chapter 7/8 new nation. 1.the report on public credit was authored by...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 7/8
New Nation
1. The Report on Public Credit was authored by ________________________________.
2. Name one individual who opposed the creation of the B.U.S.3. The “midnight appointments” made by ____________________ when
leaving office sparked the case of ________________ vs. _________________.
4. Why did France sell the land involved in the Louisiana Purchase to the US?
5. What ship was set on fire by Lt. Decatur during the Tripolitan War in 1804?
6. President Jefferson sent his private secretary to explore the lands beyond the Mississippi River. What was the name of this man?
7. Who was John Jay? – what position in government did he hold?8. The War of 1812 was fought between what nations?9. Jefferson would have argued for ____________ interpretation of the
Constitution.10.How did Washington respond to the Whiskey Rebellion?
Early American Problems1. the nation was severely in debt – economic
depression set in2. England – refused to appeal Navigation Acts,
armed Natives along frontier, did not remove troops from posts along Mississippi
3. Barbary Pirates attack ships in Mediterranean Sea
4. Spanish closed Mississippi from New Orleans
Making the Government Work
• In 1789, George Washington was elected unanimously by electoral college – set precedents as the nation’s first President.
• John Adams was the first Vice-President.• New York City was the first capital of the
U.S.• Washington appointed four men to his first
Cabinet.
Am I a Federalist or a Republican?
1. Francois Goulet• Farmer from Georgia
• 5th grade education
2. Brandon Smith• Lawyer from Boston, MA
• College graduate
3. John Marshall• Virginia planter
• College graduate
• Future Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
• Believed that the judicial branch was too weak
4. Hans Gruber• German immigrant
• Pennsylvania farmer
5. Sally Moore• Mother of five
• Employee of a Massachusetts textile mill
6. James Prescott• Banker from Delaware
• Member of the Delaware state legislature
7. Mary Worthington• Merchant from South Carolina
• Sells mainly European products
New Nation
• French Revolution p. 317, p. 332
• British relations p. 319, p. 360
France
XYZDepartment of the Navy 1798
John Adams
French Revolution p. 317, p. 332
What should happen to you if…
-You called the president a "repulsive pedant (nitpicker), a gross hypocrite and an unprincipled oppressor“?James Callender was fined and jailed for 9 months.
-You accused the president’s administration of "ridiculous pomp, foolish adulation, and selfish avarice”Matthew Lyon was fined $1,000 and jailed for 4 months
Alien and Sedition Acts• Passed in preparation for an anticipated war with France• provided for some of the first testings of the limits of
freedom of speech and press.• Passed by Federalists• Federalists – viewed the persistence of their party as the
equivalent of the survival of the republic• Jeffersonian Republicans – favored by immigrants
ANTI-IMMIGRANTS SENTIMENT – No need to "invite hordes of Wild Irishmen, nor the turbulent and disorderly of all the
world, to come here with a basic view to distract our tranquillity.” – Federalist Congressman
The harsh public antagonism of the 1790s largely came to an end with the victory of the Democratic- Republicans in the 1800 election. "The Revolution of 1800
Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien Act (officially An Act Concerning Aliens) authorized the president to deport any resident alien considered "dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States."
activated June 25, 1798two year expiration date.
Sedition Act (officially An Act for the Punishment of Certain Crimes against the United States) a crime to publish "false, scandalous, and malicious writing" against the government or certain officials.
enacted July 14, 1798expiration date of March 3, 1801
Alien and Sedition Act
Jefferson confirmed the new definition of free speech and press as the right of Americans "to think freely and to speak and write what they think."
Jay’s Treaty
Chesapeake
Impressment
Embargo Act
British relations p. 319, p. 360
Judiciary Act - 1789
Established:Supreme Court13 district courts3 circuit courts of appeals
Domestic Policy - Washington
Raising RevenueAlexander Hamilton – Head of Dept. of Treasury
Goals:Strong federal banking system, stable currency,
debt repayment to establish good reputation with other nations
• Report on Public Credit • Report on Manufactures
BUS – Bank of the United States -> big controversy!!!!!!!!Issue was whether Constitution should be strictly adhered to or if
elastic clause allows for it
Dealing with Debt
Congress passed a bill in 1791 setting up national banking system.
The Bank of the U.S. was able to:- print paper money- use paper money to pay its bills- make loans to farmers and businesses
Whiskey Rebellion• Whiskey Rebellion, 1794• first test for new federal government. • Angry farmers in Western Penn. rebelled at tax • Why?
– They were dirt poor, and simply could not afford to pay the tax.
– Unfair that tax placed on poor farmer not merchant. It also planted the seeds for the first liberal/ conservative split, that would wage even until today.
• Washington led 13,000 federal troops (in uniform) in putting down rebellion.
Foreign Policy - Washington
The French Revolution (1789-1793)• Americans supported
revolution in its early stages – saw themselves in the situation.
• Support soured when Reign of Terror began – King and Queen were executed
• Britain and France began to war (1793-1815).
Which side should we take?
Neutrality
• Neutral = not take sides – HARD TO DO!• Relied on trade with both.
• Edmond Genet – French ambassador overestimated American sympathy for France. Recruited active American support
• Washington demanded his recall.• Issue Neutrality Proclamation - 1793
Northwest Territory• Americans
were being attacked by Native Americans – attacks were encourage by British
•Natives defeated in Battle of Fallen Timbers – 1794.•Forced to sign Treaty of Greenville to sell off large chunks of land North of the Ohio River.
Jay’s Treaty
• Chief Justice of Supreme Court – sent to Britain to work out a treaty– Britain agreed to leave the forts it occupied in
Northwest Territory– Britain refused to end impressment - British
commanders board American ships in search of Royal Navy deserters
– Great controversy arose at home – many Americans saw it as a betrayal of revolutionary ideals.
Hamilton Jefferson
Describe the events of the Whiskey Rebellion. Did Washington act appropriately in this situation?
What is impressment?
John AdamsXYZ Affair – French agents demanded bribes from American delegates in Paris – 1797Delegates refusedNation prepares for war with FranceUndeclared naval war in CaribbeanConvention of 1800 – avoided all-out war
Order and Describe:Washington’s Farewell AddressXYZ AffairJay’s TreatyNeutrality Proclamation
REMEMBER THAT ADAMS KEPT US OUT OF WAR WITH FRANCE – COST HIM HIS POLITICAL CAREER.