china bce
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China BCE. Introduction to what we will be learning about. Geographical Influences. Mountains, sea, and desert provide some protection and isolation Vulnerable to northwest - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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China BCE
Introduction to what we will be learning about
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Geographical Influences
Mountains, sea, and desert provide some protection and isolation
Vulnerable to northwest River valleys 1. Yellow(Huang Ho) earliest
civilization - damaging floods 2. Yangtze- very important in unification- transportation- irrigation
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Earliest Civilizations- most isolated
Earliest- Neolithic- Ban Po- similar to other parts of the world/ one of the oldest
Shang Dynasty 1500-11 BCE in No China along the Huang Ho- raised silk worms- silk part of lure and fascination of China, famous for bronze sculpture, daggers, jade jewelry paid homage to ancestors- family important
Chou (Zhou) 1027-256-longest-developed foundations for Chinese society
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Ancient China Way of Life- Confucianism
Moral and ethical code highly developed treat everyone with consideration
Advocated paternalistic government Value on family head- ancestor respect Values- loyalty, righteousness, wisdom,
sincerity very practical and humanistic Gentility
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Daoism (Taoism)LaoTzu (Lao Zi)
contemporary of Confucius Tao= the road way Absolute=sum of existence Goal to bring people into harmony very introspective not as influential as Confucius
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Zhou (Chou) Dynasty (cont)
Feudal society- emperor gave out fiefs Shang thought they had a divine right-
Chou rulers had responsibility Zhou did take title “Son of Heaven” compared to medieval Europe- had a code
for dress, fighting etc. no contracts
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Ancient Philosophies
About 500BCE Buddha, Confucius, Greek Philosophers and Chinese - Lao Tze
Called a flowering period India more concerned with cosmos and soul China more concerned with ethical life on
earth Ironic comparison of Asoka and Shi
Huangdi
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Qin (Ch’in) Dynasty 221-206 BCE
dominated by “The First Emperor” Qin Shi Huangdi (Chin Shi Huang Ti) ambitious= understatement centralized the government- rid of feudal
lords constructed roads and canals The Great Wall- sacrifice AND An amazing tomb found in 20th Cen
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Han Dynasty 202BCE-220 CE(Roman Times)
Similar: built cities, officials to carry out edicts, heavy taxes collapsed under invasions and internal revolts
contact along the Silk Road, Buddhist Missionaries to China
combination of Confucius and legalism advanced in science and literature invented rudder, paper, magnetic compass,
acupuncture Short period of Civil War- Sui Dynasty
connected two rivers with canal- over extended
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Tang Dynasty 618-907 CE Contributions
Internal renewal(improved lives of people) and external expansion
Used formal civil service exam to recruit-set up university
Tried to equalize land holdings- fought corruption
literature and art flourished- Tang horses p 203
Inventions- paper during Han- used for clothes and tp- 589 used for writing- invented printing, gun powder, encyclopedia
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Song(Sung) Dynasty 960-1279
moved the capitol east- economic expansion- used paper money, used abacus- Silk Road traffic at height
– when dangerous went to sea routes– first period of great oceanic commerce– trades tea, silk and porcelain for exotic woods
and precious stones
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The MongolsNomadic peoples
Loosely organized clans in a state of stress Genghis Kahn- son of impoverished noble
with army of less than 130,000 conquered Asia
mastered military tactics on horseback- pursue and ambush, firelance, took China
Kublai Kahn- grandson Yuan dynasty at Peking- adopted Chinese ways- lasted 100 years- gave way to Ming dynasty