characteristics of animals multicellular heterotrophs most reproduce sexually; some asexual move at...
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Characteristics of Animals
MulticellularHeterotrophsMost reproduce sexually; some asexual Move at some point in their lives
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Animals need to obtain water, food , and oxygen from their environment
An adaptation is a characteristic that helps an organism survive in its environment or reproduce.
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Herbivores are animals that eat only plants.
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Herbivores
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Carnivores are animals that eat only other animals.
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Other examples of carnivores.
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Omnivores are animals that eat both plants and animals.
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Look at these pictures. Can you decide what type of food each animal eats?
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Classification of Animals
Vertebrates-An animal that has a backboneEx: fish
Invertebrate-An animal without a backbone. 95% of animals are invertebrates. Ex: worm
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Bilateral symmetry- an object has a line that divides the object into halves that are mirror images.
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Radial symmetry- many line(s) of symmetry that all go through a central point.
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Animals with radial symmetry
Live in the waterDo not move very fastDo not have distinct front or back endsStay in one spot or move with currentsAre able to sense their environment in all directions.
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Animals with bilateral symmetry
Larger and more complexHas a front end that goes first as the animal movesMove quickly and efficientlyHave sense organs in their front end(All vertebrates have bilateral symmetry)
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Bilateral symmetry can be an advantage to a predator because:
These animals are larger and more complex.They are streamlined and balanced.They have a front end that moves first making them faster and more efficient.They have sense organs on their front end to pick up information.
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Alphabet
Bilateral Symmetry-A,B,C,D,E,H,I,K,M,O,T,U,V,W,X,YRadial Symmetry-
O,X
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Phylum Porifera
Means “having pores”.
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Sponges
Asymmetry-no symmetryLack tissue and organsA hollow tube covered by pores
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Structure of a Sponge
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Incurrent Pores
Water enters the sponge through incurrent pores lining the outside of the sponge. Food and oxygen brought into the sponge.
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Excurrent Pore
Also called the osculum. Water exits the sponge carrying away waste. After reproduction, carries the swimming larva away from the parent.
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Spicules
Sponges are classified into groups by the type of minerals that make up the spicules. Spicules give the sponge support and protects the sponge.
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Collar cells
Line the incurrent pores. Contain whip-like flagella that beat creating a current.
A sponge 10cm tall and 1 cm in diameter pumps about 22.5L of water through its body each day!
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Anatomy of a Sponge
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Various types of sponges
Red Tree Sponge
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Sponges
Tube Sponge Vase Sponge
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Phylum Cnidaria
Members are carnivoresHave stinging cells to capture their prey and defend themselvesTwo body plans: polyp and medusaRadial symmetry
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Body forms
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Examples of Cnidarians
Hydra
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Other Cnidarians
JellyfishPortuguese man-of-war
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Other examples of cnidarians
Anemones
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Cnidarians
Coral
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More photos of coral
Brain coral
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Formation of coral reefs
Over time as the coral polyps die, their skeletons remain behind. Rocklike masses called reefs form after thousands of years. The Great Barrier Reef near Australia is about 2,000 kilometers long.
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Importance of coral reefs
Home to more species of fishes and invertebrates than any other environment on Earth.