chemtronics green stp ad+

High Rate Anaerobic Digester (HRAD)

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With

Polishing “+” factor Introducing

Contents1. Concept2. process Flow 3. how it can optimize AD+4. design principals5. treatment efficiency6. operation and maintenance7. Applicability8. advantages and disadvantages9. site photos, client list & References

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Background and working principal (adapted from U.S. EPA 2006, SASSE 1998)

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1. Concept & Process Overview

Cut-away view and longitudinal section of an ABRSource: SANIMAS (2005), MOREL & DIENER (2006)

• physical and biological (anaerobic) treatment of wastewater

• integrated sedimentation chamber for pre-treatment of

wastewater• alternating standing and hanging baffles• wastewater passes through the sludge to

move to the next compartment

• solid retention time (SRT) separated from hydraulic retention time (HRT)

• high treatment rates due to enhanced contact of incoming wastewater with residual sludge and high solid retention

• low sludge production

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2. How it can optimize AD+

• treatment of all wastewater (grey, black and/or industrial sewage waste water) that it is fit (after secondary & tertiary treatment) for reuse and/or safe disposal

• advance tertiary & water treatment makes this treated sewage water suitable for potable & non-potable industrial use, construction, irrigation, cooling tower, flushing etc.

• allows for recovery of biogas, which can be used as a

substitute to e.g. LPG or fuel wood in cooking

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3. Design principals – Core Primary & Secondary TreatmentAD+ start with oil & grease trap & settling chamber for larger solids and impurities (SASSE 1998) followed by series of at least 2 (MOREL & DIENER 2006), sometimes up to 5 (SASSE 1998) up-flow chambers & anaerobic filter.

Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) is relatively short and varies from only a few hours up to two or three days (FOXON et al. 2004; MOREL & DIENER 2006; TILLEY et al. 2008)

up-flow velocity is the most crucial parameter for dimensioning, especially with high hydraulic loading. It should not exceed 2.0 m/h (SASSE 1998; MOREL & DIENER 2006).

organic load <3 kg COD/m3/day. Higher loading-rates are possible with higher temperature and for easily degradable substrates (SASSE 1998)

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3. Design principals – Polishing Basic & Advance Tertiary Treatment

polishing basic tertiary treatment uses disinfection & sediment filtration.

advance tertiary treatment like ozonation, ultra filtration, ultra-violet & reverse osmosis is used independently or in combination to treat post AD water to suite reclaimed water parameters.

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4. Treatment efficiency

Treatment performance of AD+ is in the range of

• Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal : 65% to 90%• Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) removal : 70% to 97%• Total Suspended Solids (TSS) removal : 70 % to 90%

• Pathogen reduction : 100 %Superior to BOD-removal efficiency of conventional septic tank (30%

to 50%)

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5. Operation and maintenance• inoculate („seed“) AD with active anaerobic sludge from

e.g. septic tank to speed up start-phase• allow bacteria to multiply, by starting with 1/4 of daily flow,

and then increasing loading rates over 3 months • long start-up time do not use AD when need for treatment

is immediate• check for water-tightness regularly and monitor scum and

sludge levels• remove sludge every 1 to 3 years (preferably by vacuum

truck or gulper to avoid that humans get in direct contact with sludge)

• leave some active sludge in each compartment to maintain stable treatment process

• take care of advanced treatment and/or safe disposal of sludge

Source: adapted from SASSE 1998, TILLEY et al. 2008, EAWAG/SANDEC 2008

Examples 1

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Use of “straight handle” (left) and “Z-handle” (right) brushes for cleaning of down-ward pipesSource: K.P. Pravinjith

5. Operation and maintenance

Examples 2

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Measuring sludge levelsSource: K.P. Pravinjith

5. Operation and maintenance

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6. Applicability

• be installed in every type of climate, although efficiency is affected in colder climates (TILLEY et al. 2008)

• suited for household level or for small neighbourhood as DEWATS (Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System) (EAWAG/SANDEC 2008)

• suited for industrial wastewaters• be designed for daily inflows in a range of some m3/day up to several

hundreds of m3/day (FOXON et al. 2004; TILLEY et al. 2008)

• in general, installed underground and therefore appropriate for areas where land is limited

• been pre-fabricated from e.g. fibreglass and used as final step for emergency sanitations (BORDA 2009)

