Chapter 5

Formulation of Capacity Development Plan for Road Disaster Preventive Management

5 - 1

Chapter 5 Formulation of Capacity Development Plan for Road

Disaster Preventive Management

5.1 Background of Capacity Development Planning

In order to establish an efficient and transparent system for road management, SNC, the former

nationwide road management organization, completed a program of institutional reforms from January

2000 to October 2006 with assistance of WB, IDB, and CAF.

Prior to the execution of the reform program, a series of discussions and consultations had been

conducted by SNC. These discussions identified four major problem areas affecting road management:

bribery and intervention by political parties, institutional vulnerability, lack of funds, and inadequate

budget allocation.

SNC Act No.2064, which stipulated new institutional structure, and SNC Act No.26336, which stipulated

organizational duties and responsibilities, were issued on April 3, 2000 and September 29, 2001,

respectively. Many fruitful measures were achieved through the SNC reform program under these acts.

The ABC was subsequently founded on October 27, 2006 in accordance with ABC Act No.3507. By

National Decree (Article-3 No.28946, November 25, 2006), the ABC is to provide effective, safe, and

economical transportation services to people through maintenance and operation of the national highway

network under the framework of ”National Development Policy, 2006.” It is evident that the ABC

completely supersedes all assignments and roles of the SNC including subrogation of international

contracts and agreements with overseas donors.

The importance of applying preventive measurements before occurrence of natural disasters has not yet

been recognized in Bolivia. For instance, no concrete article concerning policy and plans for road disaster

prevention management can be seen in the “Master Plan of Transportation in Bolivia” or the “Road

Construction Strategy Plan”. In fact, ABC has carried out neither disaster preparedness measures nor

disaster mitigation in a systemic manner. As a result, basic institutional knowledge and experience in this

field have not yet been accumulated by ABC.

Since many roads, from national highways to local trails, pass through the Andes, landslides, slope

failures, rock falls, and debris flows take place frequently and shut down land transportation for long

periods at many places, especially during Bolivia’s rainy season. For example, the Jan 13, 2005 landslide

at Sakurament Alto on National Highway No.3 caused a prolonged blockage and resulted in large

damages to the social economy as well as loss of human life. The October 27, 2005 debris flow which

washed out the Tiyumayu Bridge was another recent road disaster caused by intensive rainfall, and

resulted in nine casualties and prolonged disruption to traffic (please see photo below).

5 - 2

Immediately after the Tiyumayu Bridge disaster Typical slope failure at National highway No.4

As a result of these conditions, ABC strongly intends to create comprehensive road disaster preventive

mechanisms for the purpose not only of saving human life and personal property, but also for maintaining

social security and improving budget cost performance. ABC also has confidence that adequate road

maintenance systems for national highways are already in place as a result of existing reforms, and that

the next step is to establish a road disaster prevention management system.

Once the road disaster prevention system is established and in operation, existing road maintenance will

improve as a result of both preventive and maintenance activities. Moreover, continuous execution of

preventive management should make it possible to reduce the number of road natural disasters, with

significant reduction in road maintenance expenditures. Bolivia is bounded by several nations, and is a

hub country in terms of international land transportation in South America. For this reason, securing safe

traffic on Bolivia’s national highway network will lead to improved economic and social conditions in not

only Bolivia, but also throughout the South America region

ABC counterparts in collaboration with JICA experts formulated a Capacity Development Plan (hereafter

referred to as “the CD plan”) for establishment of a road disaster preventive management system in

accordance with the scope-of-work signed in March 2005 between SNC and JICA. ABC’s president, Lic.

Patricia Ballivian Estenssoro, issued “RESOLUCION PRESIDENCIAL No 30/2007” (please refer to the

Annex) which formally approved the CD plan on February 22, 2007 and included:

1) Approval of the CD plan as “ABC’s Road Disaster Preventive Management Plan”

2) Introduction of the CD plan into ABC’s annual plan and action plan (POA)

3) Establishment of Road Disaster Preventive Management Unit in ABC

5.2 Problems in Executing Road Disaster Preventive Management by ABC

The present problems facing ABC have been clarified through PCM meetings, interviews, and analysis of

collected data and references. The first PCM meeting was held using the PP method (Participatory

Planning by JICA) at the ABC headquarters on November 29, 2005. Many significant opinions were

given as shown in Table 5.2.1.

5 - 3

Table 5.2.1 Result of Problems Analysis on Road Disaster Preventive Management (1st PCM Result)

SNC Contents of Works

Department Activities Problems

・Routine operation/ management works by contract

・No record of road disaster ・Few expert and engineer specialized in Disaster prevention

・Management by consultant ・Insufficiency of technology in risk inspection ・No existence of Disaster Prevention Manuals

SNC Regional Office

・Maintenance by PROVIAL ・Limited works by hand Risk inspection

Road Maintenance Dept. ・Administration on 0peration and management by contract

・Delay of emergency response (budget allocation, procedures) ・No existence of Disaster Prevention Manuals ・Few expert and engineer specialized in Disaster prevention( No disaster prevention team) ・No disaster monitoring system

Planning Technology Development Dept.

・Execution of basic investigation (Evaluation of risk section, mechanism, preventive measures) ・technical guidance ・Management of works by contract

・No system of collection of information and data management (rainfall, earthquake, disaster record, etc.) ・No sufficient accuracy in topographic and geological information ・No existence of Disaster Prevention Manuals ・No evaluation criteria in hazard ・Few opportunities of training of disaster prevention technology ・No item of risk assessment in the present study Investigation/evaluation

Social Environment Dept.

・Execution of environment screening ・Check and instruction of EIA ・Management worked by contract

・Lack of knowledge in disaster preventive management ・No relationship with Outside organization ・little information on disaster areas and conditions (topography, geology and soil, etc.) ・No idea of relationship of environmental deterioration and disaster prevention ・not stable execution of environment assessment at risk area

Design/cost estimate Planning Technology Development Dept.

・Structural and Calculation in quantity ・Design preparation ・Calculation of unit price ・Management of works by contract

・Lack of specific knowledge on design and cost evaluation of disaster preventive measures ・Few opportunities of technical training and seminars ・No existence of guidelines and manuals in terms of design for disaster preventive measures ・Rare opportunities to follow up and evaluation of disaster preventive measures

Planning Technology Development Dept./ Road Maintenance Dept.

・Preparation of technical specification

・Lack of experience in disaster preventive measures ・Lack of experience in technical specification ・No standard document for disaster preventive measures Preparation of tender

documents

Legal Dept. ・Preparation of contract document

・Waste of time to contract (necessary of many signatures) ・No transference local empowerment in tender to regional office

Contract Committee Administrative Dept.

・Publication, selection and approval of tender, etc.

・Waste of time to process ・delay of document preparation send signing

Tender Legal dept./ Financial and Administrative Dept.

・Execution of contract

Supervision of disaster preventive works/value of construction/completion

inspection

Road maintenance Dept./ Construction Dept./ Social Environmental Dept./ Regional Office

・Management of contractor ・Technical instruction to supervision company contracted ・response to emergency disaster ・Confirmation of work progress ・Execution of environment monitoring

・Lack of knowledge in disaster preventive works ・Delay of response to emergency of disaster budget allocation, approval of works to do ・Delay due to blockade of road ・Delay of construction due to climate conditions (during rainy season) ・Delay of payment for construction

management of payment Financial and Administrative Dept.

・Payment of construction cost・Inadequate cash flow of National Annual Budget ・Delay of payment of Local Contribution Budget ・No fund established for disaster preventive management

Planning Technology Development Dept./ Road Maintenance Dept./ Construction Dept./ Social Environment Dept.

・Preparation of annual prevention plan (POA) ・Allocation and management of National Annual Budget

・No proposal of disaster preventive investigation and measures in POA ・No budget for enhancement of strengthen disaster prevention organization ・Waste time of application and approval of budget ・Few opportunities to appeal importance of disaster prevention to government

Finance securement Financial and administrative Dept./ Administrative Dept./ Planning Technology Development Dept.

・Budget allocation and distribution ・Securing budget (Overseas fund, CNCV, TGN)

・No abundant securement of budget of disaster preventive projects (government, overseas donors) ・No prospect of other financial resources

Maintenance/management of disaster preventive

measures after completion

Road Maintenance Dept./ Regional Office

・Maintenance of disaster preventive measures

・No periodical monitoring and evaluation systems for disaster preventive measures・Insufficient facilities and tools for monitoring ・No establishment of evaluation manuals ・No database on past records concerning disaster preventive management

Warning/evacuation

Administrative Dept./ Planning Technology Development Dept./ Road Maintenance Dept./ Social Environment Dept.

・Monitoring/ warning/ evacuation

・No establishment of warning/evacuation systems during disaster ・No warning /evacuation manual ・insufficient information system to communicate with road users ・No mutual relationship with military, police, local entities concerned ・Insufficient warning boards installed at critical sections ・No establishment of communication system for early warning system

Road Disaster Preventive Technology Improvement

Administrative Dept./ Planning Technology Development Dept./ Road Maintenance Dept./ Social Environment Dept.

・Activities in technology

・Lack of technical information ・Lack of specified construction company in fields of disaster prevention ・Small chances of technical training and seminars ・Lack of opportunities of specific technical method (drainage, reinforcement)

5 - 4

5.3 Analysis of Problems and Items to be Solved

5.3.1 Analysis of Problems

Based on the results of the PCM meetings and interviews with SNC (headquarters, regional offices), other

organizations (SEPCAM), overseas donors (WB, CAF, IDB, IIRSA), and the private sector (construction

companies, supervisors, micro-enterprises), present problems relating to road disaster preventive

management can be categorized as follows:

1) Insufficient public awareness with regard to the social role and activities of ABC

2) Lack of knowledge of road disaster preventive management

3) No establishment of a road disaster preventive management system

4) No planned execution of road disaster preventive measures

5) Inadequate emergency response to road disasters

6) No existence of early warning and evacuation system

7) Lack of experience with preparation of technical specifications and performance of tendering

8) Lack of simplified and prompt tendering procedures

9) Insufficient budget allocation for road disaster prevention

These nine items were analyzed from an individual, organization, and system/society view point as shown

in Table 5.3.1. The major problem at the individual level is a lack of technical and institutional

knowledge regarding road disaster preventive management. Organizationally, major problems include the

lack of an executing department or unit, no manual and guideline to facilitate operations, insufficient

management systems, and lack of an accessible information database. From a system/society perspective,

insufficient awareness of ABC activities by the public and difficulties obtaining continuous funding or

budget are also serious problems.

5.3.2 Result of Objectives Analysis and Items to be Solved

A second PCM meeting was held at the ABC headquarters on December 9, 2005 in order to conduct an

objectives analysis on the problems identified during the first PCM meeting. The result of the objectives

analysis, shown in Table 5.3.2, resulted in nine goals intended to fully establish a road disaster preventive

management system. These goals were:

1) Enhancement of public awareness of ABC’s road disaster preventive role and activities

2) Improvement of technology in road disaster preventive management

3) Establishment of a road disaster preventive management system

4) Execution of a planned road disaster preventive measurement works

5) Prompt response to emergency crisis in the case of road disaster

6) Establishment of early warning and evacuation systems

7) Simplified procedures for preparation of technical specifications and tendering

8) Simplification of administrative procedures

9) Obtainment of sufficient budget for road disaster prevention activities

5 - 5

Table

5.3

.1 Pro

ble

ms

in P

rom

oting R

oad D

isast

er

Pre

ventive M

anagem

ent

in A

BC (

Indiv

idual, O

rganiz

ation, Syst

em

/Soci

ety

in L

evel)

Ca

use

of

pro

ble

ms

Ind

ivid

ua

l Le

ve

l O

rga

niz

ati

on

Le

ve

l S

yste

m/

so

cie

ty L

ev

el

Ov

era

ll G

oa

l p

rob

lem

s

AB

C s

taff

s

・O

ve

rall

org

an

iza

tio

n o

f A

BC

・E

ach

de

pa

rtm

en

t re

lati

ng

to

ro

ad

dis

aste

r p

reve

nti

ve

ma

na

ge

me

nt

in A

BC

・R

eg

ion

al

off

ice

s o

f A

BC

・A

ll p

ers

on

an

d o

rga

niz

ati

on

en

ga

gin

g i

n d

isa

ste

r p

reve

nti

ve

ma

na

ge

me

nt

・La

w,

Act,

re

gu

lati

on

re

lati

ng

to

ro

ad

dis

aste

r p

reve

nti

on

・re

ga

l syste

m,

org

an

iza

tio

n,

cu

ltu

re a

nd

cu

sto

m

in A

BC

sti

mu

late

d

1.

Insu

ffic

ien

t p

ub

lic a

wa

ren

ess

wit

h r

eg

ard

to

th

e s

ocia

l ro

le a

nd

a

cti

vit

ies c

arr

ied

by A

BC

S

・Lack

of

appealin

g im

port

ance

of

dis

ast

er

pre

vention t

o t

he p

ublic

・Less

reco

gnitio

n o

f benefit

to p

revent

dis

ast

ers

in

advance

for

polit

ical dic

isio

n m

akers

2.

La

ck

of

kn

ow

led

ge

on

ro

ad

d

isa

ste

r p

reve

nti

ve

ma

na

ge

me

nt

・Lack

of

tech

nolo

gy in d

isast

er

pre

vention

for

pers

on in c

harg

e

・Lack

of

com

munic

ation a

mong e

ach

depart

ment

・In

suff

icie

nt

opport

unitie

s of

train

ing a

nd

sem

inar

in d

isast

er

pre

vention

・Poor

opport

unitie

s to

exch

ange

info

rmation b

etw

een o

ther

org

aniz

ations

・N

o e

xis

tence

of

depart

ment

or

unit f

or

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

・N

o e

xpert

s and e

ngin

eers

havin

g d

isast

er

tech

nolo

gy

・in

suff

icie

nt

basi

c data

and info

rmation in d

isast

er

pre

vention

・N

o a

ssess

ment

study o

n r

isk e

valu

ation f

or

poss

ible

dis

ast

er

pro

ne s

ect

ions

・N

o p

repara

tion o

f desi

gn s

tandard

and m

anuals

for

dis

ast

er

pre

vention invest

igation a

nd

pre

ventive m

easu

res

・N

o d

ata

base

on p

ast

dis

ast

er

with d

eta

iled info

rmation

・Few

org

aniz

ations

dis

sem

inating info

rmation a

nd

educa

ting d

isast

er

pre

vention t

ech

nolo

gy a

nd

know

ledge in B

oliv

ia

・Lack

of experience

s in

dis

ast

er pre

vention for engin

eers

in

const

ruct

ion c

om

panie

s and c

onsu

ltants

3.

