CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. The Background of the Study

Education is the most important thing which is needed by people to face their life. As we know

that without education the people will face many problem. In studying English, Studying

vocabulary is the most important because by vocabulary, the student can make sentences.

Providing vocabulary instruction is one of the most significant ways in which teachers can

improve student's reading and listening comprehension. It can also be one of the most

challenging things for teachers to do well.

Vocabulary is knowledge of words and word meanings. However, vocabulary is more complex

than this definition suggests. First, words come in two forms : oral and print. Oral vocabulary

includes those words that we recognize and use in listening and speaking. Print vocabulary

includes those words that we recognize and use in reading and writing second, word knowledge

also comes in two form, receptive and productive. Receptive vocabulary includes words that we

recognize when we hear or see them. Productive vocabulary includes words that we use when we

speak or write. Receptive vocabulary is typically larger than productive vocabulary, and may

include many words to which we assign some meaning, even if we don't know their full

definitions and connotations or ever use them ourselves as we speak and write (Kamil & Hiebert,

in press)

There are many ways to learn vocabulary, perhaps even too many. It might be challenging for a

person who decided to build his or her vocabulary to choose the right method of learning as there

are no general rules which would be perfect for everybody. Studying vocabulary by using real

object or recognizing nature is a good way to increase the student's vocabulary skill. Real object

is very important for student in studying vocabulary. Because the students can know the name of

object and also the object. So they can remember is easily, it can improve their spirit in studying

vocabulary with the object.

The writer choose the real object in this thesis because the writer want to increase the student's

vocabulary skill. So the student can study English well and more easy. The student's spirit in

studying English especially vocabulary because vocabulary is the basic in studying English,

without vocabulary what the student can do in studying English.

B. The Statement of The Problem

1. How are the student's vocabulary skill of seventh grade at SMPN 2 Rejoso Nganjuk ?

2. What is the vocabulary by using real object?

3. How is the studying vocabulary by using real object

4. How are the student's vocabulary skill of seventh grade at SMPN 2 Rejoso Nganjuk after

using real object in their study ?

C. The Object of the Study

Having given the description about the problem, the writer expects that this study will give many

important contribution to the education.

1. To know how the studying vocabulary by using real object

2. To describe the studying vocabulary by using real object

3. To know the student's vocabulary skill studying vocabulary by using real object.

D. The Significance of the Study

The writer hopes that this thesis can improve the reader knowledge about teaching vocabulary at

seventh grade of SMP.

1. To study more about vocabulary

2. To imtroduce a method of teaching vocabulary at seventh grade student of SMP.

3. As the media in teaching vocabulary at seventh grade student of SMP.

E. The Limitation of the Study

The writer describes some limitation in this thesis to avoid the deviation from the topic.

1. This thesis is limited in teaching vocabulary by real object

2. This thesis is limited at seventh grade students of SMPN 2 Rejoso

F. The Definition of the Key Terms

The title of this thesis is a study on teaching vocabulary implemented by real object at seventh

grade students of SMPN 2 Rejoso 2011/2012. from the title, the writer will give some key

definition in order to misunderstanding.

1. Study means the process or activity to know something. The study can be done by

reading, observation, or research.

2. Vocabulary means the meaning of words.

3. Real object means anything which can be seen by eyes.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Definition of Vocabulary

Vocabulary is basic knowledge of language, especially in English. Vocabulary is used by the

students to understand the sentences of English, in making sentences, students must know words

which the want to use.

Vocabulary is knowledge of words and word meanings. However, vocabulary is more complex

than this definition suggests. First, words come in two forms : oral and print. Oral vocabulary

includes those words that we recognize and use in listening and speaking. Print vocabulary

includes those words that we recognize and use in reading and writing. Second, word knowledge

also comes in two forms, receptive and productive. Receptive vocabulary includes words that we

recognize when we hear or see them. Productive vocabulary includes words that we use when we

speak or write. Receptive vocabulary is typically larger than productive vocabulary, and may

include many words to which we assign some meaning, even if we don't know their full

definitions and connotations or ever use them ourselves as we speak and write (Kamil & Hiebert,

in press).

Vocabulary is a component from language material in learning English. In teaching English

vocabulary is one of the important language skills besides the other language skills such as

reading, listening and speaking. Vocabulary skill for the students is very important to

communicate through written language, the students have to able to write with the material that

is given appropriately. In studying English students have to deal with some aspects, such as the

vocabulary that has difficulties in each level.

Vocabulary is the basic competence that must be reached by students in order to get other

competencies like reading, writing, listening, and speaking. It is difficult to master the other

competences without mastering and understanding the vocabulary. Rivers in Nunan (1991: 117)

B. Kinds of Vocabulary

Vocabulary varies in the four skills of language, listening, writing,reading and speaking.

