chapter 9ww4.mgh.org/emt/emtlib/mistovich_ch09_pec09.pdf · chapter 9 life span development ......

01/08/2013

1

Chapter 9

Life Span Development

Copyright ©2010 by Pearson Education, Inc.

All rights reserved.

Prehospital Emergency Care, Ninth Edition

Joseph J. Mistovich • Keith J. Karren

Objectives

1. Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

2. Identify the age ranges associated with each of the

following terms (slides 10-62):

a. Neonate

b. Infant

c. Toddler

d. Preschooler

e. School age

f. Adolescent

g. Early adulthood

h. Middle adulthood

i. Late adulthood

Objectives

3. Describe the physiological changes that occur

immediately after birth (slides 12, 15).

4. Discuss the key physical and psychosocial

characteristics of individuals in each of the following

age groups (slides 10-62):

a. Neonates and infants

b. Toddlers

c. Preschool age children

d. School-age children

e. Adolescents

f. Early adulthood

g. Middle adulthood

h. Late adulthood

01/08/2013

2

Multimedia Directory

Slide 21 Health Supervision Visit Video

Slide 31 Pediatric Growth and Development Video

Slide 37 School-Aged Children Health Promotion Video

Slide 63 Notifying the Family Video

Topics

Life Span Development

CASE STUDY

Dispatch

01/08/2013

3

EMS Unit 112

Respond to 408 Windsor Avenue for a 16-year-

old male patient complaining of difficulty

urinating.

Time out 1345

Upon Arrival

• Mom answers door, states son complains of painful urination

• Leads you to son text-messaging in bedroom

• He yells at her for calling ambulance; she yells at him that he is going to the hospital

How would you proceed to assess and care for this patient?

01/08/2013

4

Back to Topics

Life Span

Development

Infancy

Vital Signs

Back to Objectives

• Birth to one year of age

• Newborn – RR: 30–40 breaths per minute

– HR: 100–160 beats per minute

– BP: 70 mmHg

Back to Objectives

01/08/2013

5

One year old

• RR: 20–30 breaths per minute

• HR: Approximately 120 beats per minute

• BP: Approximately 90 mmHg

Infancy

Physiological Changes

• Weight

• Pulmonary

• Immune system

• Nervous system

• Fontanelles

Back to Objectives

01/08/2013

6

• Track objects

• Focus on objects 8–12 inches away

• Recognize familiar faces

• Display primary emotions

• Hear and recognize some familiar sounds and voices

• Move in response to stimuli

By two months…

By six months…

• Sit upright in a high chair

• Make one-syllable sounds

• Raise upper body

• Grasp and shake hand toys

• Follow moving objects

• Recognize familiar objects at a distance

• Try to imitate familiar sounds

• Walk with help

• Know his own

name

• Sit without

assistance

• Put objects into

containers

• Respond to simple

requests and "no"

• Say "mama" or

"dada"

• Finger feed himself By one year…

01/08/2013

7

Infancy

Psychosocial Changes

• Separation

• Crying

• Relationships

Click here to view a video on the topic of health supervision visits during infancy.

Return to Directory

Health Supervision Visit

media/CHN_Infancy.htm

01/08/2013

8

Toddlers and Preschool-Age Children

Vital signs

Toddler

• 12 to 36 months

• HR: 80–130 beats

per minute

• RR: 20–30

breaths per minute

• BP: 70–100

mmHg

• Temperature:

98.6–99.6 degrees

• Three to five years

old

• HR: 80–120 beats

per minute

• RR: 20–30 breaths

per minute

• BP: 80–110 mmHg

• Temperature: 98.6–

99.6 degrees

Preschool

01/08/2013

9



• Musculoskeletal

• Pulmonary

• Nervous

By age three…

• Walk alone

• Handle several toys

when walking

• Climb up and down

furniture or stairs

• Scribble and play

with toys

• Find hidden objects

• Sort objects by

shape or color

01/08/2013

10

By age five…

• Hop, jump, swing,

climb, and do

summersaults

• Dress and undress

without assistance

• Use forks, spoons,

and sometimes

knives appropriately

• Count ten or more

objects

• Trace and draw

pictures



• Language

• Play

• Never lie

01/08/2013

11

Click here to view a video on the topic of pediatric growth and development.