No

esta

bli

sh

me

nt

of

roa

d

dis

aste

r p

reve

nti

ve

ma

na

ge

me

nt

syste

m

・Lack

of

know

ledge o

n d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

syst

em

・N

o e

xis

tence

of

engin

eers

havin

g s

peci

fic

tech

nolo

gy in d

isast

er

pre

vention

・N

o e

xis

tence

of

depart

ment

or

unit e

xecu

ting d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

・N

o e

stablis

hm

ent

of

ord

inal sy

stem

of

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

・N

o e

stablis

hm

ent

of

reco

rdin

g s

yst

em

of

dis

ast

er

conditio

ns

・N

o e

xis

tence

of

manuals

of

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

・N

o e

stablis

hm

ent

of

data

base

on d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

・in

suff

icie

nt

syst

em

of m

onitoring a

nd c

om

munic

ation d

uring d

isast

ers

・N

o e

stablis

hm

ent

of

rela

tionsh

ip w

ith o

uts

ide e

xte

rior

org

aniz

ations

・N

o e

stablis

hm

ent

of

follo

w-u

p a

nd e

valu

ation s

yst

em

of

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

easu

res

・N

o n

ational decr

ee s

tipula

ting e

stablis

hm

ent

of

new

execu

ting d

epart

ment

or

unit in A

BC

・In

suff

icie

nt

rela

tionsh

ip a

mong e

ach

org

aniz

ation

rela

ting t

o d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

4.

No

pla

nn

ed

ex

ecu

tio

n o

f ro

ad

d

isa

ste

r p

reve

nti

ve

me

asu

res

・Lack

of

know

ledge o

f dis

ast

er

pre

ventive

measu

res

・N

o e

xis

tence

of

mid

-long t

erm

pla

n d

esi

gnating d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

easu

res

alo

ng

national hig

hw

ays

・R

are

opport

unitie

s to

pla

n a

nnual dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

easu

res

into

PO

A

・N

o e

stablis

hm

ent

of

desi

gn c

rite

ria o

n d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

easu

res

・D

ela

y o

f co

mple

tion o

f co

nst

ruct

ion d

ue t

o p

aym

ent

post

ponem

ent

・in

suff

icie

nt

experience

of

pre

para

tion o

f te

nder

docu

ment

and t

ech

nic

al sp

eci

fica

tion

・In

suff

icie

nt

budget

for

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

easu

res

・N

o e

xis

tence

of

com

pany s

peci

rize

d in d

isast

er

pre

vention t

ech

nolo

gy in B

oliv

ia

5.

Ina

de

qu

ate

re

sp

on

se

to

e

me

rge

ncy o

f ro

ad

dis

aste

rs

・Lack

of

know

ledge o

f dis

ast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

・N

o e

xis

tence

of

expert

s and e

ngin

eers

apply

ing t

o e

merg

ency

dis

ast

er

resp

onse

in A

BC

・N

o s

mooth

execu

tion o

f em

erg

ent

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

easu

res

in A

BC

・N

o p

repara

tion o

f m

anuals

for

em

erg

ency

resp

onse

during d

isast

er

・N

o e

stablis

hm

ent of sk

ill o

f pre

para

tion o

f sp

eci

fica

tion o

f em

erg

ent pre

ventive m

easu

res

・N

o r

elia

ble

secu

rem

ent

of

budget

for

em

erg

ency

re

sponse

・In

suff

icie

nt

colla

bora

tive r

ela

tionsh

ip w

ith S

EPCO

M

・N

o p

erm

issi

on o

f nom

inate

d tender

in e

merg

ency

case

s

6.

No

ex

iste

nce

of

ea

rly w

arn

ing

a

nd

eva

cu

ati

on

syste

m

・In

suff

icie

nt

know

ledge o

f w

arn

ing a

nd

evacu

ation

・N

o e

stablis

hm

ent

of

warn

ing a

nd e

vacu

ation s

yst

em

・N

o p

repara

tion o

f m

anuals

on w

arn

ing a

nd e

vacu

ation

・In

suff

icie

nt

com

munic

ation s

yst

em

on w

arn

ing info

rmation t

o t

he p

ublic

・Poor

develo

pm

ent

of

com

munic

ation n

etw

ork

syst

em

for

early w

arn

ing o

f em

erg

ency

dis

ast

er

・N

o e

stablis

hm

ent

of

ala

rmin

g s

yst

em

of

em

erg

ency

conditio

ns

・in

suff

icie

nt

colla

bora

tive r

ela

tionsh

ip w

ith m

ilita

ry,

polic

w, lo

cal entities

conce

rned

・N

o e

stablis

hm

ent

of

legal back

-up s

yst

em

to d

ecl

are

em

erg

ency

crisi

s

7.

No

ex

pe

rie

nce

of

pre

pa

rati

on

of

tech

nic

al

sp

ecif

ica

tio

ns a

nd

p

erf

orm

an

ce

of

ten

de

rin

g

・Lack

of

pre

para

tion c

apabili

ty o

f te

chnic

al

speci

fica

tion

・N

o s

mooth

perf

orm

ance

of

pre

para

tion o

f te

nder

docu

ment

and t

ech

nic

al sp

eci

fica

tion

・N

o p

repara

tion o

f st

andard

docu

ments

in t

endering

・N

o s

mooth

execu

tion o

f te

nder

evalu

ation b

y c

ontr

act

com

mitte

e

・N

o loca

l em

pow

erm

ent

in t

ender

and c

ontr

act

to

regio

nal off

ices

・N

o s

ele

ctio

n o

f tu

rn-k

ey m

eth

od f

or

urg

ent

work

s of

pre

ventive m

easu

res

8.

No

sim

ple

pro

ce

du

re a

nd

pro

mp

t tr

an

sa

cti

on

in

te

nd

er

・W

ast

e o

f tim

e in a

ppro

val and p

roce

dure

s in

tendering

・N

o c

larifica

tion o

f re

sponsi

bili

ty a

t each

posi

tion

・Long t

ime p

roce

ss in iss

ue o

f paym

ent

cert

isca

te

・N

o loca

l em

pow

erm

ent

in t

ender

and c

ontr

act

to

regio

nal off

ices

・N

o r

ight

to d

irect

opera

tion o

f overs

eas

credit f

und

Co

nti

nu

ou

s R

oa

d

Dis

aste

r P

rev

en

tive

M

an

ag

em

en

t is

e

xe

cu

ted

in

AB

C

9.

Insu

ffic

ien

t b

ud

ge

t fo

r ro

ad

d

isa

ste

r p

reve

nti

on

・N

ot

pla

nned o

bta

inm

ent

Severa

l of

overs

eas

ass

ista

nt

fund

・N

o s

trate

gy p

lan t

o o

bta

in new

fin

anci

al fu

nd

・O

ccasi

onal dela

y o

f N

ational Annual Budget

・O

ccasi

onal ca

nce

llation o

f Loca

l Contr

ibution B

udget

・N

o legal back

gro

und o

f obta

inm

ent

of

budget

for

enhance

ment

f dis

ast

er

pre

ventive o

rganiz

ation

5 - 6

Table 5.3.2 (1) Result of Objectives Analysis (2nd PCM Meeting) :Resolution of problems clarified in 1st PCM meeting

1. Public awareness of social role and activities carried by ABC are enhanced

1) Disaster prevention activities of ABC are widely disseminated to the public

2) Proper behavior and reaction in emergency disasters for local residents and road users are instructed to the

public

3) Seminars on road disaster prevention with collaboration of societies and universities are hold to the public

4) Ordinary people participate in meeting to discuss and kake decision on disaster prevention matter

5) ABC disaster preventive activities by ABC are acknowledged through Web-site and monthly bulletin

2. Technology and Knowledge on road disaster preventive management are improved

1) Disaster preventive management department or unit is established

2) Experts and engineers specialized in disaster prevention are trained

3) Disaster preventive technology and knowledge are collected and accumulated

4) Data and information on disaster preventive management such as maps and geological data are compiled

5) Technology on inspection and evacuation in road disaster prevention are collected and stored

6) Database on risk points along national highway network is established

7) Attendance to seminars and training courses is easily available

8) Design standard and criteria on disaster preventive measures are established

9) Database on past disaster records along national highway is established

10) Cooperative relationship with other organizations are established

3. Road disaster preventive management system is established

1) Road preventive management system is well established

2) Recording system on disaster conditions is established

3) preventive management system is established (utilization of supervisor and micro-enterprise)

4) Manuals on road disaster preventive management is prepared

5) Database on disaster prevention information is established

6) Monitoring and communication system on road disasters is established

7) Cooperation system with exterior organizations is established

8) Follow-up and evaluation system on disaster preventive measures is established

4. Road disaster preventive measures are executed on schedule

1) Mid-long term master plan on disaster preventive measures along national highway is formulated

2) Annual preventive measures are planned on POA (large scale preventive measure not applied to

maintenance works)

3) Management skill of disaster preventive measures is established (investigation, plan, design, upervision,etc.)

4) Design criteria of disaster preventive measures is prepared

5) No delay of payment for preventive works takes place

6) Smooth preparation of tender documents and specification is executed

7) Some companies having disaster preventive technology exist

8) Road disaster preventive fund is established and executed as planned

9) Legal condition for executing disaster preventive works is established

5. Emergency response to road disasters is rapidly executed

1) Budget for emergency disaster measures is secured

2) System of emergency response to disaster is established

3) Manuel on Emergency response is prepared

4) Cooperative relationship with SEPCOM is established

5) Technical working group for applying emergency measures is made up in ABC

6) Approved tender at emergency disaster is introduced

7) Preparation capability on technical specification on disaster emergency is established

5 - 7

Table 5.3.2 (2) Result of Objectives Analysis (2nd PCM Meeting) :Resolution of problems clarified in 1st PCM meeting

6. Warning and evacuation system is established

1) warning and evacuation system is established

2) Manual on warning and evacuation is prepared

3) Warning information is provided to road users on time

4) Cooperative structure with military, police and local entities concerned is established

5) Communication network on early warning system is established

6) Legal back-up system on declaration of emergency crisis is established

7) Preparation skill of technical specification on emergency disaster preventive measures is established

8) Emergency warning communication system is established

7. Preparation of technical specifications and performance of tendering are conducted

1) Tender documents and technical specifications is smoothly prepared

2) Standard documents relating to tendering is prepared

3) Working in contract committee is smoothly conducted

4) Local empowerment of tendering and contract procedures is transfer to provincial offices

5) Turn-key method is partly adopted

6) Legal framework accelerating process is established

8. Administrative procedures are simplified

1) Procedures in tendering and approval are simplified (ISO, direct movelization of budget, etc.)

2) Local empowerment of tendering and contract procedures is transfer to provincial offices

3) Area and range of responsibility are clarified

4) Procedures for payment certificate is simplified

9. Budget for disaster prevention enterprise is secured

1) Payment from National Annual Budget is secured

2) Payment from Local Contribution Budget is secured

3) Budget for enforcement of organization is secured

4) Financing of Overseas Assistant Fund is progressed as scheduled

5) Strategy on securement for new financial resources is formulated

5 - 8

5.4 Formulation of the CD Plan

ABC’s CD plan for road disaster preventive management was formulated mainly by ABC counterparts

with the support of JICA capacity development experts. Three additional PCM meetings were held during

the plan’s formulation. The third and fifth PCM meetings were held with ABC counterparts. The fourth

PCM meeting included every department director in ABC, and was intended to gain both a broad

consensus and better understanding of the basic concepts, applied mythology, and contents of the CD

plan.

PCM meeting participation by high level officers Comments from Head of JICA’s Bolivia Office

5.4.1 Definition, Framework and Main Actors of the CD Plan

Prior to the formulation of the CD plan, the names and statuses of stakeholders expected to be involved in

CD planning were identified as shown in Figure 5.4.1. ABC is an administrating agency under the

ministry of “Public Works and Vice Ministry of Transportation” and is expected to implement road

disaster preventive management. Therefore, it is essential that ABC create and sustain strong partnerships

with relevant organizations such as government agencies, overseas donors, SEPCAM, municipalities,

private sector entities, users of national highways, and universities.

The activities of ABC are regulated by ABC Act 3507, which came into effect on October 27, 2006.

According to the Act, the main responsibility of ABC is to keep the national highway system (14,600km

long as of December, 2005) secure and well maintained at all times. Taking into account the concepts

discussed above, the CD plan is summarized in Table 5.4.1 in terms of individual, organization, and

system/society. Although ABC is the main actor for the CD plan, SEPCAM and private sector entities are

also partial actors at the individual and organization level.

5.4.2 Selection of Projects

(1) Selected projects

Seven (7) projects shown in Figure 5.4.2 were selected based on the results of the objectives analysis

discussed above. Each proposed project can be executed independently, while at the same time there are

relatively many relations among them. The super goal of the CD plan is designated as “Road Disaster are

Reduced in Bolivia” while the overall goal is designated as “Continuous Road Disaster Preventive

Management is executed by ABC”.

5 - 9

Government of Bolivia

Overseas DonorsOther Government

OrganizationPublic Works Defense Agency

Prefecture

GovernmentLocal Government

Vice Ministry of

Transportation

Ministry of

EnvironmentalSEPCAM

Road Section of

Local Road

Society University

Society of Construction

Society of Consultants

Departments related

Disaster PreventionOther Departments

Departments related

Disaster PreventionOther Departments

ABC Regional Offices

ABC Head Quarter

ABC Contractor

Supervisor

Micro-enterprise

Contraction

Company/Consultant

Society of Transportation

General Road User

Local Community

User of National Highway

Police

Figure 5.4.1 Relationship between ABC and Stakeholder Relating to Road Disaster Prevention

5 - 10

Table 5.4.1 Definition and Main Body of Capacity Development for Road Disaster Prevention Management in ABC

(Overall Goal: Continuous road disaster preventive management is executed in ABC)

Definition of CD Main actors of CD

<Individual> <Organization> <System society>

HQ of ABC

Senior officers ･can identify problems on road

disaster prevention management concretely. ･can plan and conduct adequate road

disaster preventive measures Technical personnel ･have specialized knowledge and

technology on road disaster prevention ･can make technical judgment based

on knowledge obtained ･can plan, execute and evaluate

disaster preventive measures ･can prepare tendering documents

property

Departments relating to disaster prevention ･Disaster prevention department

(Unit) can execute disaster prevention enterprises as leading position ･Disaster prevention department

(unit) has disaster prevention experts and engineers and execute disaster works ･SNC has each manual on disaster

preventive management and use them constantly ･Mid-long term disaster preventive

plan are formulated and executed as planned ･Equipment, materials and basic data

necessary for disaster preventive works are settled and can be utilized anytime. ･Cooperative relationship is well

established and emergency response is conducted smoothly

Financial, and legal departments ･Establishment of disaster preventive

management department (unit) is acknowledged regal ･System and staffs for execution of

urgent disaster preventive measures are established ･Bourget of disaster prevention can

be obtained constantly

Presidential office ･Legal framework to facilitate disaster

preventive works is established Ministry of finance ･National Annual Budget, National

Road Management Budget and local Contribution Budget are completely secured ･Budget and emergency disaster

preventive fund are secured separately

Preandino (CAF)

ABC provincial offices

･the same as HQ of SNC

Public Sector

SEPCOM

Persons in charge of road disaster prevention ･have basic knowledge on road

disaster prevention

SEPCOM disaster prevention divisions･Concrete problems on road disaster

prevention can be recognized

Prefecture Governments

Engineers of construction company ･similar to supervisors｡

Construction Companies ･Importance of road disaster

prevention can be recognized

Society of construction

Supervisors (personnel contract) ･have basic knowledge on road

disaster prevention ･can inspect road disaster slope

condition, prepare disaster record sheet and manage them ･can instruct micro-enterprises

technology in road disaster prevention

Contractors for ABC

Micro-enterprises (Small scale employees) ･can do assistant works of road

disaster preventive management

Association of Micro-enterprises PROVAIL (WB､CAF)

Private sectors

Transportation companies

Society representatives ･Chamber of transportation, Driver'

union (CNCB, etc.)

