chemistry (mwit’14) - 176mwitpro/form/abstract_eng_mwit14/...chemistry (mwit’14) - 177 -...

Chemistry (Mwit’14) - 176 -

Research Title Ethanol Meter for Gasohol Researchers Mr. Veerasak Srisuknimit Advisors Asst. Prof. Duangjai Nacapricha (Ph. D.) Mr. Natchanon Amornthammarong

(Ph. D.) and Mr. Chaiwat Chueamang Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn School Academic Year 2006

Abstract

In this project, a prototype meter was developed for determination of ethanol in gasohol. The principle is based upon extraction of ethanol from gasohol into aqueous phase, followed by reaction of ethanol with chemicals in aqueous solution. The absorbance of the reaction product is directly proportional to the concentration of ethanol. All processes, including extraction, mixing, chemical reaction and elimination of interferences, are automatically carried out inside an apparatus called ‘Eth-Extractor’. This apparatus is specifically designed for this meter, using the principle of flow of two immiscible liquids and difference in the liquids’ densities. Besides, the apparatus also removes interferents such as plugs of air and gasoline. All meter’s functions are controlled by a microcontroller.

In summary, properties of the developed meter are being small and mobile (18x30x18 cm3), having light weight (5 kilograms) and yielding result in six minutes. The meter consumes only 20 micro liters of gasohol with low error of analysis (SD = 0.62%(v/v) for 10%(v/v)). Production cost of the meter is relatively low (approximately 100,000 baht). When analyzing results of samples from different refineries, using pair t-test (n = 7), the results given by the meter are not significantly different from the results given by gas chromatograph (95% confidence limit).


Research Title Extraction and Study of Efficiency in Foam Dissolving by the Dill Extract Researchers Miss Phattanit Kua-a-roon, Miss Waratchaya Ratanapaiboon and Mr. Thakorn Pruktanakul Advisors Mr. Chaiwat Chue-mang Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Dill is a native plant of Thailand which can be found in every part of the country. According to the study, Dill has Pinene, like Limonene, a derivative substance of Terpene which is capable of dissolving foam. Therefore, we extracted the oil from Dill by using steam distillation. It was found that 1 kg of Dill gives 6.80 g of extract. The extract was then used to dissolve 2x2x1.3 cm3 foam and the velocity of dissolving was measured. Comparing to Benzene, the velocity of dissolving by dill extract which takes 0.15.55 minutes is less than that by Benzene which takes 1.15.17 minutes. Next, we dissolve foam by Dill extract until it is saturated. The result shows that Dill extract dissolves 1.161 g and Benzene dissolves 1.119 g foam. Thus, comparing to Benzene, Dill extract dissolves more foam than Benzene.


Research Title Aromatic Sticks from Green Tea Refuse Researchers Miss ChatChadaphorn Doknangyam, Miss Punyapat Saksupapchon and

Miss Fareeda Sangsri Advisors Mrs. Usa Jeenjenkit, Vise professor Dr. Jittree Potimamaka and

Mr. Jittiwat Yaungket Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

The study of aromatic sticks from green tea refuse has two purposes: to develop the aroma sticks from green tea refuse and to study the properties of the developed green tea aroma sticks. There were two phases of the study: developing aroma sticks from green tea refuse and studying the properties of the developed green tea aroma sticks in term of analyzing the quantity of heat and humidity, and surveying the subjects’ opinions on essence and properties of the aromatic sticks from green tea refuse. According to the study, three essences—the genuine green tea essence; the essence mixed from green tea refuse, Loft’s green tea essential oil and leech lime powder; and the essence mixed from green tea refuse, Diso’s green tea essential oil and leech lime powder—have been developed. The analysis of the green tea aroma sticks’ properties indicated that the average heat value obtained from the green tea refuse was 6,286.22 calorie per gram, and the average humidity value was 7.49%. Moreover, the essence mixed from green tea refuse, Diso’s green tea essential oil and leech lime powder was the most popular. The essence mixed from green tea refuse, Loft’s green tea essence oil and leech lime powder and the genuine green tea essence were ranged respectively. As for the other characteristics of those three essences, their mean scores were higher than 3.5 out of 5. The results from the study can shed light on future research on developing other aromatic products from the green tea refuse.