Generally, a student will absorb listening and speaking vocabulary before coming to the reading

and writing vocabulary. But in real situation, the process may change, especially in foreign

language teaching. Reading vocabulary may become the first stage before processing the

speaking and listening vocabulary. According to the basis of frequency, vocabulary can be

divided into two kinds, there are high frequency vocabulary and low frequency vocabulary.

1. High frequency vocabulary consists of words that are used very often in normal language, use

in all four skills and across the full range of situation of use. High frequency vocabulary consists

of 2000 word families, which are about 87% of the running words in formal written text and

more than 95% of the words in informal spoken texts

2. The low frequency vocabulary on the other hand, covers only small proportion of the running

words of a continuous text, it means that low frequency vocabulary is rarely, used in common

activity of English language. This group includes well over 100.000 word families

I.S.P Nation calls those vocabularies as motivated vocabulary an dun motivated vocabulary.

Motivated (active) vocabulary consists of all the words we need to use and feel no reluctance in

using in our everyday life.

While, the unmotivated (passive) vocabulary can be divided into two groups:

1. Words which are only partly understood and are not well known enough to use actively,

and

2. Words which are not needed in daily communication.

From the explanation above, we can conclude that active vocabulary is all the words used in

daily activities, partly while, passive vocabulary is all the words recognized and understood, and

not necessarily used.

Jo Ann Aebersold and Mary Lee Field classify into active and passive.

1. Active vocabulary refers to put item which the learner can use appropriately in speaking

or writing, and it is also called as productive vocabulary, although in fact it is more

difficult to put into practice, its means that to use the productive vocabulary, the students

must to know how to pronounce it well, they must be familiar with collocation and

understand the connotation meaning of the word. This type is often used in speaking and

writing skill.

2. Passive vocabulary refers to language items that can be recognized and understood in the

context of reading or listening and also called as receptive vocabulary.

C. Definition of Real Object

Real object is real things which can be seen and also touched. An object is just a thing that we've

distinguished from the rest of the universe. On the other definition, something we feel, smell,

taste, see, or hear is real object.

D. Kinds of Real Object

As we know that real object is something we can felt, smelt, tasted, seen, or heard. So the real

object here are :

1. Picture

Picture can be seen and touched by see the picture we can know what picture is.

1. Things

Things can be seen, felt, smelt, tasted, heard and also touched.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. The Method of the Research

In this research the method that is going to be used is the pre-experiment method. The aim is to

know how far the effectiveness of teaching vocabulary by real object as the media of learning

can be succeeded and appropriate to the purposes, that is held to the seventh grade students

of SMP N 2 Rejoso.

In this research, the researcher uses the library research as the method. It is research which is

conducted by finding, reading and choosing the source of the data from books that support the

problem that is being studied.

The writer hopes in this research that the students are able to master the subject matter especially

in vocabulary skill through pictures. Because the writer is sure that without using pictures the

students will face difficulties in mastering the subject matter. Pictures are one of the learning

media which have purposes to help the process of teaching and learning at school. Without using

pictures verbalism will occur that obviously can hamper the process of teaching and learning.

B. Source of the Data

The data is got from several information from SMPN 2 Rejoso. From it, the researcher compares

the student's skill before and after teaching vocabulary by real object.

C. Techniques of Collecting the Data

1. Collecting the Information

In collecting the information, the researcher gets information by finding, reading and examining

the data.

1. Comparing the Information

From the various informations, the researcher compares them. It is held to get the more accurate

data.

1. Concluding the information

From the information, which is collected, the researcher constructs its review. It is aimed that the

researcher.

D. Procedure of the Research

The procedures in this research are constructed as follows :

1. Collecting of the Data

2. Analysis of the Data

From the data that have been collected, the researcher makes analysis as follow :

1. Comparing

From the data that are collected, the researcher compares them

1. Summarizing

After the data are compared, the next step is constructing the summary

1. Review

From the several conclusion which are the additional explanation for the researcher

TABLE OF CONTENTS

HALAMAN JUDUL ...............................................................................

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION................................................................

A. The Background of the Study ...........................................................

B. The Statement of The Problem .........................................................

C. The Object of the Study ...................................................................

D. The Significance of the Study ..........................................................

E. The Limitation of the Study .............................................................

F. The Definition of the Key Terms ......................................................

CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ......................

A. Definition of Vocabulary ...................................................................

B. Kinds of Vocabulary ..........................................................................

C. Definition of Real Object ..................................................................

D. Kinds of Real Object .........................................................................

CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..................................

A. The Method of the Research .............................................................

B. Source of the Data ..............................................................................

C. Techniques of Collecting the Data .....................................................

D. Procedure of the Research .................................................................