chapter 7 cell structure. microscopes are used to discover cells
TRANSCRIPT
Microscopes•Are used to discover cells
Cells• All living things are made up of cells• Cells come from preexisting cells• Cells are the basic units of structure
and function in organisms
Cells•Smaller cells can move materials in and out of them quicker because the surface are is smaller.
Proteins•Are made on ribosomes on rough endoplasmic reticulum
Plants•Plants have two organelles
that animal cells don’t have–Chloroplasts–Cell Wall
Prokaryotes• Bacterium have genetic material formed in a
single loop of DNA• Do not have their
DNA enclosed in aNucleus
** No nucleus
Eukaryotes• Cells with a true nucleus• The nucleus is contained in a
membrane called the nuclear envelope or the nuclear membrane
Organelles• Inside a cell and located
between the nucleus and the cell membrane is a substance called the cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton• The web of protein fibers
that help organize the part of a eukaryotic cell are called the cytoskeleton.
DNA• Deoxyribonucleic acid• Carries the instructions for making proteins• Found in the nucleus
Lysosomes• Enzymes that can digest food are
found in vesicles called lysosomes.• Known as the “garbage disposal”
of the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum and Ribosomes
Flagella• A structure that sticks out from the cell’s
surface and allows it to move• A whip-like structures that is used for
movement
Cell Membrane• Controls what enters and leaves a cell
Tissues• Groups of cells that have similar structures and functions
Organs• Heart• Lungs• Kidney• Brain
•Are examples of organs
Colonial Organisms
• An organism made of many cells that are permenantly together and coordinate their activities
Multicellular Organisms• Cells are arranged into tissues,
organs and organ systems
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