Research Title Soap from the Chicken Cleaning Water Researchers Mr. Pitiyathorn Watanyutangkul and Mr. Monchai Prechapolsit Advisors Miss Usa JeenJenKit Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

The objective of this project, soap from the chicken cleaning water, is to study the suitable ratio for making and developing the standard, qualified soaps with saponification process. In the project, there are two procedures which mix the ingredients at different proportions and testing the quality of the soaps. First, to make soap, 0.10-0.21 gram NaOH with 1 gram chicken lipid which conforms to the saponification value for making soap from plant or animal lipid was used in the experiment. The second procedure is to test and compare the standard industrial soap quality. In the result, suitable proportion of NaOH and chicken lipid is 0.16-0.17 g and 1 g respectively. According to the test, pH of the soap is between 10.1-10.2. Also, no free alkaline salt found in the soap and it is probably found 0.04 % w/w which is similar to the standard industrial soap quality. Besides, bubble volume and bubble durability test were taken in the experiment. It was found that soaps with 0.16 g and 0.17 g NaOH have the same result. The experimental made soap can decrease the water surface tension force and the capability of surface tension force decreasing varies with concentration of soap solution. Furthermore, the capability of dissolving lipid increases with high concentration of soap.


Research Title The Study of the Efficiency of Cross-Iinked Chitosan to Adsorbed of Phosphate

Researcher Natthaporn Boonchaloeiw and Wannapak Artnarongkorn Advisors Mr. Sarawoot Sang-urai Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Chitosan has a property to adsorb many matters so we study adsorption phosphate on cross-linked chitosan beads by dissolving chitosan in 0.167 M CH3COOH then dropping in 0.2 M NaOH , the product is 2 mm chitosan beads. The experiment has 3 kinds, these are adsorption by non-cross linked chitosan beads , cross-linked chitosan beads by glutardialdehyde and cross-linked chitosan beads by glutardialdehyde and benzaldehyde. We study 3 kinds of chitosan beads adsoption in 4 ppm KH2PO4 . The result in the efficiency to adsorb phosphate by non-cross linked chitosan beads and cross-linked chitosan beads by glutardialdehyde is bad but the efficiency to adsorb phosphate by glutardialdehyde and bezaldehyde is good.


Research Title Film Chitosan-amylose Use in Delay the Fungal Growing Process on Bread Researchers Miss Pimrumpai Moranon and Miss Oranut Komkhum Advisors Mr. Sarawut Saengurai Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

High usage of plastic cling film in Thailand, which causes problems to our environment, leads to the invention of environmental-friendly Chitosan film. But this alternative choice is unfortunately too expensive. An interesting idea is to mix Chitosan with amylose to reduce cost. Chitosan-amylose film is capable of preserving food, easily degradable, and edible. Three types of film is prepared: mixing pure Chitosan with three types of flour which are maize flour, sticky rice flour, and tapioca flour. Then the films were tested in physical properties: film width, water-absorbing expansion, and texture and tested in food-storing capability by wrapping bread with it and wait until the bread become moldy. It is found that Chitosan-maize flour film is most capable for storing food. Next, PVA is added to the film to increase the flexibility. Then, the physical properties and food-storing capability tests are taken again. It is found that Chitosan-maize flour Film has least width, water-absorption expansion of all of the films is significantly the same, and Chitosan-maize flour-PVA film has almost the same capability for food-storing as do Chitosan-maize flour film.


Research Title Studying and Comparing % Yield of Chitin and chitosan from Shrimp’s Bark and Grasshopper.