Truck association, etc. Administrative transportation organization

Nonprofit organization

Local residents ･Importance of road disaster

preventive management is recognized

Societies､Universities concerned

･Training and seminar on disaster

prevention can be held periodically

Community

：Main actors of CD

Determine overall

framework of

disaster response

at emergencyFormulate strategy

on emergency

evacuation system

Establish

cooperative

structure with

military, police and

local entities

concerned

Prepare standard

documents for

tendering

Transfer basic

tecnology of road

disaster preventive

management

Compile data and

information on

disaster preventive

management

Simplify tendering

and approval

process

Secure National

Annual Burget

(TGN)

Secure new

financial resources

Overa

ll G

oal

Pro

jec

t P

urp

ose

Ou

tpu

tsA

cti

vit

ies

Restrict unplaned

upgrade from

prefecture road to

national highway

Secure National

Road Maintenance

urget (CNCV)

Secure Local

Contribution Burget

Secure urgent

budget for

emergency of

disaster prevention

Secure overseas

assistant Fund as

planed

Clarify

responsibility

coverage of

personnel

concerned

Operate disaster

prevention burget

efficiently

Analysis of local

empowerment in

tender and contract

to ABC regional

office

Train road disaster

preventive

management

technology with

seminar, etc.

Train and improve

technology of

inspection,

evaluation in road

dasaster prevention

Collect and

accumulate

expertise in

disaster prevention

Establish database

on disaster data

and information

Establish database

on risk section s

along national highway network

Establish system of

quick contract with

private sectors

Strengten

cooperative

relationship with

Sepcom

Develop laws in

immediate

emergency

response

Establish new Road

Disaster Prevention

Fund

Consider method

for conract

Accelerate

transaction of

contract committee

Establish early

warning system

Provide road user

with disaster

informstion on time

Prepare road

disaster

preventive

management

manuales

Disaster prevention

activities are

continuously

executed

Road disaster

preventive department

(unit) is established in

ABC

Disaster prevention

capability in

emergency is

improved

Capability of tender

procedures in disaster

prevention is improved

Disaster prevention

budget is obtained

Overall goal

Continuous Road Disaster Preventive

Management is executed in ABC

Super goal: Road disasters in Bolivia are reduced

Specify plinciple of

SNC road disaster

preventive

management

Formulate mid-long

term plan on

national road

preventive

management

Organize

iimplementation

system of road

disaster preventive

management

Propose and apply

proper preventive

measures

Establish road

disasterpreventive

management

department (unit)

Disaster preventive

management capability

of ABC is enhanced

Prompt emergency

response to

disaster is

conducted

Warning/evacuation

system is

established

Tender procedures are

conducted promptly

Formulate road

disaster preventive

management

program

Road disaster preventive

mechanism is achieved in

ABC

Technology on road

disaster preventive

management is

improved

Enhance

steakholder to

understand

importance of road

disaster prevention

Hold seminar on

road disaster

prevention with

association and

universities

ABC social contribution is

appreciated publicly

ABC road disaster

activities are

acknowledged widely

Formulate strategy

on dasaster

prevention

databese

Determine strategy

of disaster

preventive

management

Transfer technology

on disaster

preventive

management at

practical level

Prepare, save and

update road

inspection records

Follow-up strategy

on relatived

disaster prevention

databese

Road disaster

preventive

management system is

established

Formulate

starategy on ABC

road disaster

preventive

management

Establish

relationship with

other organization

Improve technology

to select properly

preventive

countermeasures

Enhance capability

to prepare

technical

specification

Enhance

enforcement

capability through

OJT of pilot project,

etc.

Adopt annual

prevention plan to

POA

Enhance present

information

communication

system

Sellect preventive

measures and

formulate execution

plan

Establish databese

on disaster

inspection result

Determine

evacuation

procedured

Designate

procedure to

declare of disaster

emergency

Enhance public

relations and

activities with

bulletin and web

site

Project on Establishment of Road

Disaster Preventive Management

Department (unit)

Project on Road Disaster

Preventive Technology

Improvement

Project on Establishment of Road

Disaster preventive management

System

Project on improvement of

emergency respose in disaster

prevention

Project on road information

enhancement and disclosureProject on improvement of tender

procedures in road disaster prevention

Project on formulation of strategy

program of disaster prevention

budget

Figure 5.4.2 Overall Capacity Development Plan

5 - 11

5 - 13

(2) Outline of selected projects

Table 5.4.2 outlines project goals, evaluation results expected, main actors, contents of activities, and

inputs. Brief descriptions of the proposed projects are as follows:

<Project-1: Establishment of Road Disaster Preventive Department / Unit >

This project is identified as the highest priority project among the seven projects proposed in the CD plan.

The project goal is to establish an implementation body (a department or a unit) specializing in road

disaster preventive management in ABC. The department or unit is expected to play an important role as

a leader in execution and as one of the information centers for disaster preventive management in ABC.

The initial members of the unit should include specialized experts consisting of a project manager,

geological/geotechnical engineers, hydrologists, design/cost evaluation engineers, financial controllers,

and judicial experts in the field.

<Project-2: Road Disaster Preventive Technology Improvement>

This project’s goal is to improve technology for road disaster preventive management at ABC. The main

activities of the project are technology transfer, provision of basic information, and establishment of a

database system for road disaster preventive management. This project is expected to establish a

foundation for road disaster management at ABC, and is a prerequisite for facilitating Projects 3 and 4

smoothly.

<Project-3: Establishment of Road Disaster Preventive Management System>

This project’s goal is to establish a road disaster preventive management system at ABC. Once the system

is established, critical national highway sections with high risk for natural road disasters can be readily

identified, allowing proper countermeasures to be applied before occurrence of future disasters.

Additionally, disaster records and road slope stability inspection information will be researched and

compiled into a database prepared for the project.

<Project-4: Improvement of Emergency Response in Disaster Prevention>

This project’s goal is to improve emergency response to road disasters, including the establishment of

warning / evacuation systems and the prompt emergency response to natural disasters. High priority

activities include the introduction of early warning system instrumentation and development of

partnerships with military, police, and involved local entities. Other priorities include measures to quickly

mobilize private sector entities for emergency response, strengthening relations with SEPCAM,

development of legal declaration systems, and application of other proper urgent measures.

<Project-5: Road Information Enhancement and Discloser >

This project’s goal is to enhance public awareness of ABC activities and social contributions, especially

in road disaster preventive management. Tasks include wide dissemination of information to the public

through a bulletin and website, holding seminars and training workshops in cooperation with other

organizations and universities, communication with stakeholders, and similar activities.

5 - 14

Table

5.4

.2 (

1)

O

utlin

e o

f Pro

pose

d P

roje

cts

P

roje

ct

Na

me

P

roje

ct

Pu

rpo

se

O

utp

uts

M

ain

Bo

dy o

f A

cti

vit

ies

Acti

vit

ies

Inp

uts

1

Pro

ject

on E

stablis

hm

ent

of

Road D

isast

er

Pre

ventive

Managem

ent

depart

ment

(unit)

Road d

isast

er

Pre

ventive

depart

ment

(unit)

is

est

ablis

hed in A

BC

Road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

mech

anis

m is

ach

ieved in

ABC

･Road d

isast

er

pre

vention

depart

ment

(unit)

and s

taff

･Speci

fy p

rinci

ple

of ABC r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

･Est

ablis

h r

oad D

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

depart

ment

(unit)

･Form

ula

te m

id a

nd long t

erm

pla

n o

n n

ational ro

ad

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

･O

rganiz

e im

ple

menta

tion s

yst

em

of ro

ad d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

･Form

ula

te s

trate

gy

on A

BC r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

･Est

ablis

h r

ela

tionsh

ip w

ith o

ther

org

aniz

ations

･Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy b

y e

xpert

s and

engin

eers

･Enhance

capabili

ty w

ith s

em

inars

and

train

ing

･Pro

vid

e inst

rum

ent

and m

ate

rial

2

Pro

ject

on R

oad D

isast

er

Pre

ventive T

ech

nolo

gy

Impro

vem

ent

Tech

nolo

gy o

n r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

is

impro

ved

Dis

ast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

capabili

ty o

f ABC is

enhance

d

･Road d

isast

er

pre

vention

depart

ment

(unit)

and s

taff

･O

ther D

epart

ments

and s

taff

･Regio

nal offic

es

and s

taff

and s

uperv

isors

･Form

ula

te r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent pro

gra

m

･Pre

pare

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

manuals

･Tra

nsf

er

basi

c te

chnolo

gy

of ro

ad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

by

exp

ert

s ･O

bta

in r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

tech

nolo

gy

with s

em

inar,

etc

. ･Tra

in a

nd im

pro

ve t

ech

nolo

gy

on insp

ect

ion a

nd

ass

ess

ment

of haza

rdous

sect

ion in d

isast

er

･Im

pro

ve t

ech

nolo

gy t

o s

ele

ct p

roperly

pre

ventive

measu

res

･Im

pro

ve t

ech

nolo

gy t

o s

ele

ct p

roperly

pre

ventive

measu

res

･Enhance

enfo

rcem

ent ca

pabili

ty thro

ugh O

JT thro

ugh p

ilot

pro

ject

, etc

. ･Com

pile

data

and info

rmation o

n d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

･Colle

ct a

nd a

ccum

ula

te e

xpert

ise in d

isast

er

pre

vention

･Est

ablis

h d

ata

base

on p

ast

dis

ast

er

data

and info

rmation

･Est

ablis

h d

ata

base

on r

isk s

ect

ion a

long n

ational hig

hw

ay

netw

ork

･Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy b

y e

xpert

s and

engin

eers

･Enhance

capabili

ty w

ith s

em

inars

and

train

ing

･Pro

vid

e inst

rum

ent

and m

ate

rial

･Enhance

enfo

rcem

ent

capabili

ty

thro

ugh O

JT t

hro

ugh p

ilot

pro

ject

, etc

.

3

Pro

ject

on e

stablis

hm

ent

of

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

syst

em

Road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

syst

em

is

est

ablis

hed

Effect

ive m

easu

res

for

risk

se

ctio

ns

are

execu

ted in

advance

･Road d

isast

er

pre

vention

depart

ment

(unit)

and s

taff

･O

ther D

epart

ments

and s

taff

･Regio

nal offic

es

and s

taff,

and s

uperv

isors

and

mic

ro-e

nte

rprise

s

･D

ete

rmin

e s

trate

gy o

f dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

･Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy o

n d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

at

pra

ctic

al le

vel

･Pre

pare

, sa

ve a

nd u

pdate

road insp

ect

ion r

eco

rds

periodic

ally

･Enhance

pre

sent

info

rmation c

om

munic

ation s

yst

em

･In

clude a

nnual pre

vention p

lan in P

OA

･Sele

ct p

reventive m

easu

res

and form

ula

te e

xecu

tion p

lan

･Follo

w-u

p d

isast

er

pre

vention a

nd u

pgra

de e

valu

ation

syst

em

･Form

ula

te s

trate

gy

on r

ela

tive d

isast

er

pre

vention

data

base

･Est

ablis

h d

ata

base

on d

isast

er

insp

ect

ion r

esu

lt

･Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy b

y e

xpert

s and

engin

eers

･Enhance

capabili

ty w

ith s

em

inars

and

train

ing

･Pre

pare

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

manuals

･Pro

vid

e inst

rum

ent

and m

ate

rial

･Enhance

enfo

rcem

ent

capabili

ty

thro

ugh O

JT t

hro

ugh p

ilot

pro

ject

, etc

.

5 - 15

Table

5.4

.2 (

2)

O

utlin

e o

f Pro

pose

d P

roje

cts

P

roje

ct

Na

me

P

roje

ct

Pu

rpo

se

O

utp

uts

M

ain

Bo

dy o

f A

cti

vit

ies

Acti

vit

ies

Inp

uts

4

Pro

ject

on im

pro

vem

ent

of

em

erg

ency

resp

onse

in

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

Dis

ast

er

pre

vention c

apabili

ty

in e

merg

ency

is

impro

ved

･W

arn

ing/e

vacu

ation s

yst

em

is e

stablis

hed

･Pro

mpt em

er g

ency

resp

onse

to d

isast

er

is c

onduct

ed

･Road d

isast

er

pre

vention

depart

ment

(unit)

and s

taff

･O

ther D

epart

ments

and s

taff

･Regio

nal offic

es

and s

taff,

and s

uperv

isors

and m

icro

- ente

rprise

s

･SEPCO

M

･Form

ula

te s

trate

gy

on e

merg

ency

evacu

ation s

yst

em

･Est

ablis

h e

arly w

arn

ing s

yst

em

･Pro

vid

e r

oad u

ser

with d

isast

er

info

rmation o

n t

ime

･Est

ablis

h c

oopera

tive r

ela

tion w

ith m

ilita

ry, polic

e a

nd

loca

l entities

conce

rned

･D

ete

rmin

e e

vacu

ation p

roce

dure

s

･D

ete

rmin

e o

vera

ll fr

am

ew

ork

of dis

ast

er

resp

onse

at

em

erg

ency

･Est

ablis

h s

yst

em

of em

erg

ency

mobili

zation o

f private

sect

ors

･Pro

pose

and a

pply

pro

per

pre

ventive

measu

res

･Str

ength

en c

orp

ora

tive r

ela

tion w

ith S

EPCO

M

･D

evelo

p law

s in

im

media

te e

merg

ency

resp

onse

･D

esi

gnate

pro

cedure

to d

ecl

are

of dis

ast

er

em

erg

ency

･Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy b

y e

xpert

s and

engin

eers

･Enhance

capabili

ty w

ith s

em

inars

and

train

ing

･Pre

pare

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

manuals

･Pro

vid

e inst

rum

ent

and m

ate

rial

･Enhance

enfo

rcem

ent

capabili

ty

thro

ugh O

JT t

hro

ugh p

ilot

pro

ject

, etc

.