Return to Directory

Pediatric Growth and Development

School-Age Children

Vital Signs

• 6 to 12 years old

• HR: 70–110 beats

per minute


per minute

• BP: 80–120 mmHg

• Temperature: 98.6

degrees

media/CHN_Growth.htm

01/08/2013

12

School-Age Children


• Loss of primary

teeth

• Read and write

• Nocturnal enuresis

School-Age Children


01/08/2013

13

Click here to view a video on the topic of school-age children health promotion.

Return to Directory

School-Age Children Health

Promotion

• Relationships

• Self-concept

• Recognize

emergency

workers as help

Adolescence

Vital Signs

media/CHN_HealthMaintSchool.htm

01/08/2013

14


• HR: 55–105 beats

per minute


per minute

• BP: 100–120 mmHg


degrees

Adolescence


• Growth spurt

• Puberty

01/08/2013

15

Adolescence


• Invulnerability

• Confidentiality

• Identity

• Depression

• Body image

• Dating

Early Adulthood

Vital Signs

01/08/2013

16


• HR: 70 beats per

minute


per minute

• BP: 120/80 mmHg


degrees

Early Adulthood


• Reach physical

peak

• Condition begins to

slow

• Develop habits

01/08/2013

17

Early Adulthood


• Independence

• Responsibility

• Career

• Job stress

Middle Adulthood

Vital Signs

01/08/2013

18

• 41 to 60 years

old

• HR: 70 beats per

minute

• RR: 16–20

breaths per

minute

• BP: 120/80

mmHg

• Temperature:

98.6

Middle Adulthood


• Chronic

illnesses

• Cardiac output

decrease

• Weight gain

• Menopause

01/08/2013

19


Middle Adulthood

• Challenges

• Focus on others

• Grandparents

Late Adulthood

Vital Signs

01/08/2013

20

• 61 years and

older

• HR, RR, and

BP depend on

physical and

health status

• Temperature:

98.6 degrees


Late Adulthood

• Maximum life

span

• Life expectancy

• Cardiovascular

changes

• Nervous system

• Sensory

changes

• Renal changes

• Oral changes

01/08/2013

21


Late Adulthood

• Isolation

• Moving

• Loss of

independence

• Financial decisions

Click here to view a video on the topic of notifying the family.

Return to Directory

Notifying the Family

media/CHN_BadNewstoFamilies.htm

01/08/2013

22

Follow-Up

CASE STUDY

Physical Assessment

CASE STUDY

• Jeremiah

• Alert and oriented

• BP: 110/74 mmHg; HR: 60 beats

per minute; RR: 12 per minute

• Agrees to assessment

Physical Assessment

CASE STUDY

• Admits to being sexually active with

multiple partners

• Agrees to be transported to hospital

01/08/2013

23

Transport and Transfer of Care

CASE STUDY

• Mom agrees to meet you at the

hospital

• No changes during transport

• Suggest to Jeremiah that he speak

to the doctor about his sexual

behavior

• Two-year-old female may have eaten some

food that was left out overnight

• Patient is alert, in her father’s arms, and

watching your every move. She clings to

him and begins to cry when you approach

• The father is also crying and very upset

• While doing dishes, he saw her drink from

an old cup and noticed food missing from a

plate left out from last night’s dinner

Critical Thinking Scenario

Vital signs:

• HR: 110 bpm; radial pulse is regular

• RR: 26 per minute; good chest rise

• Skin is warm and dry

• She has a foul odor on her breath and her

dress is wet

Critical Thinking Scenario

01/08/2013

24

1. Was the young girl’s reaction to you

normal for her age?

2. What can you do to help build a good

rapport with the patient?

3. Based on her developmental stage, what

vital signs did you expect this patient to

have?

Critical Thinking Questions

4. How will you adjust your assessment

techniques to meet this patient’s needs?

5. What would you say to the father in this

scenario?

Critical Thinking Questions

Reinforce and Review

Please visit

www.bradybooks.com

and follow the myBradykit links

to access content for the text.

http://www.bradybooks.com/

chapter 9ww4.mgh.org/emt/emtlib/mistovich_ch09_pec09.pdf · chapter 9 life span development ......

Documents