Researchers Miss Pim Khererat, Miss Patharawadee Leelapatharapan and Mr. Suparerk Narkdirok Advisors Mr. Sarawut Sang-aurai Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Chitin is a crustacean class extract and also a raw material of Chitosan. At this moment its have many benefit to medical science, water treat industry and cosmetic. First extract chitin from many species shrimp's shell such as giant tiger prawn, giant freshwater prawn, Pacific white shrimp and also grasshopper's shell. Eradicate the organic compound in shrimp's shell by using 2 Molar of Hydrochloric acid, stir it for 2 hours at the room temperature. After that eradicate protein by 2 Molar of Sodium hydroxide, stir it for 2 hours at the room temperature. It show that giant freshwater prawn get the highest chitin when we compare with substrate we will get %yield at 19.75 then bring it to synthesize Chitosan. Using sodium hydroxide 50% concentration by mass at the 1:20 ratio stir it for 2 hours at the temperature 140 ± 10 Celsius degree. Found that giant tiger prawn get the highest Chitosan if we compare with Chitin we will get %yield at 98.89. When you compare with giant tiger prawn's shell that have synthesize. It get the highest Chitosan %yield at 8.99


Research Title The Study of the Quality of Biodiesel from Soy been Oil, Palm oil and Used Oil Researchers Miss Kunlathida Rujisansakun, Miss Hatairat Yonpaladyot Advisors Mr. Sarawut Sangaurai Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Biodiesel refers to a diesel-equivalent Biodiesel, processed fuel derived from biological sources such as vegetable oils or animal fats. When Triglyceride, a chemical compound of vegetable oils and animal fats, reacts with base catalysts such as Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) or alcohol, fatty acid and alcohol will transform into Biodiesel and glycerol. This reaction is called “Tran-esterification”. The purpose of this study was to study certain characteristics of Biodiesel of soybean , palm and waste cooking oils with different ratio. The researchers used Hydrometer to find out the API gravity of each kind of Biodiesel. It was found that every kind of Biodiesel regardless of the ratio has an API gravity complied with the Department of Energy Business’s standard. The palm Biodiesel of the ratio of 80:20 has the highest API gravity, 29.74, thus making it the lightest. The soybean Biodiesel of the ratio 90:10 has the lowest API gravity, 25.77; it is therefore the heaviest Biodiesel.


Research Title Biodiesel from Jatropha Curcus Seed Oil Researchers Miss Natha Yungnuek, Miss Pakawadee Wongpraprueddee and Miss Pimkhuan Hannanta-anan Advisors Mr. Sarawut Sangourai Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Nowadays, the use of diesel is rapidly increasing , so alternative energy is the one of interesting choices that can solve this problem. From this reason, this project also study in producing biodiesel from Jatropha Curcus seed oil. To make biodiesel, we have to bring the Jatropha Curcus seed oil formed in triglyceride make through a chemical process called “transesterification” by using methanol blend with the oil ; consequently, methylester, the chemical name for biodiesel, will separated from the oil. Then, take this methylester to mesure the quantity of free fatty acid compared with raw Jatropha Curcus seed oil. As a result, we find that free fatty acid extremely decrease approximately 0.548×10-4 mol/dm3. Next, mix methylester with diesel in 5 vary ratios that is 20:80, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 80:20 and bring products to analyze qualification from specific gravity value. We find that the 20:80 ratio between methylester and diesel has 0.8502 in specific gravity at 15 C, the best ratio in all of example.


Research Title Product of Wiping Spray from Pomelo Peel Oil Researchers Miss Chitinthorn Boonsukjitseree Miss Supanida Hompoonsup Advisors Miss Sasinee Ung-kanont and Mr. Wanlop Khongna Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Pomelo, a family of Citrus, is widely found in Nakorn Pathom. Due to the fact that its skin cannot be eaten, it turns to be the waste. However, citrus peel oil has a property of reducing or even getting rid of cholesterol, a derivative of lipid. It was thus hoped that, with such property, pomelo could be used to rub off other kinds of lipid. Therefore the purpose of this project was to apply that property of pomelo, Citrus maxima (Burm. f.) Merr. (C. grandis (Linn.) Osbeck,, by mixing its peel oil with wiping spray. To find the most appropriate concentration, we then compared the efficiency between normal wiping spray and oil-added wiping spray by sliding an iron cylinder on a smooth surface. It was found that the most appropriate concentration was 1.5% volume by volume.


