CHRONIC SINUSITIS IN MALAYSIA

NAQIBAH AFIQAH BINTI NADZRINURLINA BINTI WANSHAH

OVERVIEWCategories : acute, chronic, mild, severe, life threatening

Chronic sinusitis - Long term inflammation of sinuses - more than 4 weeks. Keep returning after

treatmentVs acute sinusitis – a short term sinus infection usually caused by viruses or bacteria ()

Most cases in Malaysia – non infectious, inflammatory type

STATISTICS Common problem worldwide

8 out of 10 people have mild sinusitis

60-65% from 28,310,000 Malaysians have this problem[2]

37 millions Americans have sinusitis

11,212 171 Czechs have sinusitis [1]

HOW?

Allergy/Inflammation/Bone deformation ↓

sinus obstruction ↓

excess mucous not removed quickly enough ↓

infection of bacteria

ETHIOLOGY/CAUSES Living condition : Dust and cold (swollen turbinates via excess mucous)

Diet : seafood Malaysian are fans of seafood products such as belacan (fermented prawn paste), cencalok and budu(fermented anchovies)

Lifestyle : use of air conditioner and fan, swimming and dipping

Anatomy : tumor in nasal cavity, nasal septum deviation, large conchae, bone deformation (automobile accidents)

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Runny nose in the morningGreenish or yellowish mucous more than 3 monthsFrequent sneezingBad breathAcneSevere headacheFacial painWatering eyesFever

*symptoms usually occur in the morning

COMPLICATIONS

1. Orbital complications. High risk of blindness!!!

2. Intracranial complications - meningitis

3. Vascular complications

4. Asthma

5. Loss of smell and taste

6. Osteomyelitis

TREATMENTGoals of treatment : relieving the symptoms, restoring and improving sinus function, preventing complications, and eliminating the cause

1. reduce swelling and open blocked sinuses. Inhaling steam and using nasal saline spray washes, decongestants (oral, nasal)

2. Allergy medications : antihistamines, decongestants, and anti-inflammatory medications.

3. endoscopic surgery : to widen the sinus openings, removal of nasal polyps and other structural blockages, correction of deviated septum

4. Alternative treatments in Malaysia : leech therapy, 5. Prevention is better than cure! Reduce intake of

seafood products. Reduce open fire. Frequent dusting of the house.

REFERENCES1. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/s/sinusitis/stats-country.htm2. http://www.klik4sihat.com/penyakit-resdung-sinusitis.html3. http://www.american-rhinologic.org/patientinfo.sinusitiscomplications.phtml4. http://symptomchecker.about.com/od/man/other/Diagnoses/chronic-sinusitis-in-

adults.htm#treat5. Flickr.com6. Istockphoto.com