Cont.•Long life – at least 100 years•needs expert design•Biogas can be recoverd

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Advantages:•extremely stable to hydraulic

shock loads •high treatment performance•simple to construct•low operating cost•low space required – being

subsoil•60%-90% low electrical

requirements•low sludge generation•No foul odour

7. Advantages :

Example 1

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Biogas settler as settlement compartment (near completion) at Pestalozzi School, ZambiaSource: http://www.germantoilet.org/

8. Concept

Example 2

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The AD under construction, down pipes and perforated slabs to support filter media in the Anaerobic Filter (AF) sections, pouring AD’s concrete slab at Pestalozzi School, Zambia

Source: http://www.germantoilet.org/

8. Concept

Example 3

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AD (part of DEWATS) at Adarsh Vidyaprasarak Sanstha’s College of Arts & Commerce, IndiaSource: N. Zimmermann

8. Concept

Example 4

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AD (part of DEWATS) at Sunga Wastewater Treatment Plant, Kathmandu, NepalSource: N. Zimmermann

8. Concept

Example 5

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AD Tank at Vascon Engg Ltd for Labour Camp 45 CMD Sewage Treatment Plant, Mumbai, IndiaSource: Chemtronics

8. Concept

Example 6

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Ozonator & Polishing Equipments at Vascon Engg Ltd for Labour Camp 45 CMD Sewage Treatment Plant; reclaimed water used for construction & concrete

curing, Mumbai, IndiaSource: Chemtronics

8. Concept

Example 7

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AD+ Tank with pipe grid & Advance tertiary plant , reclaimed water of potable quality, used in industrial production -12 CMD Sewage Treatment Plant, Craftmann Automation , Indor,

IndiaSource: Chemtronics

8. Concept

Example 8

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8. ConceptManipal Hospital - BangaloreVolume: 600m3/dayIn use since: June 2008Discharge standard: BOD <10mg/l Reuse: Toilet flushing

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Model no. Capacity AD Tank Area Plant Room Power

AD+/STP-20 20CMD 50 m2 x 3.0 m (D) 6.0 m2 x 3.0 m (H) 1.0 kW

AD+/STP-35 35 CMD 90 m2 x 3.0 m (D) 7.0 m2 x 3.0 m (H) 1.0 kW









8. Available Models [with tertiary treatment]

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Cairn India Limited D G Infrastructure Vascon Engineers Essar Limited

Akash Developer Craftsman Automation Rhythm Realty

Lotus IT Park Yekshashree BeveragesHospital

10. Reference Sites

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11. ReferencesBORDA (2009): EmSan - Emergency Sanitation. An innovative & rapidly installable solution to improve hygiene and health in emergency situations (Concept Note). Bremen: Bremen Overseas Research and Development Association (BORDA)

EAWAG/SANDEC (2008): Sanitation Systems and Technologies. Lecture Notes. (=Sandec Training Tool 1.0, Module 4). Duebendorf: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science (EAWAG), Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (SANDEC)

FOXON, K.M., PILLAY, S., LALBAHADUR, T., RODDA, N., HOLDER, F., BUCKLEY, C.A. (2004): The anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR)- An appropriate technology for on-site sanitation. In=Water SA Vol. 30 No. 5 (Special edition)

MOREL A., DIENER S. 2006. Greywater Management in Low and Middle-Income Countries. Review of different treatment systems for households or neighbourhoods. Duebendorf: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag).

SANIMAS (2005): Informed Choice Catalogue. PPT-Presentation. BORDA and USAID

SASSE, L. (1998): DEWATS Decentralised Wastewater Treatment in Developing Countries. Bremen: Bremen Overseas Research and Development Association (BORDA)

SINGH, S., HABERLA, R., MOOG, O., SHRESTA, R.R., SHRESTA, P., SHRESTA, R. (2009): Performance of an anaerobic baffled reactor and hybrid constructed wetland treating high-strength wastewater in Nepal- A model for DEWATS. In: Ecological Engineering 35. 654-660

TILLEY, E., LUETHI, C., MOREL, A., ZURBRUEGG, C., SCHERTENLEIB, R. (2008): Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies. Duebendorf and Geneva: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science (EAWAG) & Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC)

U.S. EPA (2006): Emerging Technologies for Biosolids Management. (=EPA 832-R-06-005). United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wastewater Management

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