Research Title The Study of the Efficiency of Lemna perpusila Torr. to Absorb Ion of Zn2+

Researchers Miss Nattida Techanaparuks, Miss Phitchaya Phothilimthana and Miss Penrudee Jintasathaporn Advisors Miss Sasinee Ungkanont Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

The water treatment which uses the water plants is becoming more and more popular today. This is because this natural method, unlike the chemical one, does not pollute the environment, does not cause much expense, and uses the resource for optimal benefit. This project is the study of the way to treat the Zn2+ contaminated water, which is toxic to living organisms, by studying the efficiency of duckweed, water weed in general water resources, in absorbing heavy metal. The Zn2+ solution in which duckweed was grown was calorimetrically analyzed to determine the quantity of absorbed Zn2+ by UV visible spectrophotometer. From the result, it was found that the efficiency of duckweed in absorbing Zn2+ depends on the concentration of Zn2+ solution, the duration of absorption and the circumstance of duckweed’s source. The experiment showed that the optimal concentrations are 5.80-6.22 ppm. Furthermore, the rate of absorption is inversely proportional to the duration of growing duckweed in the solution, and the maximum rate is in the first two day.


Research Title A Study of Eucalyptus Bark Charcoal’s Qualities When Mixed with Charcoals Made from Other Natural Materials

Researchers Mr. Nattorn Benjatikul, Mr. Jirawat Punnawat, and Mr. Tanapong Pooripunpinyo

Advisors Miss Usa Jeenjenkit, Miss Chatuporn Sawatruksa, and Mr. Sorachai Saelim Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

The object of this study is to find materials suitable for producing high quality, cost-efficient charcoal from waste bark produced by the eucalyptus industry. We found that charcoal produced solely from such bark possessed valuable qualities including an absence of significant smell, fly ash or smoke when burned. Hoping to improve heat output, while preserving cost effectiveness, we produced mixes of eucalyptus bark with rice husk, rough saw dust and coconut bark, each in eucalyptus to mix weight ratios of 50:50, 70:30 and 90:10. Per weight, using bomb calorimeter, we found the highest gross heat ratio to be obtained from mixes with coconut bark, 7,510.32 calories per gram, at ratios of 50:50 and the lowest from rice husk, 5,980.25 calories per gram, at ratios of 50:50. The cost by weight of each mix relative to its heat output, both in conventional and cylindrical form, was then considered. The mix with coconut bark was found to be the most cost effective mix tested.


Research Title The Study of the Optimum Temperature for Acetogenic and Acidogenic Bacteria from Straw Fermentation in Anaerobic System

Researchers Mr. Tanawat Geeratrakul, Mr. Pakorn Traiprasertpong and Mr. Pratch Piyawongwisal Advisors Mr. Soontorn Pornchamroen, Miss. Orawan Piyaboon, Assistant Professor

Jittree Potimamaga, and Mr. Kan Panprayul Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

In studying of the optimum temperature for Acetogenic and Acidogenic Bacteria from Straw Fermentation in Anaerobic System, by leavening the straw in at different temperature , 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 42, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58 and 60 ๐C for 7 days and counting colonies of the bacteria in the water samplings from the straw fermentation, it was found that each temperature has its statistical signification and the optimum temperature is 48 degree Celsius with 71.833 average colonies counted. It was also found that the next two inferior temperatures are 46 degree Celsius with 67.000 average colonies counted and 50 degree Celsius with 66.167 average colonies counted.


Research Title The Relation between the Period of Soaking Egg Shell in Fluoride Solute to the Activation Energy’s Number of the Hydrochloric Erosion Reaction.