5

Pro

ject

on r

oad info

rmation

enhance

ment

and d

iscl

osu

re

ABC r

oad d

isast

er

act

ivitie

s are

ack

now

ledged w

idely

･ABC s

oci

al co

ntr

ibution is

appre

ciate

d p

ublic

ly

･Road d

isast

er

pre

vention

depart

ment

(unit)

and s

taff

･O

ther D

epart

ments

and s

taff

･Enhance

public

rela

tions

and a

ctiv

itie

s w

ith b

ulle

tin a

nd

Web s

ite

･H

old

sem

inar

on r

oad d

isast

er

pre

vention w

ith

ass

oci

ations

and u

niv

ers

itie

s ･H

old

sem

inar

on r

oad d

isast

er

pre

vention w

ith

ass

oci

ations

and u

niv

ers

itie

s

･Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy b

y e

xpert

s and

engin

eers

･Enhance

capabili

ty w

ith s

em

inars

and

train

ing

6

Pro

ject

on im

pro

vem

ent

of

tender

pro

cedure

s in

road

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

Capabili

ty o

f te

nder

pro

cedure

s in

dis

ast

er

pre

vention is

impro

ved

･Tender

pro

cedure

s are

conduct

ed p

rom

ptly

･Road d

isast

er

pre

vention

depart

ment

(unit)

and s

taff

･O

ther D

epart

ments

and s

taff

･Pre

pare

sta

ndard

docu

ments

for

tendering

･Consi

der

meth

od for

contr

act

･Acc

ele

rate

tra

nsa

ctio

n b

y c

ontr

act

com

mitte

e

･Sim

plif

y t

endering a

nd a

ppro

val pro

cess

･Cla

rify

resp

onsi

bili

ty c

ove

rage o

f pers

onnel co

nce

rned

･Analy

sis

of lo

cal em

pow

erm

ent

in t

ender

and c

ontr

act

to

ABC r

egio

nal offic

es

･In

troduct

ion o

f IS

O (

WB)

･Exe

cution o

f PRI(

CAF,W

B)

･Exe

cution o

f adm

inis

trative

impro

vem

ent

pro

ject

(ACD

I)

Som

e c

onte

nts

of th

e p

roje

ct h

ave b

een

already c

om

ple

ted

7

Pro

ject

on form

ula

tion o

f st

rate

gy p

rogra

m o

f dis

ast

er

pre

vention b

udget

Dis

ast

er

pre

vention b

udget

is

obta

ined c

onst

antly a

nd

ass

ure

dly

･D

isast

er

pre

vention

act

ivitie

s are

continuousl

y

execu

ted

･Exe

cutive

adm

inis

tration

Depart

ment

･Fin

anci

al depart

ment

･Legal depart

ment

･Regio

nal offic

es

･Secu

re N

ational Annual Budget

(TG

N)

･Secu

re N

ational Road M

ain

tenance

Budget

(CN

CV)

･Secu

re L

oca

l Contr

ibution B

udget

･Secu

re u

rgent

budget

for

em

erg

ency

of dis

ast

er

pre

vention

･Secu

re O

vers

eas

Ass

ista

nt

Fund a

s pla

nned

･Secu

re n

ew

fin

anci

al re

sourc

e

･Est

ablis

h n

ew

Road D

isast

er

Pre

vention F

und

･O

pera

te d

isast

er

pre

vention b

udget

effic

iently

･Rest

rict

unpla

nned u

pgra

de fro

m p

refe

cture

road t

o

national hig

hw

ay

It is

hard

to c

om

ple

te t

he p

roje

ct

without

any c

oopera

tion o

f re

late

d

org

aniz

ations

5 - 16

<Project-6: Improvement of Tender Procedures in Road Disaster Prevention >

This project’s goal is to improve tender procedures and upgrade transaction capability at ABC. Sources of

tender delays include poor preparation of tender documents as well as bureaucratic delays during the

signing process. At present, thanks to overseas technical assistance such as “The ISO9001 Achievement

Project by WB” and “The Administrative Improvement Project by CIDA”, some parts of documentation

processes involved during tendering have gradually improved. Additionally, tender authority has been

partially transferred from ABC headquarters to local offices.

<Project-7: formulation of Strategy Program of Disaster Prevention Budget >

This project’s goal is to obtain sufficient funds/budget for road disaster preventive management, and

along with Project 1 is one of the most important projects in the CD plan. The National Annual Budget

(TGN), National Road Maintenance Budget (CN), Local Contribution Budget, and Overseas Assistance

Fund, are considered as target sources of funding. Other new additional funding sources, for example the

tentatively named “Road Disaster Preventive Fund”, are also potential sources for funding. During

promotion of this project, adequate judgment and timely action based on current political and social

conditions are strongly required as funding matters are subject to political processes.

(3) Overall schedule of the CD plan

The seven (7) proposed projects are planned to be conducted within three (3) years from the

commencement of the project as shown in Figure 5.4.3. Project 1 is to start at the beginning of the CD

plan followed by projects 2 and 4 immediately after establishing the road preventive management

department/unit in ABC. Project-3 is envisioned to start at the beginning of the second year of the CD

plan. Projects 5, 6, and 7 may be started anytime after completion of Project-1 due to their independence.

5.4.3 Feasibility of Proposed Projects

ABC promotes and manages the road maintenance program as funded by national annual budget (CN).

Maintenance works are usually outsourced to construction and consultant companies, micro-enterprises,

and individual personnel such as supervisors. To implement the projects in the CD plan, ABC must

develop a strong partnership with other concerned organizations including SEPCAM, transportation

agencies, and academic societies as well as individuals. It is strongly recommended that all seven projects

be executed at the same time in order to gain synergies and momentum for the CD plan.

5.4.4 Evaluation of Proposed Projects

The proposed projects can be evaluated using indexes such as relevance, social impact, expected negative

influences, and ABC’ views as summarized in Table 5.4.3. In any case, all projects (except Project-1) can

be started as soon as possible after the road disaster preventive department/unit is established at ABC.

Regarding Projects 2, 3, and 4, advanced technology for enhancement of disaster prevention management

can be obtained from overseas countries which have the latest information and technology in this field. As

stated in the previous section, some portions of Project 6 are already ongoing, and good outcomes have

been produced steadily. With regard to Project-7, both the time of execution and methods used should be

judged more carefully as funding is a political decision.

5 - 17

12

34

56

78

910

11

12

12

34

56

78

910

11

12

12

34

56

78

910

11

12

1

Pro

ject

on E

stablis

hm

ent

of

Road D

isast

er

Pre

ventive

Managem

ent

depart

ment

(unit)

Road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

depart

ment

(unit)

is

est

ablis

hed in S

NC

・Speci

fy p

linci

ple

of

SN

C r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

・Est

ablis

h r

oad D

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

depart

ment

(unit)

・Form

ula

te m

id a

nd long t

erm

pla

n o

n n

ational ro

ad

pre

ventive

managem

ent

・O

rganiz

e im

ple

menta

tion s

yste

m o

f ro

ad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

・Form

ula

te s

trate

gy

on S

NC r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

・Est

ablis

h r

ela

tionsh

ip w

ith o

ther

org

aniz

ations

2

Pro

ject

on R

oad D

isast

er

Pre

ventive T

ech

nolo

gy

Impro

vem

ent

Tech

nolo

gy

on r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

is

impro

ved

・Form

ula

te r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

pro

gra

m

・Pre

pare

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

manuals

・Tra

nsf

er

basi

c te

chnolo

gy

of

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

by

exp

ert

s

・O

bta

in r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

tech

nolo

gy

with

sem

inar,

etc

.

・Tra

in a

nd im

pro

ve t

ech

nolo

gy

on insp

ect

ion a

nd a

ssess

ment

of

haza

rdous

sect

ion in d

isast

er

・Im

pro

ve t

ech

nolo

gy

to s

ele

ct p

roperly

pre

ventive

measu

res

・Im

pro

ve t

ech

nolo

gy

to s

ele

ct p

roperly

pre

ventive

measu

res

・Enhance

enfo

rcem

ent

capabili

ty t

hro

ugh O

JT t

hro

ugh p

ilot

pro

ject

, etc

.

・Com

pile

data

and info

rmation o

n d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

・Colle

ct a

nd a

ccum

ula

te e

xpert

ise in d

isast

er

pre

vention

・Est

ablis

h d

ata

base

on p

ast

dis

ast

er

data

and info

rmation

・Est

ablis

h d

ata

base

on r

isk

sect

ion a

long n

ational hig

hw

ay

netw

ork

3

Pro

ject

on e

stablis

hm

ent

of

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

syst

em

Road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

syst

em

is

est

ablis

hed

・D

ete

rmin

e s

trate

gy

of

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

・Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy

on d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

at

pra

ctic

al le

vel

・Pre

pare

, sa

ve a

nd u

pdate

road insp

ect

ion r

eco

rds

periodic

ally

・Enhance

pre

sent

info

rmation c

om

munic

ation s

yste

m

・In

clude a

nnual pre

vention p

lan in P

OA

・Sele

ct p

reve

ntive

measu

res

and f

orm

ula

te e

xecu

tion p

lan

・Follo

w-u

p d

isast

er

pre

vention a

nd upgra

de e

valu

ation

syst

em

・Form

ula

te s

trate

gy

on r

ela

tive

dis

ast

er

pre

vention d

ata

base

・Est

ablis

h d

ata

base

on d

isast

er

insp

ect

ion r

esu

lt

Act

ivitie

sPro

ject

Purp

ose

Pro

ject

Nam

e1st

year

2nd y

ear

3rd

year

Fig

ure

5.4

.3 O

vera

ll sc

hedule

of

Pro

pose

d P

roje

cts

(1/2

)

5 - 18

12

34

56

78

910

11

12

12

34

56

78

910

11

12

12

34

56

78

910

11

12

4

Pro

ject

on im

pro

vem

ent

of

em

erg

ency

resp

onse

in

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

Dis

ast

er

pre

vention c

apabili

ty

in e

merg

ency

is

impro

ved

・Form

ula

te s

trate

gy

on e

merg

ency

eva

cuation s

yste

m

・Est

ablis

h e

arly

warn

ing s

yste

m

・Pro

vide r

oad u

ser

with d

isast

er

info

rmation o

n t

ime

・Est

ablis

h c

oopera

tive

rela

tion w

ith m

ilita

ry, polic

e a

nd loca

l

entities

conce

rned

・D

ete

rmin

e e

vacu

ation p

roce

dure

s

・D

ete

rmin

e o

vera

ll fr

am

ew

ork

of

dis

ast

er

resp

onse

at

em

erg

ency

・Est

ablis

h s

yste

m o

f em

erg

ency

mobili

zation o

f priva

te

sect

ors

・Pro

pose

and a

pply

pro

per

pre

ventive

measu

res

・Str

ength

en c

orp

ora

tive

rela

tion w

ith S

EPCO

M

・D

eve

lop law

s in

im

media

te e

merg

ency

resp

onse

・D

esi

gnate

pro

cedure

to d

ecl

are

of

dis

ast

er

em

erg

ency

5

Pro

ject

on r

oad info

rmation

enhance

ment

and

dis

closu

re

SN

C r

oad d

isast

er

act

ivitie

s

are

ack

now

ledged w

idely

・Enhance

public

rela

tions

and a

ctiv

itie

s w

ith b

ulle

tin a

nd W

eb

site

・H

old

sem

inar

on r

oad d

isast

er

pre

vention w

ith a

ssoci

ations

and u

niv

ers

itie

s

・H

old

sem

inar

on r

oad d

isast

er

pre

vention w

ith a

ssoci

ations

and u

niv

ers

itie

s

6

Pro

ject

on im

pro

vem

ent

of

tender

pro

cedure

s in

road

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

Capabili

ty o

f te

nder

pro

cedure

s in

dis

ast

er

pre

vention is

impro

ved

・Pre

pare

sta

ndard

docu

ments

for

tendering

・Consi

der

meth

od f

or

contr

act

・Acc

ele

rate

tra

nsa

ctio

n b

y co

ntr

act

com

mitte

e

・Sim

plif

y te

ndering a

nd a

ppro

val pro

cess

・Cla

rify

resp

onsi

bili

ty c

ove

rage o

f pers

onnel co

nce

rned

・Analy

sis

of

loca

l em

pow

erm

ent

in t

ender

and c

ontr

act

to S

NC

regio

nal off

ices

7

Pro

ject

on form

ula

tion o

f

stra

tegy p

rogra

m o

f

dis

ast

er

pre

vention b

udget

Dis

ast

er

pre

vention b

udget

is

obta

ined c

onst

antly

and

ass

ure

dly

・Secu

re N

ational Annual Budget

(TG

N)

・Secu

re N

ational Road M

ain

tenance

Budget

(CN

CV)

・Secu

re L

oca

l Contr

ibution B

udget

・Secu

re u

rgent

budget

for

em

erg

ency

of

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

・Secu

re O

vers

eas

Ass

ista

nt

Fund a

s pla

nned

・Secu

re n

ew

fin

anci

al re

sourc

e

・Est

ablis

h n

ew

Road D

isast

er

Pre

vention F

und

・O

pera

te d

isast

er

pre

vention b

udget

eff

icie

ntly

・Rest

rict

unpla

nned u

pgra

de f

rom

pre

fect

ure

road t

o n

ational

hig

hw

ay

1st

year

2nd y

ear

3rd

year

Pro

ject

Nam

ePro

ject

Purp

ose

Act

ivitie

s

Fig

ure

5.4

.3 O

vera

ll sc

hedule

of

pro

pose

d p

roje

cts

(2/2

)

5 - 19

Table

5.4

.3 Evalu

ation o

f Pro

pose

d P

roje

cts

Na

me

of

pro

ject

Pro

ject

on

E

sta

bli

sh

me

nt

of

Ro

ad

D

isa

ste

r P

reve

nti

ve

M

an

ag

em

en

t D

ep

art

me

nt

(un

it)

