North Hills Junior High SchoolPittsburgh, PA

Senior Thesis Final Presentation 2005

Chris RushLighting / Electrical

Faculty Consultant: Dr. Mistrick

• Building Introduction• Lighting

– Entrance Canopy– Main Lobby– Auditorium– Typical Classroom

• System Comparison• Daylight Study

• Construction Management– Classroom Lighting Estimates– Classroom Lighting Lifecycle Costs

• Mechanical– Auditorium HVAC Evaluation

• Electrical• Conclusion

Presentation Outline

• Site: Hilltop campus with Senior High and athletics• Occupants: North Hills 7th, 8th, and 9th grades• Size: 220,000 sq.ft., 3 stories• Architect & MEP: Burt Hill Kosar Rittelmann• Renovation: 1997-1999

Building Introduction

• Building Introduction• Lighting

– Entrance Canopy– Main Lobby– Auditorium– Typical Classroom

• System Comparison• Daylight Study

• Construction Management– Classroom Lighting Estimates– Classroom Lighting Lifecycle Costs

• Mechanical– Auditorium HVAC Evaluation

• Electrical• Conclusion

Presentation Outline

Entrance Canopy

Main Lobby

Auditorium

Omitted Designs Lighting Depth

• Building Introduction• Lighting

– Entrance Canopy– Main Lobby– Auditorium– Typical Classroom

• System Comparison• Daylight Study

• Construction Management– Classroom Lighting Estimates– Classroom Lighting Lifecycle Costs

• Mechanical– Auditorium HVAC Evaluation

• Electrical• Conclusion

Presentation Outline

Classroom Lighting Depth

• Concepts– Clear– Stimulating

• Considerations– Illuminance

• 50 fc on workplane• 50 fc on chalkboards

– Limited VDT use– Daylight– Power Density

• 1.4 W / sq.ft.

Classroom Lighting Depth

• Option 1 - Recessed– 9” x 4’ parabolic– 2 T8 lamps– 4 Symmetric– 11 Asymmetric

• Option 2 - Pendant– 12” x 4’ Direct / Indirect– 2 T8 lamps– 12 luminaires

Classroom Lighting Depth

Recessed Pendant

Classroom Lighting Depth

• Recessed– 61.5 fc Workplane– 62.6 fc Long Chalkboard– 49.9 fc Short Chalkboard– 1.29 W/sf

• Pendant– 56.7 fc Workplane– 26.9 fc Long Chalkboard– 27.0 fc Short Chalkboard– 1.03 W/sf

• Building Introduction• Lighting

– Entrance Canopy– Main Lobby– Auditorium– Typical Classroom

• System Comparison• Daylight Study

• Construction Management– Classroom Lighting Estimates– Classroom Lighting Lifecycle Costs

• Mechanical– Auditorium HVAC Evaluation

• Electrical• Conclusion

Presentation Outline

Classroom Daylighting Lighting Depth• Daylight Analysis, Radiance

– Daylight conditions• 5 days

– Two-month intervals– June/July omitted

• 3 times– 2.5 hour intervals– 7:30 – 3:00 school day

• 3 sky conditions– Clear, overcast, intermediate– Weighted by weather data

– Electric lighting• 2 lighting systems• 2 zones each

Classroom Daylighting Lighting Depth

36 84 132 180 228 276 324 372 42012

60

108

156

204

X (inches)

Y (in

ches

)

Yearly Average Daylight Illuminance on Workplane (Lux)

0-200200-400400-600600-800800-10001000-12001200-1400

Average: 238 lux Max: 1218 lux Min: 63 lux

Classroom Daylighting Lighting Depth

• Yearly Energy Use Process– Critical point– Dimming %– Power input– Energy per year

• Two situations– Entire room dimmed as one– Only zone nearest window dimmed

Classroom Daylighting Lighting Depth

97711941368Option 2 - Pendant

110714921710Option 1 - Recessed

Partially DimmedAll DimmedUndimmed

Yearly Energy Use (kWh)

• Recessed– 9 undimmed– 6 dimmed

• Pendant– 8 undimmed– 4 dimmed

• Building Introduction• Lighting

– Entrance Canopy– Main Lobby– Auditorium– Typical Classroom

• System Comparison• Daylight Study

• Construction Management– Classroom Lighting Estimates– Classroom Lighting Lifecycle Costs