Researchers Mr. Chinnachote Amornchokewatchara , Mr. Chaowanid Potatanayong and Mr. Attakorn Charatchaiwanna Advisor Mr. Soontorn Pornjumreon , Ph.D. Ekasith SomsookDepartment Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Fluoride is one of natural basic solution that is found under world’s crust. Some food and water consist of it. Calcium Carbonate is the essential ingredient to protect and make bone, teeth and egg shell strengthen. From the researching, Fluoride can prohibit the erosion of acid to calcium carbonate reaction. It shows that the period of soaking the calcium carbonate in fluoride solution relates about the prohibiting of the reaction. The purpose of this project is to study about the relation between the periods of soaking egg shell in fluoride solute to the activation energy’s number of the hydrochloric erosion reaction in many different periods of time. It starts by soaking the egg shell in 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes. In each experiment will be done in 30, 50, 70 and 90 Celsius. Next, record the result by measuring the Carbon dioxide gas that is appearing in the water tube in every 5 minutes until the reaction has been finished. Calculate the activation energy of this reaction by the result. It can conclude that lengthen period of soaking the egg shell makes more activation energy. In 60, 75 and 90 minutes of soaking egg shell cause the nearly activation energy. It can create the activation energy equation that is

Ea = log1.415515 {(t-9.88882924733161)/(9.338x10-6)}

when Ea is the activation energy and t is the period of soaking the egg shell in the fluoride solute.


Research Title Manufacturing Pyrometric Cone by Forming in Plaster Template Researchers Mr. Attakrit Charatchaiwanna and Mr. Wisit Promrak Advisors Mr. Soontorn Pornjumreon and Mr. Sawate Poopakorn Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Nowadays, measuring at high level temperature in kiln has to use expensive and complicated apparatus. From the study, we found the apparatus, Pyrometric Cone, which used in measuring high level temperature by observing bending of cone when reach its melting point. However, Cone-manufacturing often uses metal template costing a lot of budget. Therefore, researchers decided to manufacture Pyrometric Cone by forming in plaster template which take few cost and uncomplicated. Manufacturing uses the number 8 Cone – formula in Seger’s scale and varies the quantity of silica and kaolin for 7 formulas. According to the experiment, all of the Cone-formulas melted in 1250๐C - 1300๐C. The 7th cone formulas (kaolin 55%, feldspar 20%, silica 15% and calcium carbonate 10%) in an experiment melted at 1300๐C as same as the number 10 Cone in Seger’s scale that is useful for ceramic industry in Thailand.


Research Title Determination of Oil Content and Antioxidation Capacity from Sesamum indicum L., Glycine max (L.) Merr., Arachis hypogaea L. Researchers Miss Pimjai Nantaisong, Mr. Donluck Poonkasem and Mr. Pichawat Suksusilp Advisors Mr.Sorachai Saelim , Mr.Ittipol Sawaddiwongchai and Mr.Wanlop Khongna Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Bean which is a common name of plant seeds is essential for economics affairs, because bean is valuable in nutrition. Moreover, beans are compounded of 45-50 % of oil and have a lot of essential unsaturated amino acid. Thus, the researchers do this project in order to study oil quantity from extracted bean seeds such as Arachis hypogaea L., Sesamum indicum L. and Glycine max L. Merr., then it was found that the most content oil is from Arachis hypogaea L. which gives 0.309 mg/g. Furthermore, this project is to define efficiency of oxidation capacity by using DPPH (2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assays with BHT (Butylhydroxytoluene), standard substance and measuring absorption of 517 nm wavelength, then it was revealed that the oil, which is extracted from Sesamum indicum L., has the best oxidation capacity. Finally, from the saturability test, the oil, which is extracted from Arachis hypogaea L, is the most unsaturated oil.


Research Title The Production of Oil Blotting Sheet from Chitosan Researchers Miss Siriluck Hapha, Miss Surasa Nagachinta and Miss Wiphawan Purisa Advisors Mr. Sorachai Saelim Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

The study of blotting sheet from chitosan is found that it can absorb the oil well and has a good formation property. Therefore, we experiment on the oil blotting sheet from chitosan by drying phase inversion and testing to find the appropriate ratio of the chitosan dissolved in acetic acid. Then, form it on the plate. The result is chitosan 0.03 g dissolved in acetic acid 5 ml. The experiment of adding plasticizer such as the stencil pulp, the thin tissue pulp, the thick tissue pulp and PEG (Polyethylene glycal) is found that the best plasticizer is the stencil pulp. In the experiment of mixture of plasticizer increasing the quality such as CaCO3, ZnO, MgCO3 and powder is found that CaCO3 and powder are the best. From these methods, we will get the blotting sheet which makes the face smooth just same as powder does. The last method is experimenting on the efficiency of the blotting sheet by absorbing water, oil and false sweat and testing the pleasant of people by analyzed program called SPSS-X11.5. It is found that the second type of oil blotting sheet (the stencil pulp with chitosan 0.03 g dissolved in acetic acid 5 ml (1:2) and 0.5 g of powder) gets the highest average score.