Pro

ject

on

Ro

ad

D

isa

ste

r P

reve

nti

ve

T

ech

no

log

y

Imp

rove

me

nt

Pro

ject

on

E

sta

bli

sh

me

nt

of

Ro

ad

D

isa

ste

r p

reve

nti

ve

m

an

ag

em

en

t S

yste

m

Pro

ject

on

im

pro

vem

en

t o

f e

me

rge

ncy r

esp

on

se

in

d

isa

ste

r p

reve

nti

on

Pro

ject

on

ro

ad

in

form

ati

on

e

nh

an

cem

en

t a

nd

d

isclo

su

re

Pro

ject

on

im

pro

vem

en

t o

f te

nd

er

pro

ced

ure

s i

n r

oa

d

dis

aste

r p

reve

nti

on

Pro

ject

on

fo

rmu

lati

on

o

f str

ate

gy p

rog

ram

of

dis

aste

r p

reve

nti

on

b

ud

ge

t

Pro

ject

purp

ose

Road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

depart

ment

(unit)

is

est

ablis

hed in A

BC

Tech

nolo

gy o

n r

oad

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive

m

anagem

ent

is im

pro

ved

Road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

syst

em

is

est

ablis

hed

Dis

ast

er

pre

vention

capabili

ty in e

merg

ency

is

impro

ved

ABC r

oad d

isast

er

act

ivitie

s are

ack

now

ledged w

idely

Capabili

ty o

f te

nder

pro

cedure

s in

dis

ast

er

pre

vention is

impro

ved

Dis

ast

er

pre

vention

budget

is c

ontinuousl

y

obta

ined

Outp

uts

Road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

mech

anis

m is

ach

ieved in

ABC

Dis

ast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

capabili

ty is

enhance

d

Effect

ive m

easu

res

for

risk

se

ctio

n a

re e

xecu

ted in

advance

Warn

ing/e

vacu

ation

syst

em

is

est

ablis

hed

Pro

mpt

em

erg

ency

re

sponse

to d

isast

er

is

conduct

ed

ABC s

oci

al co

ntr

ibution is

appre

ciate

d p

ublic

ly

Tender

pro

cedure

s are

co

nduct

ed p

rom

ptly

Dis

ast

er

pre

vention

act

ivitie

s are

continuousl

y

execu

ted

Rele

vance

Cente

r fo

r dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

is

est

ablis

hed

Lack

of dis

ast

er pre

ventive

tech

nolo

gy is

impro

ved

Acc

idents

induce

d b

y

natu

ral dis

ast

ers

are

re

duce

d d

ue t

o

est

ablis

hm

ent

of dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

Soci

al a

nd e

conom

ic lo

ss is

re

duce

d d

ue to e

merg

ency

pro

mpt

resp

onse

Soci

al lia

bili

ty is

obta

ined

due t

o incr

ease

of

transp

are

ncy

of ABC

Managem

ent

effic

iency

of

tendering is

impro

ved d

ue

to s

mooth

pro

cedure

s

Funds

are

secu

red a

nd

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive

m

anagem

ent

is e

xecu

ted

without

any t

rouble

Soci

al im

pact

G

reat

impact

to A

BC a

nd

SEPCO

M

Sm

all

soci

al im

pact

due t

o

tech

nic

al tr

ansf

err

ing

pro

ject

Gre

atly s

oci

al im

pact

due

to r

educt

ion o

f ro

ad

dis

ast

ers

Gre

atly s

oci

al and

eco

nom

ic im

pact

due t

o

pro

mpt

em

erg

ency

im

pact

Mid

dle

sca

le im

pact

due to

incr

ease

in a

ware

ness

of

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

act

ivitie

s by

ABC

Poss

ibili

ty o

f

ach

ievem

ent

Hig

h p

oss

ibili

ty b

eca

use

of

fundam

enta

l agre

em

ent

insi

de A

BC

Hig

h p

oss

ibili

ty t

o a

chie

ve

beca

use

of hig

h-leve

l st

aff

in A

BC

Hig

h p

oss

ibili

ty t

o a

chie

ve

beca

use

of w

ell

funct

ioned

org

aniz

ation o

f ABC H

.Q

and p

rovin

cial offic

es

Mid

dle

in p

oss

ibili

ty t

o

ach

ieve legal sy

stem

, se

cure

budget

and

coopera

te w

ith o

ther

agenci

es.

Hig

h p

oss

ibili

ty t

o a

chie

ve

due t

o a

vaila

bili

ty o

f w

eb-s

ite a

nd m

onth

ly

bulle

tin

Som

e p

art

s of pro

ject

have b

een p

roce

edin

g

with a

ssis

tance

of W

B,C

AF

and C

anadia

n g

ove

rnm

ent

It is

unce

rtain

to a

chie

ve

beca

use

of poss

ible

in

fluence

fro

m p

olit

ical

issu

e

Independence

poss

ibili

ties

Poss

ible

to o

pera

te b

y A

BC

aft

er

com

ple

tion o

f pro

ject

. It

is

nece

ssary

to

secu

re a

dequate

budget.

Sust

ain

abili

ty o

f dis

ast

er

pre

ventive t

ech

nolo

gy is

secu

red d

ue t

o w

ell

info

rmation s

haring

Sust

ain

abili

ty o

f pro

ject

is

se

cure

d d

ue t

o w

ell

coopera

tive r

ela

tionsh

ip

with A

BCs

and s

uperv

isors

and m

icro

-ente

rprise

s

Em

erg

ency

budget

is

secu

red a

nd r

ela

tionsh

ip

with S

EPCO

M is

nece

ssary

Sust

ain

abili

ty is

main

tain

ed w

ith w

ell

funct

ion o

f dis

ast

er

pre

ventive d

epart

ment

(unit)

Expect

ed n

egative

influence

N

o n

egative

influence

No n

egative

influence

N

o n

egative

influence

In

the c

ase

of not

bein

g

resp

onsi

ble

, sy

stem

is

not

funct

ional

Effect

ive o

f pro

ject

is

dependent

on c

onte

nts

of

art

icle

pre

sente

d

No n

egative

influence

There

are

som

e

poss

ibili

ties

for

ABC t

o b

e

explo

ited for

polit

ical

purp

ose

s

ABC' vie

w

Tech

nic

al ass

ista

nce

fro

m

donor

countr

ies

is

request

ed

Tech

nic

al ass

ista

nce

fro

m

donor

countr

ies

is

request

ed

Tech

nic

al ass

ista

nce

fro

m

donor

countr

ies

is

request

ed

Tech

nic

al ass

ista

nce

fro

m

donor

countr

ies

is

request

ed

ABC c

an c

arr

y o

ut

independently

At

pre

sent, r

efo

rmation

pro

gra

m is

under

goin

g

back

uped b

y W

B, CAF a

nd

CID

A

Polit

ical ju

dgm

ent

is

nece

ssary

for

deci

de w

hen

it s

tart

s

Com

pre

hensi

ve e

valu

ation

Pro

mpt

exe

cution is

needed

Aft

er

est

ablis

hm

ent

of

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

depart

ment, p

rom

pt

execu

tion is

needed

Aft

er

est

ablis

hm

ent

of

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

depart

ment, p

rom

pt

execu

tion is

needed

Aft

er

est

ablis

hm

ent

of

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

depart

ment, p

rom

pt

execu

tion is

needed

Aft

er

est

ablis

hm

ent

of

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

depart

ment, p

rom

pt

execu

tion is

needed

Part

of pro

pose

d p

roje

ct

has

been a

lready

conduct

ing

It is

import

ant

to s

tart

im

media

tely

but nece

ssary

to

judge t

imin

g o

f execu

tion

5 - 20

5.5 Scope of the CD Plan in the JICA Study

5.5.1 JICA Study in the CD Plan

The JICA study covers Projects 1, 2, and 3, but mainly focuses on activities under Project 2 as shown in

Figure 5.5.1.

5.5.2 Content and Meteorology of the JICA Study

The framework of CD plan activities carried out in the JICA project is shown in Figure 5.5.2 and Table

5.5.1. These activities target ABC’s capability enhancement at the personnel, organizational, and social

and institutional levels. As indicated in Table 5.5.1, capacity development at the personnel level consists

of road disaster preventive management technology transfer through cooperative works with ABC

counterparts. Development at the organization level consists of provision of intellectual property such as

technical manuals, standards, and guidelines; and establishment of a database. Table 5.5.2 presents the

contents of CD activities and the implementation schedule of JICA experts in charge in the JICA project,

and Table 5.5.3 PDM0 (Project Design Matrix)

5.5.3 Relationship between the Pilot Project and CD Plan

The pilot project, mainly intended to transfer preventive structural measures technology to ABC

counterparts, was carried out after slope failure along National Highway 7 between Angostura and

Samaipata in Santa Cruz Prefecture caused by heavy rain. The scope of the pilot project consisted of

capacity development in the areas of geotechnical investigation, design of disaster preventive

countermeasures, cost evaluation, supervision, justification of construction works, and similar areas. The

relation between the pilot project and the CD plan is shown in Figure 5.5.1.

5.5.4 Relation between Manual Created in the Study and CD Plan

The manual prepared in the study is in accordance with “Formulation of manual preparation for road

disaster preventive management” in the CD plan as shown in Figure 5.5.1. The Disaster Management

Manual is currently under preparation in collaboration with JICA and ABC counterparts and is divided

into five (5) guides as shown below:

1) Guide-1: Inspection and Plan

2) Guide-2: Disaster Prevention Measures

3) Guide-3: Ordinary Maintenance

4) Guide-4: Emergency Management

5) Guide-5: Restoration

It is recommended that the manual be revised in response to comments given to the study team and that it

be officially authorized by the ABC president and Boarding Committee.

Determine overall

framework of

disaster response

at emergencyFormulate strategy

on emergency

evacuation system

Establish

cooperative

structure with

military, police and

local entities

concerned

Prepare standard

documents for

tendering

Transfer basic

tecnology of road

disaster preventive

management

Compile data and

information on

disaster preventive

management

Simplify tendering

and approval

process

Secure National

Annual Burget

(TGN)

Secure new

financial resources

Overa

ll G

oal

Pro

jec

t P

urp

ose

Ou

tpu

tsA

cti

vit

ies

Restrict unplaned

upgrade from

prefecture road to

national highway

Secure National

Road Maintenance

urget (CNCV)

Secure Local

Contribution Burget

Secure urgent

budget for

emergency of

disaster prevention

Secure overseas

assistant Fund as

planed

Clarify

responsibility

coverage of

personnel

concerned

Operate disaster

prevention burget

efficiently

Analysis of local

empowerment in

tender and contract

to SNC regional

office

Train road disaster

preventive

management

technology with

seminar, etc.

Train and improve

technology of

inspection,

evaluation in road

dasaster prevention

Collect and

accumulate

expertise in

disaster prevention

Establish

database on

disaster data

and information

Establish database

on risk section s

along national highway network

Establish system of

quick contract with

private sectors

Strengten

cooperative

relationship with

Sepcom

Develop laws in

immediate

emergency

response

Establish new Road

Disaster Prevention

Fund

Consider method

for conract

Accelerate

transaction of

contract committee

Establish early

warning system

Provide road user

with disaster

informstion on time

Prepare road

disaster

preventive

management

manuales

Disaster prevention

activities are

continuously

executed

Road disaster

preventive department

(unit) is established in

ABC

Disaster prevention

capability in

emergency is

improved

Capability of tender

procedures in disaster

prevention is improved

Disaster prevention

budget is obtained

Overall goal

Continuous Road Disaster Preventive

Management is executed in ABC

Super goal: Road disasters in Bolivia are reduced

Specify plinciple of

ABC road disaster

preventive

management

Formulate mid-long

term plan on

national road

preventive

management

Organize

iimplementation

system of road

disaster preventive

management

Propose and apply

proper preventive

measures

Establish road

disasterpreventive

management

department (unit)

Disaster preventive

management capability

of ABC is enhanced

Prompt emergency

response to

disaster is

conducted

Warning/evacuation

system is

established

Tender procedures are

conducted promptly

Formulate road

disaster preventive

management

program

Road disaster preventive

mechanism is achieved in

ABC

Technology on road

disaster preventive

management is

improved

Enhance

steakholder to

understand

importance of road

disaster prevention

Hold seminar on

road disaster

prevention with

association and

universities

ABC social contribution is

appreciated publicly

ABC road disaster

activities are

acknowledged widely

Formulate strategy

on dasaster

prevention

databese

Determine strategy

of disaster

preventive

management

Transfer technology

on disaster

preventive

management at

practical level

Prepare, save and

update road

inspection records

Follow-up strategy

on relatived

disaster prevention

databese

Road disaster

preventive

management system is

established

Formulate

starategy on ABC

road disaster

preventive

management

Establish

relationship with

other organization

Improve technology

to select properly

preventive

countermeasures

Enhance capability

to prepare

technical

specification

Enhance

enforcement

capability through

OJT of pilot project,

etc.

Adopt annual

prevention plan to

POA

Enhance present

information

communication

system

Sellect preventive

measures and

formulate execution

plan

Establish databese

on disaster

inspection result

Determine

evacuation

procedured

Designate

procedure to

declare of disaster

emergency

Enhance public

relations and

activities with

bulletin and web

site

Project on Establishment of Road

Disaster Preventive Management

Department (unit)

Project on Road Disaster

Preventive Technology

Improvement

Project on Establishment of Road

Disaster preventive management

System

Project on improvement of

emergency respose in disaster

prevention

Project on road information

enhancement and disclosure

Project on improvement of tender

procedures in road disaster prevention

Project on formulation of strategy

program of disaster prevention

budget

Figure 5.5.1 Relation between the CD activities and the CD plan

LEGEND

Activities will be partialy executed through transfer

tecnology in the development study

Activities will be executed in the development study

Activities will be partialy executed through the pilot

project in the development study5 - 21

5 - 23

Transfer basic

tecnology of road

disaster preventive

management

Compile data and

information on disaster

preventive managemen

Ov

era

ll

Go

al

Ou

tpu

tsA

cti

vit

ies

Train road disaster

preventive management

technology with seminar,

etc.

Train and improve

technology of inspection,

evaluation in road

dasaster prevention

Establish database on

disaster data and

information

Prepare road disaster

preventive management

manuales

Overall Goal:Continuous road disaster preventive

management is executed in ABC

Super Goal: Road disaster in Bolivia are reduced

Specify plinciple of ABC

road disaster preventive

management

1. Inspection and maintenance system of

road disaster is established in ABC

2.ABC personnel related to road disaster

prevention are encouraged trough JICA project

technology on disaster

preventive management at

practical level

Prepare, save and update

road inspection records

Improve technology to

select properly

preventive

countermeasures

Enhance capability

to prepare technical

specification

Enhance enforcement

capability through OJT

of pilot project, etc.

