child labour (pptminimizer)

8/7/2019 child labour (PPTminimizer)

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Made By :Made By :- - ShivamShivam GoyalGoyal

SachitSachit

CASTE SYSTEMCASTE SYSTEM


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Child LabourChild LabourWhat Do you Know?

What does Child LabourWhat does Child Labour

mean?mean?

Are there laws that protect theAre there laws that protect therights of children?rights of children?

Which continent do you thinkWhich continent do you thinkhas the largest percentage of has the largest percentage of Child Labour?Child Labour?

Source: www.stolenchildhoods.org


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Child LabourChild LabourDefinition

AA childchild labourlabour

is under the age of fourteen.is under the age of fourteen.

receives extremely little pay.receives extremely little pay.

is a hazard to a Child s mental, physical,is a hazard to a Child s mental, physical,social, educational, emotional andsocial, educational, emotional andspiritual development.spiritual development.

has no option to leave the situation.has no option to leave the situation.

has no access to education or healthhas no access to education or health

care.care.

Source: BBC


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Child LabourChild LabourDefinition

Who isWho is childchild ??

International conventions define children as aged 18International conventions define children as aged 18and under.and under.Individual governments may define "child" accordingIndividual governments may define "child" accordingto different ages or other criteria.to different ages or other criteria."Child" and "childhood" are also defined differently"Child" and "childhood" are also defined differentlyby different cultures. A "child" is not necessarilyby different cultures. A "child" is not necessarilydelineated by a fixed age. Social scientists point out delineated by a fixed age. Social scientists point out that children s abilities and maturities vary so muchthat children s abilities and maturities vary so muchthat defining a child s maturity by calendar age canthat defining a child s maturity by calendar age canbe misleading.be misleading.


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Child LabourChild LabourBasic Facts

E stimates cite figures of between 60 and 115 million workingE stimates cite figures of between 60 and 115 million workingchildren in Indiachildren in India ---- the highest number in the world.the highest number in the world.

Starting as young as age five, they earn from nothing at all toStarting as young as age five, they earn from nothing at all toaroundaround RsRs. 400. 400

One in every six children aged 5 to 17 worldwide is exploited byOne in every six children aged 5 to 17 worldwide is exploited bychild labor.child labor.

There are approximately 9 million children involved in theThere are approximately 9 million children involved in theunconditional worst forms of child labor that we call slavery.unconditional worst forms of child labor that we call slavery.

Source: H uman Rights Watch 1996, 1Source: www.hrw.orgSource: Investing in Every Child: An Economic Study of the Costs and Benefits of Eliminating Child Labor. 2004 Geneva: International Labor Organization.Source: UNICEF. www.unicef.org/protection/index_childlabour.html (May 2, 2004) .


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Child LabourChild LabourWhere It Occurs

Source: UNICEF. (May 2, 2004) .


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Forced LaborForced Laborto extract work or service

from any person using thethreat of penalties.

Debt BondageDebt Bondagedebt bondage occurs when an individual is pledged into

slavery as collateral on a loan or to pay a debt.Sometimes parents will pledge their children or theentire family into debt bondage.It is nearly impossible to pay off debt because additionaldebt is constantly accrued through additional expenses,such as food and lodging.

Child LabourChild LabourForms of Child Labour

Source: BBC


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Child LabourChild LabourForms of Child Labour

I nvisible Child LabourI nvisible Child LabourChildren work in the unorganizedor/and informal sector .They do not come under thepurview of law .

They constitute a substantialproportion of the child labour in thecountry.M ost of them do not go to school.


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Child LabourChild LabourAgricultural Child Labour

Of nearly 250 million children engaged inOf nearly 250 million children engaged inchildchild labourlabour around the world, the vast around the world, the vast majoritymajority 70 percent, or some 170 million70 percent, or some 170 millionare working in agriculture. Child agriculturalare working in agriculture. Child agriculturalworkers frequently work for long hours inworkers frequently work for long hours inscorching heat, haul heavy loads of produce,scorching heat, haul heavy loads of produce,are exposed to toxic pesticides, and sufferare exposed to toxic pesticides, and suffer

high rates of injury from sharp knives andhigh rates of injury from sharp knives andother dangerous tools. Their work is gruelingother dangerous tools. Their work is gruelingand harsh, violating their rights to health,and harsh, violating their rights to health,education, and protection from work that iseducation, and protection from work that ishazardous or exploitative.hazardous or exploitative.


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Child LabourChild LabourAgricultural Child Labour

According to theAccording to the ILO'sILO's new report on childnew report on childlabourlabour, the number of children working in, the number of children working inagriculture is nearly ten times that of agriculture is nearly ten times that of children involved in factory work such aschildren involved in factory work such asgarment manufacturing, carpet garment manufacturing, carpet- -weaving, orweaving, orsoccersoccer--ball stitching. Yet despite theirball stitching. Yet despite their

numbers and the difficult nature of theirnumbers and the difficult nature of theirwork, children working in agriculture havework, children working in agriculture havereceived little attention compared to childreceived little attention compared to childlabourlabour in manufacturing for export.in manufacturing for export. Source:Source: childlabor.inchildlabor.in


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HealthHealth :: child labours are easily replaced; it ismore expensive to nurse a sick child to healththan to hire a new labourer. Consequently,children rarely get medical or psychologicalattention if needed.

EducationEducation :: child labours are often denied accessto education. Thus, even if they escape labouring,they do not have the skills necessary for higher-paying jobs.

Family TiesFamily Ties :: child labourers are often remainsseparate from their families and use to pass muchof their time at workplace. Due to this fact theyare highly emotionally imbalanced, Physicallyweak and socially backward. E ven if thesechildren escape from labouring, their families stillmay not welcome them home.

Child LabourChild LabourEffect on Children

Source: Jon Warren via Hamline University


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P overtyP overty :: Children who live in extreme poverty are most susceptible tolabourers.

Tradition:Tradition: Some parents view their children as property over which theyhave the right to control.

Control:Control: Children are attractive labourers because they are easier thanadults to manipulate and control.

Cheap and Replaceable:Cheap and Replaceable: The average child labourer today costs lessthan Rs. 500 per month. Overpopulation in some regions mean there is anabundant supply of children who are available for labourers.

P hysical Size:P hysical Size: Because they are smaller than adults, child labourers aremore desirable for certain tasks such as weaving rugs and picking cocoa.

Child LabourChild LabourWhy Does It Exist?


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Child LaborChild Labor (P rohibition and(P rohibition and

Regulation) Act 1986Regulation) Act 1986seeks to prohibit employment of childrenbelow 14 yearsin hazardous occupations and processes andregulates the working conditions in otheremployments.Recently, Government has also decided toinclude childrenworking as domestic servants and thoseworking in dhabas/roadside eateries/motelsetc. in the category of hazardousoccupations.

Child LabourChild LabourIndian Law



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EducateEducate yourself about Childyourself about Child labourlabour..

ContactContact local, state, and nationallocal, state, and nationalpoliticians for support against Childpoliticians for support against Child labourlabour..

Write letters asking for their opinion onWrite letters asking for their opinion onChildChild labourlabour..

TalkTalk to your parents about Childto your parents about Child labourlabour..E ducate the adults in your life!E ducate the adults in your life!

AdvocateAdvocate for Childfor Child labourlabour awareness!awareness!Begin a social awareness/ human rights club.Begin a social awareness/ human rights club.

Child LabourChild LabourWhat Can We Do?



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child labour (pptminimizer)

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