Research Title Soap from Oil of Seeds of Hevea Rubber Clone RRIM 600 Researchers Miss Miss Thanyaporn Tancharernrat, Miss Nattaya Chusuth and

Miss Pattanan Buranasaksathien Advisors Mr. Sorachai Saelim Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

In the present, most people favor products from nature. Natural soap is among one of the products from nature favorite trend. Consequently, this project got this idea and studied how to make soap from oil of Hevea Rubber Clone RRIM600 seed by five methods, which included dissolving by solvent, squeezing, boiling and simmering, stream distilling and extracting by soxhlet. The experiment shown that boil and simmer brought much oil. Then, oil had been brought to make 13 formulas of soap, using different ratio of oil. The reaction for making soap is saponification reaction.

The last section was the efficient test of soaps from Oil of Hevea Rubber Clone RRIM600 seed when compare to general soaps (Lux, Pearl, Parrot and Imperial). The first test was testing the oil’s emulsifying capability. Formula soap ordinal number 12 (100% Olive oil) and formula soap ordinal number 13 (100% Rubber oil) are the best solutions that can split paraffin oil. The second test was testing Acid-Base property by using pH meter, which shown that formula soap ordinal number 12 (100% Olive oil) has the strongest base which is 11.96 and formula soap ordinal number 15 (Parrot) has the least base which is10.15. The third test was the Reaction with inorganic acid (Preparation of fatty acid from the soap), which Formula soap ordinal number 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 14, 15, 16 and 17 have fatty acid and in burn have flame. The fourth test was the reaction with Ca2+, Mg2+ and Fe3+. After the test, the result showed formula soap ordinal number 2, Formula soap ordinal number 9 and Formula soap ordinal number 16 did not precipitate in 1 % CaCl2, formula soap ordinal number 2-17 did not precipitate in 1 % MgCl2 and formula soap ordinal number 2 did not precipitate in 1 % FeCl3.The fifth test was


phosphate analysis. Formula soap ordinal number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15 and 17 have phosphate, of which the formula number 1 has the most phosphate.

The last test was testing the satisfaction from the sampling 60 students from Mahidolwittayanusorn School for the produced soap by questionnaires that have four levels 1-4, four was the most satisfaction and 1 was the worst satisfaction. Then, the survey questionnaires were analyzed by using the program SPSS-X 12. From the survey questionnaires, we can interpret the data to the satisfaction behavior in four aspects bubbled, smell, color and cleansing power .The formula 13 soap (100% Para rubber oil) recieved the highest averaged score of satisfaction of 3.45 that the soap is produced effectively and high level of satisfaction, followed by the formula 17 soap (Imperial), and the averaged score of satisfaction level of 3.43.


Research Title The Study of a Suitable Proportion to Produce Stick Charcoal from the Para-Rubber’s Leftover

Researchers Ms. Pannarat Kerdpakee, Ms. Paradee Kowuttikulrangsie and Mr. Akkanit Khamket

Advisor Mr. Sorachai Saelim Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Nowadays, the fuel is important in human’s life as the main source of energy. This reason makes it insufficient and high priced. In the Para-Rubber tree’s gardening, its leftovers supposed to be useless and then decompose naturally. In this research, the purpose is to find the best suitable proportion to produce stick charcoal from the Para-Rubber’s leftover, a chip of wood and outer skin of a seed. The experiment was divided into 2 sections. The first mixed the crushed wood charcoal with the crushed outer skin of a seed’s charcoal in the 11 proportions (A1-A11) and used boiled starch solution as the cement. The second used the same materials and the same proportions but used the clay solution as cement instead (B1-B11). The proportions (A1-A11 and B1-B11) were tested potential of energy by bomb calorimeter. The charcoal of formula A1 (produced from only crushed wood charcoal) and the charcoal of formula B11 (produced from only crushed outer skin of a seed’s charcoal) were exhibited maximum and minimum value of the energy as 4666.66 and 3119.12 cal/g, respectively.