• Mechanical– Auditorium HVAC Evaluation

• Electrical• Conclusion

Presentation Outline

Classroom Estimates CM Breadth

• Cost considerations– Ceiling construction

• Recessed / Pendant• Irregular layout

– Fixture costs– Wiring runs– Dimming system cost

• Control wiring• Dimming ballasts• Photosensor and controls

Classroom Estimates CM Breadth

52.980.7total hours$6,262$6,043total cost

UNDIMMED

12.117.8wiring time

12.621.1fixture time

28.241.9ceiling time

$688$928wiring cost

$3,993$3,030fixture cost

$1,581$2,085ceiling cost

PENDANTRECESSED

UNDIMMED SUMMARIES

54.082.3total hours$7,750$7,754total cost

DIMMED

1.081.59control wire time

$780$975dimming ballast cost

$650$650daylight controls

$59$86control wire cost

PENDANTRECESSED

ADDITIONAL DIMMING COSTS

• Building Introduction• Lighting

– Entrance Canopy– Main Lobby– Auditorium– Typical Classroom

• System Comparison• Daylight Study

• Construction Management– Classroom Lighting Estimates– Classroom Lighting Lifecycle Costs

• Mechanical– Auditorium HVAC Evaluation

• Electrical• Conclusion

Presentation Outline

Classroom Lifecycle Cost CM Breadth

• Building Life Cycle Cost 5.3 (NIST)– FEMP energy analysis– 25 year lifecycle– Pendant / Recessed, Dimmed / Undimmed

• First costs• Energy use ($0.08375 per kWh)

– Maintenance and replacement omitted• Assumed constant between systems• Comparison only

Classroom Lifecycle Cost CM Breadth

Recessed DimmedRecessed Undimmed

$9,938$2,184 $7,754 $9,417$3,374 $6,043 TotalEnergyFirst CostTotalEnergyFirst Cost

Pendant DimmedPendant Undimmed

$9,678$1,928 $7,750 $8,961$2,699 $6,262 TotalEnergyFirst CostTotalEnergyFirst Cost

25 year lifecycle

• Building Introduction• Lighting

– Entrance Canopy– Main Lobby– Auditorium– Typical Classroom

• System Comparison• Daylight Study

• Construction Management– Classroom Lighting Estimates– Classroom Lighting Lifecycle Costs

• Mechanical– Auditorium HVAC Evaluation

• Electrical• Conclusion

Presentation Outline

Classroom Comparison Conclusion

$9,678$8,961$9,938$9,41725 Yr. Total Cost$1,928$2,699$2,184$3,37425 Yr. Energy Cost54.052.982.380.7Labor Time$7750$6262$7754$6043First Cost977136811071710Yearly Energy (kWh)

26.9, 27.062.6, 49.9Chalkboard Illuminance (fc)56.761.5Workplane Illuminance (fc)

DimmedUndimmedDimmedUndimmed

PendantRecessed

• Other factors– Aesthetics– Suspension height– Daylight dimming reliability

Classroom Comparison Conclusion

• Recommendations– Recessed

• Superior chalkboard lighting• Minimal cost difference• Preferred appearance• No height issues

– Undimmed• Lack of savings• Potential unreliability

Thank You

• Faculty– Dr. Mistrick– Dr. Moeck– Professor Parfitt

• Industry consultants– Ed Wunderley– Discussion board members

• Family and Friends

Questions

0.114$6.791" conduit per LF

0.00889$0.48control wiring per LF

0.00727$0.33#12 wiring per LF

0.017variescarrier channels per SF

0.016$0.52ceiling labor per SF

time in labor$0.82ceiling material per SF

pre-installed$65.00added cost of Mark VII ballast

timecost

1.5LF of wire per LF conduit

(with 5% waste)854.7area

CONSTANTS

1.0531.404hours per fixture

$0.51$0.58cost of carrier channels per SF

$42.75$57.00labor cost per fixture

$290$145material cost per fixture

12ceiling labor multiplier

121.3125178.875feet of control wire

242.625357.75feet of wire

80.875119.25feet of conduit

1215# of fixtures

PENDANTRECESSED

QUANTITIES AND COSTS

52.980.7total hours

$6,262$6,043total cost

UNDIMMED

12.117.8wiring time

12.621.1fixture time

28.241.9ceiling time

$688$928wiring cost

$3,993$3,030fixture cost

$1,581$2,085ceiling cost

PENDANTRECESSED

UNDIMMED SUMMARIES

54.082.3total hours

$7,750$7,754total cost

DIMMED

1.081.59control wire time

$780$975dimming ballast cost

$650$650Wattstopper controls

$59$86control wire cost

PENDANTRECESSED

ADDITIONAL DIMMING COSTS