Activities will be executed in the development study

Activities will be partialy executed through transfer

tecnology in the development study

Activities will be partialy executed through the pilot

project in the development study

ABC capacity development of road disaster

preventive management is enhanced through

support by JICA

Establish road disasterpreventive

management department (unit)

Figure 5.5.2 Framework of CD Activities

5 - 24

Table

5.5

.1 Fra

mew

ork

of

Capaci

ty D

evelo

pm

ent

(CD

) Pla

n

CD

ob

jecti

ve

s

Ta

rge

t o

f C

D

Ex

pe

cte

d e

ffe

cti

ve

ne

ss b

y C

D

Typ

e o

f C

D

Ap

pli

ed

me

tho

d t

o C

D

Ind

ivid

ua

l

level

・Sta

ff o

f each

depart

ment

in A

BC

・Sta

ff o

f each

regio

nal off

ice in

ABC

・Superv

isors

・M

icro

ente

rprise

・SEPCO

Ms

・Private

sect

ors

(Contr

act

ors

,

Unio

ns

and a

ssoci

ations)

・Tech

nolo

gy t

ransf

er

of

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

・Est

ablis

hm

ent of ro

ad d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent sy

stem

・Enhance

ment

capabili

ty t

o p

lan, m

anage a

nd insp

ect

pre

ventive m

easu

res

・Enhance

ment

of ca

pabili

ty t

o p

repare

tech

nic

al sp

eci

fica

tion

for

tendering

・Str

ength

of

tech

nolo

gy in w

arn

ing/e

vacu

ation

・Pro

motion o

f In

form

ation s

haring a

nd e

xch

angin

g a

mong A

BC

・Tech

nic

al k

now

ledge a

nd s

kill

on road

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

・Abili

ty t

o judge in r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

on t

ech

nic

al

basi

s ・Pra

ctic

al sk

ill t

o p

lan, execu

te a

nd

evalu

ate

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

measu

res

・Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy b

y e

xpert

s

・Part

icip

ation in t

rain

ing c

ours

es

and s

em

inars

・Pre

para

tion o

f ro

ad d

isast

er

regis

tration r

eco

rds

・Pre

para

tion o

f m

anuals

・Execu

tion o

f ro

ad d

isast

er

regis

tration r

eco

rdin

g

base

d o

n m

anual

・O

n t

he job t

rain

ing o

f pla

nnin

g, m

anagem

ent

and e

valu

ation o

n d

isast

er

measu

res

at

pilo

t pro

ject

Org

an

iza

tio

na

l le

vel

・Each

depart

ment

in A

BC

・Each

regio

nal off

ice in A

BC

・SEPCO

Ms

・Enco

ura

gem

ent

of

dis

sem

inating c

apabili

ty o

f dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

to o

uts

ide o

f ABC

・Est

ablis

hm

ent

of execu

tion o

rganiz

ation o

f dis

ast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

・Est

ablis

hm

ent

of tr

ain

ing s

yst

em

for

speci

alis

ts in d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

・Str

ength

of

risk

evalu

ation s

yst

em

on c

ritica

l se

ctio

n a

long

national netw

ork

s

・Enhance

ment

of ca

pabili

ty o

f w

arn

ing a

nd e

vacu

ation

・Est

ablis

hm

ent

of in

form

ation c

om

munic

ation s

yst

em

・Enhance

ment

of abili

ty t

o p

repare

, re

new

and s

tore

road

dis

ast

er

regis

tration r

eco

rds

・Est

ablis

hm

ent

syst

em

of

em

erg

ency

resp

onse

・Sm

ooth

mobili

zation o

f "C

ontr

act

evalu

ation c

om

mitte

e"

・Form

ula

tion o

f m

anuals

, guid

elin

es

and d

esi

gn s

tandard

・Build

ing u

p d

ata

base

s on t

ech

nic

al in

form

ation

・Est

ablis

hm

ent

of co

opera

tive r

ela

tionsh

ip w

ith o

ther

agenci

es

・Form

ula

tion o

f m

iddle

-long t

erm

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive p

lan

・Im

pro

vem

ent to

pre

pare

tendering d

ocu

ment and s

peci

fica

tion

・Sim

plif

ication o

f te

ndering d

ocu

menta

tion

・Form

ula

tion o

f obta

inm

ent

of

fund a

nd b

udget

・Capaci

ty t

o p

rom

ote

road d

isast

er

pre

vention in A

BC

・Speci

alis

t w

ith t

ech

nolo

gy a

nd s

kill

in

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

in A

BC

・Capabili

ty t

o f

orm

ula

te d

isast

er

pre

ventive p

lan a

nd o

bta

in f

und/

budget

・M

ate

rials

and d

ata

nece

ssary

for

perf

orm

ance

・In

form

ation, in

telle

ctual pro

pert

y,

tech

nic

al know

-how

・Faci

litating s

kill

in

managin

g ,re

gula

tions

and s

yst

em

in

ABC

・Coopera

tive s

yst

em

with o

uts

ide

agenci

es

・Est

ablis

hm

ent

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

depart

ment/

unit a

nd e

nhance

ment

of

its

managem

ent

・Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy b

y e

xpert

s

・D

evelo

pm

ent

of

capaci

ty w

ith P

art

icip

ation in

work

shops

and s

em

inars

・Est

ablis

hm

ent

of

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

and t

ech

nolo

gy s

upport

・Pro

vis

ion o

f te

chnic

al m

anuals

, guid

ance

and

standard

s ・Support

of

est

ablis

hm

ent

of

data

base

・Tech

nic

al sp

eci

fica

tion, su

pport

of

impro

vem

ent

of

tendering

Syste

m/so

cie

ty

level

・All

agenci

es

and p

ers

ons

rela

ted

road d

isast

er

pre

vention

・People

, lo

cal and indust

rial

soci

eties

・Low

and r

egula

tion, polic

y, etc

.

・Act

, national polic

y

・O

rganiz

ation s

truct

ure

, auth

ority

・Appro

val of

CD

pla

n b

y A

BC p

resi

dent

・Est

ablis

hm

ent

of dis

ast

er

pre

ventive

unit

・Reco

gnitio

n o

f im

port

ance

of

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

・U

pdate

and e

stablis

hm

ent

of la

ws

and r

egula

tions

・Secu

ring o

f national budget

of

dis

ast

er

pre

vention

・Eff

ect

ively

allo

cation a

nd m

obili

zation b

y L

oan c

redit

・Est

ablis

hm

ent

of definitely

coopera

tive r

ela

tionsh

ip w

ith o

ther

agenci

es.

・ABC A

CT, oth

er

regula

tions

・Road d

isast

er

rela

ted law

s

・Tendering r

egula

tion, re

late

d law

s

・In

frast

ruct

ure

, m

ach

ine, etc

.

・D

onor's

coopera

tive s

yst

em

・Coopera

tion w

ith o

ther

agenci

es

・In

stitutional re

form

in A

BC

・Enact

ment

and r

evis

ion o

f la

ws

rela

ting d

isast

er

pre

vention

・Aw

are

ness

of

dis

ast

er

info

rmation t

o t

he p

ublic

with W

eb-s

ite a

nd n

ew

slett

er.

・ABC's

role

and o

blig

ation a

t em

erg

ency

crisi

s

・H

old

ing P

eriodic

al

donor's

meeting

・H

old

ing s

takehold

er

meeting

Note

: ・ I

tem

s in

red c

an b

e identified a

s th

e C

D a

ctiv

itie

s in

the J

ICA p

roje

ct, in

cludin

g t

ransf

er

tech

nolo

gy t

o A

BC indiv

iduals

and p

rovi

sion o

f te

chnic

al know

-how

and s

kill

conce

rnin

g r

oad d

isast

er

regis

tration

reco

rdin

g a

nd m

anuals

to A

BC.

・ Q

ualit

y c

ontr

ol of docu

menta

tion a

nd t

ransa

ctio

n, W

B p

roce

edin

g a

t pre

sent,

is

main

task

by W

B. JI

CA m

ay s

upport

it

indirect

ly.

・ S

upport

for

impro

vem

ent

of

pro

cure

ment

syst

em

in t

endering w

ill b

e p

lanned b

y W

B in t

he p

roje

ct o

f BO

-3630.

5 - 25

Table 5.5.2 The Contents and Implementation Schedule of CD Activities in JICA Project

May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June

1）Specify principle of ABC road disaster preventive

management

2）Establish road disaster preventive management

department (unit)

3）Prepare road disaster preventive management

manualsDisaster prevention manual ・Counterparts manual)

4）Transfer basic technology of road disaster

preventive management

Road disaster prevention, Design, Natural

condition, Geologist・Persons in ABC headquarters

5）Training road disaster preventive management

technology with seminaries.

Road disaster prevention, Design, Manual,

Geologist

・Persons in ABC headquarters

・Persons in ABC regional offices/ SEPCOM

・Contractors

6）Train and improve technology of inspection,

evaluation in road disaster prevention

7）Compile data and information on disaster preventive

management

8）Establish database on disaster data and information 　 　

　①Instruct onsite road disaster registration recording

(OJT)Natural condition survey

・Persons in ABC headquarters

・Persons in ABC regional offices/contractors

　②Establish road disaster registration database

　③Formulate road disaster preventive management

9）Transfer technology on disaster preventive

management at practical level

　①Explain manuals to related agencies・Persons in ABC headquarters

・Persons in ABC regional offices

　②Revise manual・Counterparts manual)

・Persons in ABC regional offices

　③Transfer road disaster preventive management

using manual (OJT)

10）Prepare, save and update road inspection

11）Improve technology to select properly preventive

countermeasures

　①Geological investigation for selection of preventive

measuresNatural condition survey

　②Methodology of disaster measures selection Design, Natural condition survey

12）Enhance capability to prepare technical

specification　 　

　①Topographic survey Natural condition survey

　②design design

　③pilot project Construction plan/cost estimate/supervisor

13）Enhance enforcement capability through OJT of

pilot project, etc.

　①Support tender of topographic/geological survey

　②Plan/execute/analysis geological investigation

　③Support tender of design of measures

　④Design road disaster preventive measures

　⑤Plan of disaster construction management and

estimate construction cost

　⑥Support order of pilot work

　⑦Execute construction supervision of pilot works

　⑧Inspect completion of pilot work

<Support for CD activities by JICA experts>

<Support for CD activities through pilot project>

　Capacity development 1, 2 ・Counterparts（CD）

Natural condition survey

<Items of CD activities> JICA expert in chargeTarget persons of CD

activities

2006 2007

・Persons in ABC headquarters

・Persons in ABC regional offices/contractors

Database/GIS・Counterparts（GIS）

・Persons in ABC regional offices

Disaster prevention manual

・Persons in ABC regional offices/contractors

・Micro enterprises

・Persons in ABC headquarters

・Persons in ABC regional offices/contractors

・Persons in ABC regional offices

・Persons in ABC regional offices/contractors

・Persons in ABCheadquarters

・Persons in ABC regional offices/contractors

Construction plan/cost estimate/supervisor

Natural condition survey

Design

5 - 26

Table

5.5

.3 PD

M0 o

f CD

Act

ivitie

s in

JIC

A P

roje

ct

Pro

ject

Nam

e: C

apac

ity D

evel

opm

ent (

CD

) ac

tiviti

es fo

r A

BC

roa

d di

sast

er p

reve

ntiv

e m

anag

emen

t D

urat

ion

of p

roje

ct: O

ctob

er 1

9, 2

005

to th

e m

iddl

e of

Jun

e, 2

007

(21m

onth

s)

Ver

.No:

PD

M0

Mai

n B

ody

of A

ctiv

ities

: Hea

dqua

rter

s an

d re

gion

al o

ffice

of A

BC

, and

oth

er r

elat

ed p

erso

ns

A

s of

May

24,

200

6

Na

rra

tive

Su

mm

ary

O

bje

cti

ve

ly V

eri

fia

ble

in

dic

ato

rs

Me

an

s o

f V

eri

fica

tio

n

Imp

ort

an

t A

ssu

mp

tio

n

Su

pe

r G

oa

l:

Road d

isast

ers

in B

oliv

ia a

re r

educe

d.

Ove

rall

Go

al:

Continuous

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

is

exe

cute

d in A

BC

-

Long t

erm

blo

ckade c

ause

d b

y n

atu

ral dis

ast

ers

is

reduce

d a

long n

ational hig

hw

ays

in B

oliv

ia.

-

Budget

for

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

is

secu

red a

nnually

.

-

Report

on r

oad d

isast

ers

by m

ain

tenance

depart

ment

and/o

r re

gio

nal offic

es

in A

BC

-

Fin

anci

al re

port

by fin

anci

al depart

ment

in A

BC

-

ABC’s

inner

stru

ctura

l is

not

changed d

rast

ically

.

Pro

ject

pu

rpo

se

: ABC C

apaci

ty D

evelo

pm

ent

of ro

ad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

is e

nhance

d t

hro

ugh s

upport

by J

ICA

exp

ert

s.

1.

ABC's

princi

ple

in road d

isast

er pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

is d

efined (

ABC p

resi

dent's

appro

val of th

e C

D p

lan)

2.

Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy in r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

is a

chie

ved e

ffect

ively

in A

BC.

3.

Know

ledge a

nd k

now

-how

rela

ted t

o r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

is a

ccum

ula

ted in A

BC.

4.

Road d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

is c

onduct

ed

base

d o

n t

he m

anual co

nst

antly in A

BC.

1.

Off

icia

l docu

ment

to p

rove A

BC p

resi

dent's

appro

val of

the C

D p

lan. (A

BC p

resi

dent's

signatu

re)

2.

CD

evalu

ation r

eport

(JI

CA e

xpert

s), in

terv

iew

reco

rds

3.

Off

icia

l docu

ment

to p

rove A

BC p

resi

dent

appro

val of

the m

anual (A

BC p

resi

dent's

signatu

re)

4.

Road d

isast

er

regis

tration r

eco

rds,

road d

isast

er

insp

ect

ion s

heets

, ro

ad d

isast

er

data

base

, ra

infa

ll obse

rvation r

eco

rds

and inte

rvie

w r

eco

rds.

-

Counte

rpart

s are

secu

red c

ontinuousl

y d

uring t

he

pro

ject

.

Ou

tpu

ts:

1.

Road insp

ect

ion a

nd m

ain

tenance

syst

em

of ro

ad

dis

ast

er

is e

stablis

hed in A

BC.

2.

ABC p

ers

onnel havin

g k

now

ledge a

nd s

kill

in r

oad

dis

ast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

are

enco

ura

ged

thro

ugh J

ICA p

roje

ct.

1.

Road d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

unit is

est

ablis

hed a

nd its

exe

cuting s

yst

em

is

fixe

d

2.

Manuals

and d

ata

base

s on r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

are

fully

equip

ped.

3.

Critica

l and h

ighly

ris

k p

oin

ts a

long n

ational hig

hw

ays

are

reveale

d r

outinely

by r

oad d

isast

er

regis

tration

reco

rdin

g a

nd insp

ect

ion, and p

rom

pt

resp

onse

is

impro

ved

4.

Tra

nsf

er te

chnolo

gy is

ach

ieved b

y tra

inin

g a

nd s

em

inar

to A

BC s

taff c

once

rned.

1.

