circulatory system
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEMCIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Prepared by:MARICARR D. ALEGREPrepared by:MARICARR D. ALEGRE
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Circulatory System• Also known as the body’s transport system
• Its main function are to deliver food and oxygen to the cells and to pick up the cells waste material and carbon dioxide
• It is consist of the • Blood• Blood vessels• Heart
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The HEARTThe HEART
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• A muscular pump located between the lungs and above your diaphragm
• It can pump up to 10,000 liters of blood daily
• It can contract and relax 70 times a minute
• In average persons life the heart can beat 2.5 billion times
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Parts and Functions of the HeartParts and Functions of the Heart
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PERICARDIUM• Protective membrane that
surrounds the heart
• Its just like the skin of the heart
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Chambers of the HeartChambers of the Heart
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CHAMBERS OF THE HEART
• 1. ATRIA• The collecting chambers of the heart
(a)Right atrium
(b)Left atrium
2. VENTRICLE
pumping chamber of the heart
(a) right ventricle
(b) left ventricle
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ATRIUM
1.RIGHT ATRIUM- collects blue unoxygenated
blood from the body
2. LEFT ATRIUM- collects oxygenated blood from
the lungs
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VENTRICLE1. RIGHT VENTRICLE
- pumps unoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation
2. LEFT VENTRICLE
- pumps oxygenated blood to the different parts of the body
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MAJOR BLOOD VESSELS ON THE HEART
1. SUPERIOR VENA CAVA- located at the upper part of the heart
which serves as the passage way of unoxygenated blood from your head and arms
2. INFERIOR VENA CAVA- located on the lower part of the heart
which is the pathway of unoxygenated blood from the lower part of the body
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MAJOR BLOOD VESSELS ON THE HEART
3. PULMONARY ARTERY- carries deoxygenated blood from the
right ventricle to the lungs
4. PULMONARY VEIN- brings back oxygenated blood from the
lungs to your heart
5. AORTA- the largest artery in your body
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VALVES• Prevents the backflow of blood
(a)TRICUSPID VALVE
- between the right atrium and right ventricle
(b) BICUSPID VALVE
-between the left atrium and left ventricle
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VALVES
( C ) PULMONARY SEMILUNAR VALVE
- between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
( d ) AORTIC SEMILUNAR VALVE
- between the left atrium and aorta
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SEPTUM
• muscular wall that divides the heart into left and right
• Prevents the crossing of blood
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THE BLOODTHE BLOOD
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• It circulates throughout the body, feeding, supplying and even defending the cells or tissues that make up your body
• Your blood consist of the liquid part, plasma, and the solid components, blood cells
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BLOOD PLASMA• It comprises 50 to 60 percent of your
blood• The clear yellowish liquid part is
called the serum • It transports your blood cells
particularly the red blood cells• It also contains an antibodies which
protect your body from infection
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BLOOD CELLSBLOOD CELLS
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RED BLOOD CELLS• Also called erythrocytes• Very small, round disc shape cell
which are thinned out at the center
• It is formed in the bone marrow• It contains hemoglobin which
gives it the red color
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RED BLOOD CELLS
• It is the one responsible for carrying the oxygen to the different parts of the body and picking up the carbon dioxide
• It also contains an antigens which determines the blood type
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WHITE BLOOD CELLS
• Also called leucocytes• They protect the body
against foreign invading substances like bacteria
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WHITE BLOOD CELLS
2 TYPES
1. PHAGOCYTES – engulf foreign substances
2. LYMPHOCYTES – produce antibodies to attack your body enemies
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PLATELETS• Also called thrombocytes• It helps to plug leaks in
broken capillary walls• For tissue repair
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BLOOD VESSELSBLOOD VESSELS
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1. ARTERY – carry the blood away from the heart
2. VEINS - carry the blood towards the heart
3. CAPILLARIES - conjunction between them
- the smallest blood vessel
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BLOOD TYPESBLOOD TYPES
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Blood Recipie
nt
Type A Type B Type AB
Type O
Type A ( has anti-B)
No clumping clumping clumping No clumping
Type B ( has anti-A)
clumping No clumping clumping No clumping
Type AB (neither A
nor B)
No clumping No clumping No clumping No clumping
Type O (both anti A and B)
clumping clumping clumping No clumping