Research Title The Antioxidation Properties of Crude Extracts from Thai home-Grown-Vegetable

Researcher Miss.Kantalas Lertsakulpiriya, Miss Duangrat Jearaditharporn, and Miss Lalita Wasuthit

Advisor Mr. Sorachai Saelim Department Chemistry School Mahidolwittayanusorn School Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Air dried of ten Thai home-grown vegetables; Boesenbergia rotunda (Linn.) Mansf., Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe, Eryngium fortidum Linn., Anethum graveolens Linn., Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, Capsicum frutescens Linn., Momordica charantia Linn., Apium graveolens L. var. dulce Pers. (Apium graveolens L.), Cymbopogon citrates (DC.) stapf and Zingiber officinale Rosc were immersed in dichloromethane, acetone and methanol , successively. After evaporation under vacuum, the dichloromethane extracts, acetone extracts and methanolic extracts were obtained. The crude extracts were tested for their antioxidative activity by 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. BHT was used as a reference substance with well antioxidant activity. The dichloromethane extract of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe (IC50 = 46.874 mg/mL) and the acetone extract of Momordica charantia Linn (IC50 = 846.761 mg/mL) were exhibited strongest and lowest radical scavenging activity, respectively


Research Title Determination of the Ascorbic acid in Algae- manufactured Products by Method of Small Scale and Direct Titrations

Researchers Miss Parawinee Tangnuntanakarn, Mr. Jitrin matang and Mr. Suksun Yaopeckchai Advisors Mr. Sorachai Salim Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Algae-manufactured products are foods that are admired by many people. There are many nutrients in algae products such as protein, carbohydrate, fat, mineral and vitamin. Ascorbic acid in algae averts scurvy and cold; moreover, it is the chemical substance that against free radicals. Most of algae-manufactured products in the shops do not be identified the quantity of ascorbic acid. The purposes of research were to determine quality of ascorbic acid in sample of algae-manufactured products (sample number 1-12) and to compare the quality of ascorbic acid by small scales and direct titration methods. The preparation of the sample was carried out as described previously: 10 grams of algae sample extracted by 700 ml of water and grind with grinder until becoming small particles and filtrated. Then, 10 ml of solution was diluted with 200 ml of water. The determination of ascorbic acid of sample was reacted with HCl, KI, KIO3

solutions and starch solutions for indicator. Small scales method was showed maximum and minimum quality of ascorbic acid were sample number 9 and 5 as 0.064 and 0.023 mg/g, respectively. Direct Titration method was showed maximum and minimum quality of ascorbic acid were sample number 9 and 5 as 0.056 and 0.027 mg/g, respectively. The determination of quantity of the ascorbic acid in algae- manufactured products by small scales and direct titration methods no had a significant at the 0.05 level.


Reseach Title The Antifungal Properties in Chili Fungle Pathogens (Alternaria sp., Collectotrichum sp. and Colletotrichunt capsic) of Crude Extracts from Allium sativum Linn.

Reseachers Miss Thanamporn Charnthaprom, Miss Papassara Wannathong and Miss Parichat Wongthewawimarn

Advisors Mr. Wallop Khongna Dr. Jeerapun Worapong and Ms. Monruedee Srisaisup Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

The project ‘Study of antifungal activity in Allium sativum crude extracts against chili fungal pathogens, Alternaria sp., Colletotrichum sp. and Colletotrichum capsici’ was done by extracting chemical substances from dry garlic cloves using 3 solvents that were water, acetone and methanol. To observe the antagonistic effect of crude extracts, the crude extract from each solvent was tested against each fungal pathogen on Potato Dextrose Agar plates. The results showed that the crude extract solution from acetone could strongly inhibit all those 3 pathogens. The second one is crude solution extracted by methanol and the last one is water. This fruitful study may lead to the invention of safer antifungal agents that are expected to be renewable, non-petrochemical, naturally eco-friendly and easily obtainable.