Mem

ber

list

of ro

ad d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

depart

ment/

unit, act

ivity r

eport

. 2.

Road d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anuals

, ro

ad d

isast

er

data

base

3.

Road d

isast

er

regis

tration r

eco

rds,

report

of

counte

rmeasu

res

to r

oad d

isast

ers

, evalu

ation c

heck

ing

list

4.

Evalu

ation c

heck

lis

t, q

uest

ionnaire s

urv

ey t

o s

em

inar

part

icip

ants

, in

terv

iew

reco

rds,

const

ruct

ion r

eco

rd

-

Coopera

tion fro

m A

BC h

eadquart

ers

and r

egio

nal

off

ices

is s

ecu

red c

ontinuousl

y d

uring t

he p

roje

ct.

-

Opport

unity t

o o

bta

in t

ech

nolo

gy is

secu

red.

-

Tra

ined e

ngin

eers

continue t

o w

ork

for

ABC

Acti

vit

ies:

1.

Speci

fy p

rinci

ple

of ABC r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

(ABC p

resi

dent

appro

val)

2.

Est

ablis

h r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

depart

ment

(unit)

3.

Pre

pare

road d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent m

anuals

4.

Tra

nsf

er

basi

c te

chnolo

gy o

f ro

ad d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

5.

Tra

inin

g r

oad d

isast

er

pre

ventive m

anagem

ent

tech

nolo

gy w

ith s

em

inaries.

6.

Tra

in a

nd im

pro

ve t

ech

nolo

gy o

f in

spect

ion, evalu

ation

in r

oad d

isast

er

pre

vention

7.

Com

pile

data

and info

rmation o

n d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

8.

Est

ablis

h d

ata

base

on d

isast

er

data

and info

rmation

9.

Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy o

n d

isast

er

pre

ventive

managem

ent

at

pra

ctic

al le

vel

10.

Pre

pare

, sa

ve a

nd u

pdate

road insp

ect

ion

11.

Impro

ve t

ech

nolo

gy t

o s

ele

ct p

roperly p

reventive

counte

rmeasu

res

12.

Enhance

capabili

ty t

o p

repare

tech

nic

al sp

eci

fica

tion

13.

Enhance

enfo

rcem

ent

capabili

ty t

hro

ugh O

JT o

f pilo

t pro

ject

, etc

.

Inp

uts

: <

Japan>

Pers

onnel

[J

ICA P

roje

ct t

eam

] Team

Leader/

Road D

isast

er

Pre

vention

10.2

7 M

/MD

eputy

Team

Leader/

Capaci

ty D

evelo

pm

ent

9.4

4 M

/MD

esi

gn for

Road D

isast

er

Pre

vention

5.2

7 M

/MD

isast

er

Pre

vention M

anual

8.1

7 M

/MG

eolo

gis

t fo

r Colla

pse

Mech

anis

m

2.0

0 M

/MN

atu

ral Conditio

n S

urv

ey

4.1

0 M

/MConst

ruct

ion P

lannin

g a

nd C

ost

Est

imation

10.7

7 M

/MEnvironm

enta

l Ass

ess

ment

2.3

0 M

/MCapaci

ty D

evelo

pm

ent

7.1

7 M

/MD

ata

base

/GIS

1.0

0 M

/M Tota

l

60.4

9 M

/M H

old

ing o

f tr

ain

ing a

nd s

em

inar

3 t

imes

Tra

nsf

er

tech

nolo

gy t

hro

ugh p

ilot

pro

ject

2 t

ypes

of

(slo

pe failu

re a

t ro

ad s

hould

er

stru

cture

and fra

me w

ork

for

slope s

tabili

ty)

measu

res

Pro

vis

ion o

f m

ate

rials

G

IS s

oft

ware

1 s

et

<ABC in B

oliv

ia>

Pers

onnel

[ABC h

eadquart

ers

(Counte

rpart

s)]

Chie

f co

ord

inato

r

1 p

ers

on

Coord

inato

r

1 p

ers

on

Pla

nnin

g a

nd r

ese

arc

h d

epart

ment

3 p

ers

ons

Soci

al environm

enta

l depart

ment

2 p

ers

ons

Const

ruct

ion d

epart

ment

2 p

ers

ons

Main

tenance

depart

ment

1 p

ers

on

Fin

anci

al depart

ment

1 p

ers

on

Just

ice d

epart

ment

1 p

ers

on

Tota

l 12 p

ers

ons

Pro

vis

ion o

f fa

cilit

ies

1 s

et

Pre

co

nd

itio

ns:

-

No p

olit

ical co

nflic

t ta

kes

pla

ce.

5 - 27

5.6 Recommendations for the CD Plan

(1) Sustainability

For promoting the proposed projects, the most important considerations are project ownership by ABC

and the stable obtainment of execution funds and budget. Regarding project ownership, establishment of

the road disaster preventive management department/unit in ABC described in Project-1 is the first

priority of the CD plan. Consistent budget acquisition will require ABC’s strong intention to achieve the

projects, to increase awareness by the public, and to gain approval and assistance from the related

government organizations involved.

(2) Schedule of implementation and framework of the CD plan

It is essential that the proposed projects in the CD plan be carried out simultaneously and extensively

within three (3) years as planned. Among the proposed projects, Project-1 is the most important and

should be completed as soon as possible. Since Project-2 and 3 are related in terms of project contents, it

is possible to conduct them as one project.

(3) Monitoring and evaluation

Aiming at sustainability and effectiveness of the CD plan, project monitoring and evaluation should be

conducted continuously throughout project implementation. The evaluation should be conducted based on

the following evaluation index, as described in “PCM: Monitoring and Evaluation Based on the PCM

Method: FASID, Japan:”

1) Relevance

2) Efficiency

3) Effectiveness

4) Impacts

5) Sustainability

(4) Establishment of the disaster prevention department /unit and selection of its

members

Members of the department/unit are strongly recommended to have knowledge and experience with road

disaster preventive management. Particularly, the present counterparts working with the JICA study team

are considered to be suitable as members of the department/unit, because they have already obtained road

disaster preventive management skills through technology transfer by JICA experts. At least seven (7)

members are recommended to be assigned to the disaster prevention department/unit as follows:

− Project manager (project leader)

− Geologist / geotechnical engineer

− Hydro / Hydrologist

− Design / cost estimate expert

− Financial expert

− Judicial expert

− Secretary (excellent in English)

5 - 28

(5) Disaster preventive works under the pilot project

The pilot project did not cover all types of preventive structural measures considered for use in Bolivia

due to JICA budget constraints. Several disaster preventive measures, for example measures against

debris flow, rock mass collapse / rock fall, and large scale landslide, could not be selected in spite of ABC

requests. Natural road disasters occur frequently in Bolivia as a result of the Andes Region’s unique

geological characteristics. It is believed that technical transfer through OJT (on-the-job-training) as in the

pilot project will be more efficient and effective than classroom training.

(6) Cooperative implementation of the CD Plan with Donors

In Bolivia, the CD plan formulated during the JICA project is the first comprehensive plan for

enhancement of road disaster preventive management. As a result of discussions regarding the CD plan

with WB, IDB, and CAF, they expressed their desire to make cooperative contributions towards

implementation of the CD plan. It is recommended that ABC develop a detailed action plan to accelerate

the CD plan with support from other organization and donors.

Chapter 6

Site Survey and Creation of Road Disaster Registration System

6 - 1

Chapter 6 Site Survey and Creation of Road Disaster Registration

System

6.1 General

The field survey along the selected national highways was carried out by ABC counterpart under the

instruction of JICA expert in order to specify the critical sites from a viewpoint of geological perception.

The risk points concerning sediment-related road disaster were finally identified at the past disaster sites

on the basis of present disaster potential. The sections and period for the site survey were listed in Table

6.1.1.

Table 6.1.1 Sections and Period of Site Survey

Section Period of the Survey Route No.

From To Distance

From To

Route 3 Cotapata Yucumo 275km Dec. 1, ’05 Dec. 6, ’05

Route 4 Colomi Ivirgarzama 172km Nov. 14, ’05 Nov. 15, ’05

Route 7 Epizana El Torno 337km Nov. 16, ’05 Nov. 18, 05

Route 16 Charazani Apolo 164km Nov. 25, ’05 Nov. 27, ’05

As a result of the survey, 259 sites were identified as high risk sites and “diagnosis cards” were prepared

at each site with descriptions of following items. Diagnosis card is shown in Figure 6.1.1.

− Route No.

− Approximate distance*

− Disaster type

− Geology (condition of bedrock, weathering)

− Type of existing countermeasure work

− Foreseen risks

− Sketch or photograph

− Date of survey

− Proposed countermeasure work * Distance is identified based on the display of car odometer indicating the kilometer from a starting point.

It is essential that the diagnosis cards prepared in the site survey by compiled for future road disaster

preventive management. Hazard level of each site in the diagnosis cards was determined by the following

criteria.

− Hazard Level A: Slope is clearly unstable and preventive measures are urgently required.

− Hazard Level B: Slope is unstable. Additional investigation and judgment are required for

application of preventive measures.

− Hazard Level C: Slope is rather unstable. Continuously monitoring is required.

− Hazard Level D: Slope is almost stable. No preventive measures are required.

6 - 2

DIAGNOSIS CARD FOR ROAD DISASTERS Classification Number： 18 (16:40) GPS Number： 290

Record of Inspection

Route Number. 3 121.5 Km Date: 01/ 12 / 2005 Weather

Conditions：

Latitude (S) 16 ゜ 02 ′ 08,1 ″ Longitude (O) 67 ゜ 37 ′ 57,1 ″ Checked by： Hayashi

Disaster type： Rock fall Main Reasons： Block separation

Type of Structure： Gravel road Dimension（H/L）： 10 mt / 10 mt

Geology・Geological Structure： Steeply dipping sandstone. Meteorological

Characteristics：

> 3000 mm/year

20 ºC

Rocks： Hard and massive.

Weathering・Shearing： Weak to none. Stability

Superficial・Underground

Water：

Not observed.

Existent Preventive Works： None.

Foreseen Risk （Influence over the road）： Covered with blocks.

Remarks： Downhill bedding plane. N30°W, 57°E.

Proposed Works： Free frame with rock anchor.

Record of Photographs

Front Photograph

Sketch

Partial Photograph 1

Partial Photograph 2

Partial Photograph 3

Partial Photograph 4

Record of Disasters

Point (km) Disaster Type Date and Time of Ocurrence

Days with the road close

Risk Classification Implemented Preventive

Works

Figure 6.1.1 Diagnosis Card

6 - 3

6.2 Summary of the Results

The locations of the risk sites identified in the site survey are shown in Figure 6.2.1 ~Figure 6.2.4 and

results of the site survey were summarized in Table 6.2.1 ~ Table 6.2.4. The general conditions in risk of

each selected national highways are at the time of the site survey as follows:

(1) Route 3

97 disaster sites were identified on Route 3, where 42 sites of rock fall and 28 sites of debris fall

accounted for 44% and 30% respectively. In the mountainous area between 125km and 134km, where

terrain of over-steep cliffs along the road and the river is mainly underlain by steeply dipping massive

sandstone, rock falls are caused by block separation of loosened joint planes.

In the hilly area between 290km and 310km, rock falls are caused by differential weathering of gently

dipping reddish brown sandstone and siltstone.

No disaster site at hazard level A exists in this section.

(2) Route 4

27 disaster sites were examined on Route 4. Distribution of these sites is restricted in the section between

70km and 144km; while 10 sites are evaluated hazard level A.

7 sites of large-scale debris flow are located in the lower parts of tributary streams. They are caused by

slope failures of their catchment area. A large-scale landslide occurred at the point of 114.2km, which

seems to be caused by unsuitable cutting with construction of the road.

(3) Route 7

53 disaster sites were checked on Route 7, where 17 sites of rock fall and 16 sites of debris fall are

distributed. Furthermore, 6 sites of debris flow are observed in the district between 233km and 438km,

which is called “Siberia”. A large-scale landslide occurred at the point of 270.9km.

6 sites are evaluated to be at hazard level A, in which 4 sites of debris flow are included on Route 7,

(4) Route 16

81 disaster sites were checked on Route 16, where 26 sites of rock fall and 24 sites of debris fall occupy

32% and 30% respectively. Existence of a large-scale landslide is supposed at the point of 265.3km,

where very thick debris is deposited. At several points, fallen trees with slash-and-burn farming disturb

traffics.

Only 2 sites of debris flow are evaluated hazard level A, on Route 16.

<Additional Information>

In Bolivia, a large number of sediment-related disasters occurred along the national highways No.4 and

No.7 from December 2006 to April 2007, resulted from heavy rainfall by El Niño phenomenon. These

disasters took place not only at the same places as the past disaster occurrence sites, but also many

unexpected places having no records of disasters.

6 - 4

Fig

ure

6.2

.1 Loca

tion o

f D

isast

er

Site o

n R

oute

3

6 - 5

Fig

ure

6.2

.2 Loca

tion o

f D

isast

er

Site o

n R

oute

4

6 - 6

Fig

ure

6.2

.3 Loca

tion o

f D

isast

er

Site o

n R

oute

7

6 - 7

Fig

ure

6.2

.4 Loca

tion o

f D

isast

er

Site o

n R

oute

16

6 - 8

Lis

t of

Dis

ast

er S

ites

on

Rou

te 3

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

19

9.6

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts>

30

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s.C

Ben

ch c

ut

20

ºC

21

00

.3D

ebri

s fa

llG

ull

y e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adT

alu

s d

epo

sits

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CB

ench

cu

t

20

ºC

31

01

.7D

ebri

s fa

llU

nsu

itab

le c

utt

ing

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Bri

dge

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g s

hal

e. T

alu

s

dep

osi

ts

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CC

utt

ing

20

ºC

41

04

.4D

ebri

s fa

llU

nsu

itab

le c

utt

ing

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Bri

dge

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g s

hal

e.>

30

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s.C

Ret

ain

ing

co

ncr

ete

wal

l2

0 º

C

51

07

.6D

ebri

s fa

llG

ull

y e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

sh

ale.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l2

0 º

C

61

08

.1D

ebri

s fa

llG

ull

y e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

sh

ale

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l2

0 º

C

71

10

.4U

nsu

itab

le

Co

nst

ruct

ion

Th

e co

nst

ruct

ion

of

a

bri

dg

e

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Bri

dge

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g s

and

sto

ne

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

No

ne.

