chemistry in parts per million - university of...
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Chemistry in Parts per Million (Parts per Billion):Water Treatment Technology
July 21, 2009
Keith [email protected]
800-611-2296 x81
Chemical and Environmental Technologies
Health and Life SciencesAdvanced Engineering
Systemswww.matricresearch.com
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About MATRIC
MATRIC is a 501(c)(3) non-profit research and development corporation formed in 2004
– Reinvest earnings in new research– Offices in Charleston (WV), Morgantown (WV)
and Oak Ridge (TN)
Research staff of 85 and engineering staff of 65
– 33 PhD-level researchers– 19 professional engineers– 25+ average years of experience– 2 members of National Academy of
EngineeringMATRIC has a focus on developing intellectual properties for commercial and industrial customers and adding genuine value throughout the technical services, research, testing and development processes
MATRIC was formed from the downsizing of over
2000 research scientists and engineers located at the Union Carbide Tech
Center, South Charleston, WV from 2001-2008
Overall MATRIC Enterprise
Non-Profit R&D
Corporation
For-Profit Commercial R&D
Corporation
Holding Company to Commercialize IP
Full Service Professional
Engineering Firm
Technical Consulting
Firm
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MATRIC’s Geographic Expansion
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Morgantown, WVCharleston, WVOak Ridge, TN
Houston, TX
Milan, Italy
Shanghai, China
Sao Palo, Brazil
Removing Pollutants from Water
Various industries need to remove trace pollutants from aqueous sources in an economical manner
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Element Aqueous Limit (ppb) Typical IndustrySelenium 4.7 Coal and phosphate
miningArsenic 10 Salt miningMercury 2 (EPA); 0.02 (Ohio) Coal mining and
combustionAluminum 750 (acute);87
(chronic)Surface mining
Iron 500 Deep miningTotal Dissolved Solids
100,000 Natural gas
Selenium Concentrations by County (USGS)
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Marcellus Shale Natural Gas
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VARIOUS TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
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Bacterial Treatment
Anaerobic Bacteria Removal: uses naturally occurringmicrobes in specially developed mixtures, or cocktails, tochemically reduce and precipitate target compounds fromsolution. This system also is capable of breaking downtarget compounds into their harmless chemicalcomponents (e.g., turning nitrate into nitrogen gas).
AdvantagesLow Cost (Power and O&M)
High potential pollutant removalrates
DisadvantagesStart-up required for development ofmicroorganism populationChemical and/or environmental changes caninactivate the processSensitive to upset conditions
Wetlands Treatment
Wetlands: uses particular features of plant andmicrobial processes to remove contaminants in water,including selenium.
AdvantagesLow costs (power and O&M)Adaptable to any geometrical configurationRemoval of a wide range of aquatic contaminants
DisadvantagesLong residence timeSusceptible to toxic and/or environmental changesToxic bioaccumulation for wildlife
Reverse Osmosis Treatment
Reverse Osmosis: pressurized process to force a solutionthrough a membrane, retaining the solute on one side andallowing the pure solvent to pass to the other side.
AdvantagesEffective removal of a high percentage of contaminants
Less susceptible to chemical and/or environmental conditions (retains efficiency over a broad range of conditions)
DisadvantagesA concentrated waste stream produced that requires subsequent disposal
Pollutant removal required from waste stream
High costs (power and O&M)
Fouling significantly reduces unit effectivenessover time
Reactive Filtration
AdvantagesSimple chemical reactionRelative ease in the removal of selenium,
arsenic, mercury and aluminum concentrate for disposal
Short retention timeConstruction and O&M costs significantly
lower than other technologies
DisadvantagesTDS has to be considered
Sulfates are detrimental
Reactive Filtration: unpressurized, often passive processreact trace impurities with specific reactive media toremove them from the aqueous stream
LABORATORY CAPABILITIES
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Reverse Osmosis Laboratory
Laboratory reverse osmosis test unit for application development
Reverse osmosis membranes
prefilters
pump
Reactive Filtration Laboratory
Development of variety of media that chemically remove pollutants from water sources– Catalytic reactions– Non-catalytic reactions
Reactive filtration for non-hydrocarbon pollutants– Selenium– Arsenic– Iron– Aluminum– Mercury
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Heat Integrated Evaporator Laboratory
Removal of organics– Frac water slickners– Trace petroleum
Complete multi-step evaporation of TDS materials to dry crystals
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DEMONSTRATION AND PRODUCTION UNITS
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Natural Gas Well Desalination Unit200 bbl/day
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Natural Gas Well Desalination Unit2400 bbl/day
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Surface Mine Water Selenium Removal SystemReverse Osmosis Technology
Surface Mine Water Selenium Removal SystemReverse Osmosis Technology
Membranes are in the white cylinders
Feed pump
Surface Mine Water Selenium Removal SystemReactive Filtration Technology
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Surface Mine Water Selenium Removal SystemReactive Filtration Technology
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Modular reactive filtration design
Water Treatment Start-up Companies
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• NG Innovations—Solutions to treat salt water for economical disposal and remove water, heavy oils, CO2 and N2 from natural gas.
• Liberty Hydrologic Systems—Systems to remove selenium and other heavy metals from environmental water
• Reactive Filtration—Reactive media production technology
• Hydrus Membranes—Reverse osmosis membrane production technology, including organics resistance and anti-fouling coatings
Remaining Challenges
System design with multiple technologiesLife-time testingFull characterization of technology performance due to other constituents in waterReal-time analytical measurement of trace impuritiesSimplification of design and operationsFurther cost reductions
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MATRIC’s research and engineering capabilities are well-suited to produce commercial technology for a variety of water treatment issues