Research Title The Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on the Change of the Color of Saa-paper. Researchers Ms. Pinpapat Paparn, Mr. Taechin Aemrurksiri and

Mr. Wejpisit Wongwiwattananon Advisors Ms. Supawadee Srithahan Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Nowadays, the imports of Saa-paper from Thailand are prohibited by many foreign countries because of the usage of Sodiumhypochlorite in the bleach process, so the manufacturer decided to use Hydrogenperoxide which is not dangerous but eliminates the fewer lignins in the mulberry tissue. When the time past by, lignin, which effects the duration of the original color return in Saa-paper after bleach process, makes the Saa-paper color changed gradually to its original color that is yellow. Since that, the study of the Hydrogen peroxide solution for making the Saa-paper that keeps its white color for a long time has begun. The experimental processes are respectively as the follows, making the Saa-papers which have been bleached by the 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% of Hydrogen peroxide solution, taking the photograph of Saa-paper every two weeks in the duration of three months, finding the color pixel in the picture using Photoshop CS2, and finding the amount of lignin before and after bleach process by the chemical reaction between lignin and KMnO4 and the titration with Na2S2O3, reporting the lignin amount by calculating Kappa number. The results from the experiment are that 4% of Hydrogen peroxide solution has the most effective on eliminating lignin which makes Sa-paper kept its white color after bleach process, the changing rate of color pixel per one month is 0.81, and the value of Kappa number is 0.54.


Research Title Synthesis of Gold Nano Particles Researchers Mr. Pawat Pairojpongpun, Mr. Kanawat Chantaralawan Advisors Miss Sasinee Ungkanont, Dr. Rojrij Rojanathanes Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles are one of the most stable nanoparticles. Their excellent photophysical and electrical properties lead to many valuable applications such as a biosensor. In this research, gold nanoparticles have been synthesized in both aqueous and organic environments. In order to investigate the optimum synthetic conditions, concentration of gold, stabilizer and reducing agent had been varied. From the experiments, organic system synthesis yielded 8-10 nm gold nanoparticles which are appropriate conditions to apply in other applications. In the other hand, aqueous system synthesis yielded 40-70 nm with a higher distribution of particles which a lower characteristic expression and a lower possibility of reaction between particles are led. In addition, the gold nano particles should be conserved in a specific condition that can not be affected by UV-light so as to decrease the high distribution of gold nano particles.


Research Title Effects of Crude Extracts from Thespesia populnea (Linn.) Soland. ex Correa to Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes

Researchers Mr. Jirawat Thanestada Advisors Mr. Sorachai Saelim, Miss Supawadee Sritahan, Miss Orawan Piyaboon, and

Assistant Professor Dr. Pitak Santanirand Department Chemistry School Mahidol Wittayanusorn Academic Year 2006

Abstract

Thespesia populnea (Linn.) Soland. ex Correa is an ancient medicinal plant. In A.N. Nagappa’s research, Wound healing activity of the aqueous extract of Thespesia populnea fruit, it was found that the T. populnea fruit have a wound healing activity which cure faster 79.18% than without using this extract in 8 days and decrease more scar area 32.81%. However, the research on T. populnea leaves has never been conducted before. The purpose of this project thus was to study the efficient of the T.populnea leaves in inhibiting two types of human pathogen bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. The experiment begun with that T. populnea leaves were soaked in a sequence of hexane, acetone, methanol, ethanol and distilled water for 7 days each. Solvent was evaporated out; the crude extracts: the hexanic extract (6.22 g), the acetonic extract (12.84 g), the methanolic extract (11.24 g), the ethanolic extract (10.91 g) and the aqueous extract (35.84 g) were acquired. Both bacteria were tested with the crude extract by Broth dilution susceptibility test (2-fold dilution) method. It was then found that the acetonic extract was able to inhibit the growth and reproduction of both bacteria which have Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value equal to 3.2 mg/ml and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) value equal to 6.4 mg/ml.

chemistry (mwit’14) - 176mwitpro/form/abstract_eng_mwit14/...chemistry (mwit’14) - 177 -...

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