How do you legally create social change?

The Power of Individuals and Grassroots Movements

What they didn’t teach you in grade school about Dr. King

• strong opponent of the Vietnam War

• supporter of war on poverty

• arrested and beaten

• accusations

• infidelities

• FBI and the CIA

• assassination conspiracies

“Life's most urgent question is: what are you doing for others?”

I. INIROruTTCN

A. Lhe.,ld,sslqg Of ,Irc T#illFoJEg

1. the Problen

&r NsvEr$er 1, 1975, llllllarD C. Sulllvan, &rer

Asslstgrt Dlrector, hstl.e Inteltl.Bence Dlvlslcr,

Fe&ral &seau of lrrvesdgadrn, tesdfi€d before the

Senace Select Ccrn'tttee to Snrty Goverrcncal Operat{,mstrlth Respect to IntelLLgenca Actlvldes. Ile rclsted that

fr'6 late 1953 and ccncfndng rntlt the essasslngclerr of

Dr. t{artfn l-uther Rlng, Jn . KJng nas r.he target of an

lntenshe c4atgn by rne F.B.I. to nestr&ffze hls 8s gr

effeetlw dvll rf$rrc leader. SulUrrarr ststed t]ar tn

the rnar egalnsc Kfng 'Nt holds rlere berred." (Saate

Ecpcrrt lb. 9b755, IY,nal Seporc of the Select Cosd,ttee

. to SErrrft Gcnrcmcrrtal 0p€ratJcrrs wlt$ Respect to

IntelEgence Acdvfd€s, Bock II, p, 11). thls srd otlrer

testlury descrtblng, thls F.B.I. cornterlntelllgmce

cryalgn agafns! Klrg reached r.he pr$ftc througfi tlre

news p+<lle. As a ccrlseg\Ence there $as a re8eneratlcr of

the rridespread gpeqd^atlm m t}re posslblllty thet the

ereau uy trarn had sG, r€sponslbltlty tn Dr. Rlng'r.

&atlr and uy not ha\te dare n &partlal ard tlro"prdl

tmnsctgadorr of the sssasslnatlcr.

Text

http://foia.fbi.gov/foiaindex/king.htm

LOOK-->

LOOK-->

X and the Nation of Islam

• Why did X and the Nation become popular?

• bio connections

• change can’t be legislated

Similarities and Differences:Martin vs Malcolm

1964

Differences: MLK vs X

• stable, middle class childhood

• non violent direct action

• integration

• use the system

• frustration and depression

• 1963 survey: 88% approval rate

• abuse, foster care, criminal

• whatever means necessary

• separation*

• system is corrupt

• impact of the Hajj

• 1963 survey: 15% approval rate

• powerful public speakers

• (partially) inspired by religion

• took a stand against the status quo

• imprisoned (but for different reasons)

• investigated by the FBI and CIA

• opposed the war in Vietnam

• assassinated for their beliefs (X =1965, MLK=1968)

• inspirational/icons

Similarities

The Black Panther PartyWho were they and what did they do?

Who?

• originally formed in Cali

• BPP for Self Defense

• formed shortly after the assassination of X

• grass roots programs

• secular

• supported all minority groups

• black power!

Huey Newton

Black Panther Programs• police patrol

• breakfast

• day care

• medical care

• reduce street violence

• clothing

• GED

Problems

• the media (image vs impact)

• COINTELPRO

• role of white people

• arrest of founding member

• police shoot outs

"the greatest threat to the internal security of the country"--J. Edgar Hoover