazing in the field.

(viii) Hari is going foreign next month.

(ix) She knew that I am leaving the place.

(x) His elder brother gave him many good advices.

5. (b) Of the words given in brackets, choose the one you think appropriate to fill in theblanks: (10)

(i) The road accident proved to be ______ (fateful, fatal)

(ii) He got a ________ opportunity to qualify in the test. (gold, golden)

(iii) Faridabad is an ______ city. (industrial, industrious)

(iv) An ashram is a ________ place. (quiet, quite)

(v) Sohan's handwriting is _________ (eligible, illegible)


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(vi) We should not disturb the ___________ of his mind. (piece, peace)

(vii) You should ____ an example to strengthen your viewpoint. (site, cite)

(viii) Akbar was an ______ to Humayun. (hair, heir)

(ix) Rajasthan is a well known ___________ (desert, dessert)

(x) The _______ turned me out of the class. (principle, principal).

5. (c) Use of the following phrases in sentences so as to bring out their meaning: (5)

(i) bring about

(ii) call names

(iii) run out

(iv) by leaps and bounds

(v) lame excuse


GENERAL STUDIESPaper- I


INSTRUCTIONS

Candidates should attempt all question strictly in accordance with the instructions givenunder each questions. The

number of marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question.

1. Answer anyone of the following questions (in about 250 words): 30

(a) What was the character of social religious reforms in the 19th Century and how did theycontribute to the national

awakening in India?


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(b) The crisis of the colonial order during 1919 and 1939 was directly linked to theconstitutional reforms,

disillusionment and militant anti-colonial struggles. Elucidate.

2. Answer any two of the following questions (in about 150 words each) : 15x2 = 30

(a) What are the salient features of the Government of India Acts of 1858 and 1909?

(b) Do you think Mahatma Gandhi's support to Khilafat Movement had diluted his secularcredentials? Give your

argument based o

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