DN

on

e

20

ºC

81

13

.9D

ebri

s fa

llF

ract

ure

zo

ne

Qu

arry

sit

eG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

sh

ale.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

No

ne

DN

on

e

20

ºC

6 - 9

Tabla

6.2

.1 R

esult

ados d

el Estu

dio

en la R

uta

3

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

91

14

.7E

rosi

on

of

sho

uld

er

Dra

ined

wat

erU

nd

erd

rain

age

lin

ed w

ith

sto

nes

Em

ban

km

ent

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

llap

se o

f th

e sh

ou

lder

.D

No

ne

20

ºC

10

11

8.5

Deb

ris

fall

Un

suit

able

dra

inag

eG

rav

el r

oad

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts>

30

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s.D

Rem

ov

al o

f th

e d

ebri

s

20

ºC

11

11

8.7

Deb

ris

fall

Su

per

ficia

l w

ater

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly t

o g

entl

y f

old

ed

san

dst

on

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

DN

on

e

20

ºC

12

11

8.8

Deb

ris

fall

Do

wn

hil

l b

edd

ing

pla

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adM

od

erate

ly d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

BC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l2

0 º

C

13

11

9.3

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts.

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g s

hal

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

BC

utt

ing

20

ºC

14

12

1.5

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

and

sto

ne.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

blo

cks.

BF

ree

fram

e

20

ºC

15

12

2.9

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep c

utt

ing

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Bri

dge

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts a

nd

jo

inte

d

mas

sive

san

dst

on

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

CC

hec

k o

f th

e d

esig

n

of

road

an

d b

rid

ge

20

ºC

16

12

4.5

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Riv

er e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adE

mb

an

km

ent

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

llap

se o

f th

e sh

ou

lder

CR

evet

men

t w

ith

con

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l2

0 º

C

17

12

5.2

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nF

alse

tu

nn

elS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

BR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

20

ºC

6 - 10

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

18

12

6.5

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g j

oin

ted

san

dst

on

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

BR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

20

ºC

19

12

6.8

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Riv

er e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adE

mb

an

km

ent

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

llap

se o

f th

e sh

ou

lder

.B

Ban

kin

g

20

ºC

20

12

7.1

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eQ

uar

ry s

ite

Str

on

gly

fo

lded

sh

ale.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

DG

abio

n w

all

20

ºC

21

12

7.8

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g j

oin

ted

san

dst

on

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

BR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

20

ºC

22

12

7.9

Deb

ris

flo

wU

nd

ercu

t sl

op

eG

rav

el r

oad

Cro

ssin

g o

f th

e

cree

k

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CR

evet

men

t w

ith

gab

ion

20

ºC

23

12

9.7

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ver

tica

lly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

DR

emo

val

of

loo

sen

blo

cks

20

ºC

24

13

0.6

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ver

tica

lly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

BR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

20

ºC

25

13

1.1

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ver

tica

lly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

BR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

20

ºC

26

13

3.6

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ver

tica

lly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

BT

un

nel

20

ºC

6 - 11

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

27

13

6.8

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eQ

uar

ry s

ite

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts.

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g s

hal

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

DG

abio

n w

all

20

ºC

28

14

1D

ebri

s fa

llS

teep

slo

pe

Qu

arry

sit

e

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

DG

abio

n w

all

20

ºC

29

14

1.5

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g s

hal

e>

30

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s.C

Co

ncr

ete

reta

inin

g

wal

l2

0 º

C

30

14

3.7

Deb

ris

fall

Do

wn

hil

l b

edd

ing

pla

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adM

od

erate

ly d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CF

ree

fram

e

20

ºC

31

14

3.8

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Mo

der

ate

ly d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CR

ock

-net

20

ºC

32

14

5.5

Dis

turb

ance

by

flo

od

wat

er

Hea

vy r

ain

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Cro

ssin

g o

f th

e

cree

k

Riv

er d

epo

sits

.>

30

00

mm

/yea

rO

bst

ruct

ion

of

traf

fic

by f

loo

d.

CC

ulv

ert

20

ºC

33

14

6.8

Ro

ck f

all

(wed

ge-

form

co

llap

se)

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g m

assi

ve

san

dst

on

e

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

fal

len

ro

cks.

CS

pra

yin

g

20

ºC

34

15

6.6

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Un

der

dra

inag

e

Mo

der

ate

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

fal

len

ro

cks.

Co

llap

se o

f th

e sh

ou

lder

.C

Ben

ch c

ut

20

ºC

35

16

7.3

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Mo

der

ate

ly d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

fal

len

ro

cks.

DR

ock

-net

23

ºC

6 - 12

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

36

16

8.6

Ro

ck f

all

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

and

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

ro

cks.

CR

ock

-net

23

ºC

37

17

4.8

Deb

ris

fall

Gu

lly e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adT

alu

s d

epo

sits

.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s.C

Cu

ttin

g

23

ºC

38

17

4.9

Sm

all

scal

e

lan

dsl

ide

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s.C

Co

ncr

ete

reta

inin

g

wal

l2

3 º

C

39

17

5.7

Deb

ris

fall

Un

der

gro

un

d w

ater

Gra

vel

ro

adT

alu

s d

epo

sits

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

BD

rain

age

syst

em

23

ºC

40

18

1.7

Ro

ck f

all

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g p

laty

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

of

the r

oad

by f

alle

n

rock

s.C

Rem

ov

al o

f lo

ose

n

blo

cks

23

ºC

41

18

5.3

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g m

ud

sto

ne

and

sla

te

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

BB

ench

cu

t

23

ºC

42

18

6.3

Deb

ris

flo

wS

lak

ing

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Gu

tter

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g m

ud

sto

ne

and

sla

te

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l2

3 º

C

43

18

6.5

Deb

ris

flo

wS

lak

ing

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

mu

dst

on

e

and

sla

te

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed.

Wit

h d

ebri

s.C

Ret

ain

ing

wal

l

23

ºC

44

18

8.4

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

and

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CA

cco

rdin

g t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

23

ºC

6 - 13

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

45

18

9.8

Deb

ris

flo

wS

teep

slo

pe

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing m

ud

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CR

ock

-net

23

ºC

46

19

3.4

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g m

ud

sto

ne

and

sla

te

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

ro

cks.

BU

nd

erd

rain

age

23

ºC

47

19

3.7

Deb

ris

flo

wF

ract

ure

zo

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s.B

Gro

un

dsi

ll

23

ºC

48

19

3.7

Ro

ck f

all

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

hal

e.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h r

ock

s.B

Sp

rayin

g

23

ºC

49

19

4.2

Ro

ck f

all

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Fo

lded

sil

tsto

ne

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CS

pra

yin

g

23

ºC

50

19

4.2

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g j

oin

ted

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.B

Sp

rayin

g

23

ºC

51

19

5R

ock

fal

lS

teep

slo

pe

Gra

vel

ro

adM

od

erate

ly f

old

ing j

oin

ted

silt

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

ro

cks.

DS

pra

yin

g

23

ºC

52

19

6.2

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eQ

uar

ry s

ite

Mo

der

ate

ly f

old

ing j

oin

ted

silt

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

No

ne.

DN

on

e

23

ºC

53

19

7.7

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Qu

arry

sit

e

Mo

der

ate

ly f

old

ing j

oin

ted

silt

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

CS

pra

yin

g

23

ºC

6 - 14

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

54

19

9.3

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Qu

arry

sit

e

Mo

der

ate

ly f

old

ing j

oin

ted

silt

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

BC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l2

3 º

C

55

20

0.8

Deb

ris

fall

Do

wn

hil

l b

edd

ing

pla

ne

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Qu

arry

sit

e

Mo

der

ate

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

silt

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

DG

abio

n w

all

23

ºC

56

20

1.2

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g j

oin

ted

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.B

Sp

rayin

g

23

ºC

57

20

1.9

Lar

ge

scal

e d

ebri

s

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

hal

e.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

oll

apse

of

the

road

.B

Acc

ord

ing t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

23

ºC

58

20

2.6

Ro

ck f

all

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

and

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.C

Cu

ttin

g

23

ºC

59

20

2.8

Ro

ck f

all

Slo

pe

fail

ure

of

the

catc

hm

ent

area

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e to

th

e ro

ad b

y f

alle

n

rock

s.B

Scr

een

fo

r fa

llen

sto

nes

23

ºC

60

20

3.8

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eQ

uar

ry s

ite

Mo

der

ate

ly d

ipp

ing

sil

tsto

ne1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s.C

Cu

ttin

g

23

ºC

61

20

3.9

Ro

ck f

all

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Red

dis

h b

row

n j

oin

ted

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.C

Acc

ord

ing t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

23

ºC

62

20

4.1

Ro

ck f

all

Do

wn

hil

l b

edd

ing

pla

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adM

od

erate

ly d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CB

ench

cu

t

23

ºC

6 - 15

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

63

20

8.7

Lan

dsl

ide

Un

der

gro

un

d w

ater

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s an

d l

ater

itic

so

il1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rD

efo

rmat

ion

of

the

road

CA

cco

rdin

g t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

23

ºC

64

21

8.1

Ro

ck f

all

Dif

fere

nti

al e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

red

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.D

No

ne

23

ºC

65

21

8.5

Ro

ck f

all

Dif

fere

nti

al e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

red

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.D

Fre

e fr

ame

24

ºC

66

21

8.8

Ho

le o

f th

e ro

adN

ot

clea

rB

rid

ge

Ban

kin

g m

ater

ial

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

En

larg

emen

t o

f th

e h

ole

.C

Bac

k f

illi

ng

23

ºC

67

22

6.1

Def

orm

atio

n o

f

the

bri

dg

e g

ird

er

Wea

k f

ou

nd

atio

n o

f

the

pie

r

Bri

dge

Riv

er d

epo

sits

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Sli

de

of

the

gir

der

BC

hec

k o

f th

e

fou

nd

atio

n o

f th

e p

ier

24

ºC

68

28

6.8

Lan

dsl

ide

No

t cl

ear

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t G

utt

er

Deb

ris

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Def

orm

atio

n o

f th

e ro

adC

Rep

air

of

the

pav

emen

t2

4 º

C

69

28

7L

and

slid

eU

nd

erg

rou

nd

wat

erA

sph

alt

pav

emen

tDeb

ris

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Def

orm

atio

n o

f th

e ro

adC

Acc

ord

ing t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

24

ºC

70

28

8D

ebri

s fa

llF

ract

ure

zo

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s.C

Lea

nin

g c

on

cret

e

wal

l fo

r th

e b

ase

24

ºC

71

29

3.9

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g r

ed

dis

h

bro

wn

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

DN

on

e

24

ºC

6 - 16

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

72

29

4.6

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g r

ed

dis

h

bro

wn

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

CO

bse

rvat

ion

24

ºC

73

29

5.1

Ro

ck f

all

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g r

ed

dis

h

bro

wn

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

DC

utt

ing

24

ºC

74

29

6.9

Ro

ck f

all

Do

wn

hil

l b

edd

ing

pla

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

pla

ty

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

CC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l2

4 º

C

75

29

7.7

Sin

kin

g o

f th

e

road

Insu

ffic

ien

t co

mp

acti

onG

rav

el r

oad

Em

ban

km

ent

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Def

orm

atio

n o

f th

e ro

adC

Rep

air

of

the

pav

emen

t2

4 º

C

76

29

8.4

Lan

dsl

ide

Do

wn

hil

l b

edd

ing

pla

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

red

dis

h

bro

wn

san

dst

on

e an

d d

ebri

s

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Def

orm

atio

n o

f th

e ro

adC

Dra

inag

e sy

stem

24

ºC

77

29

9R

ock

fal

lB

lock

sep

arat

ion

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

Red

dis

h

bro

wn

san

dst

on

e an

d

silt

sto

ne

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

CF

ree

fram

e

24

ºC

78

30

1.1

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g j

oin

ted

red

dis

h b

row

n s

and

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

BB

ench

cu

t

24

ºC

79

30

1.6

Ro

ck f

all

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g r

ed

dis

h

bro

wn

sil

tsto

ne.

In

ter-

cala

ted

wit

h t

hin

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

CR

ock

-net

24

ºC

80

30

1.9

Lan

dsl

ide

Un

der

gro

un

d w

ater

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Gu

tter

Deb

ris

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Def

orm

atio

n o

f th

e ro

adC

Rem

ov

al o

f th

e sl

id

blo

ck2

4 º

C

6 - 17

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

81

30

4R

ock

fal

lD

iffe

ren

tial

ero

sio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g R

ed

dis

h

bro

wn

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.C

Dra

inag

e sy

stem

24

ºC

82

30

4.3

Ro

ck f

all

Dif

fere

nti

al e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

Red

dis

h

bro

wn

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.C

Dra

inag

e sy

stem

24

ºC

83

30

4.9

Ro

ck f

all

Dif

fere

nti

al e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

Red

dis

h

bro

wn

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.B

Rem

ov

al o

f th

e

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

24

ºC

84

30

6.3

Ro

ck f

all

Dif

fere

nti

al e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

Red

dis

h

bro

wn

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.C

Sp

rayin

g

24

ºC

85

30

8.9

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Gu

tter

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g j

oin

ted

san

dst

on

e an

d s

ilts

ton

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

CS

hif

t th

e ali

gn

men

t o

f

the

road

(R

elo

cati

on

)2

4 º

C

86

30

9.4

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Gu

tter

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g j

oin

ted

san

dst

on

e an

d s

ilts

ton

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

CS

hif

t th

e ali

gn

men

t o

f

the

road

(R

elo

cati

on

)2

4 º

C

87

30

9.6

Lan

dsl

ide

Ex

iste

nce

of

un

der

gro

un

d w

ater

Gab

ion

wal

lD

ebri

s1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rD

efo

rmat

ion

of

the

road

.C

Acc

ord

ing t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

24

ºC

88

30

9.8

Ro

ck f

all

Dif

fere

nti

al w

eath

erin

gG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g R

ed

dis

h

bro

wn

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

No

ne.

DN

on

e

24

ºC

89

31

0.7

No

ne

No

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adR

edd

ish

bro

wn

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

No

ne

DN

on

e

24

ºC

6 - 18

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

90

31

2.3

Ro

ck f

all

Dif

fere

nti

al e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

red

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.D

Fre

e fr

ame

24

ºC

91

31

4.7

Was

ho

ut

of

soil

Th

in v

eget

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Red

dis

h b

row

n l

ater

itic

so

il1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h s

oil

DN

on

e

24

ºC

92

31

5W

ash

ou

t o

f so

ilT

hin

veg

etat

ion

Asp

hal

t p

avem

entR

edd

ish

bro

wn

lat

erit

ic s

oil

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

No

ne.

DN

on

e

24

ºC

93

31

6W

ash

ou

t o

f so

ilT

hin

veg

etat

ion

Asp

hal

t p

avem

entR

edd

ish

bro

wn

lat

erit

ic s

oil

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

so

il?

CN

on

e

24

ºC

94

31

6.3

Def

orm

atio

n o

f

the

asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t

Do

wn

hil

l b

edd

ing

pla

ne

Asp

hal

t p

avem

entG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rD

efo

rmat

ion

of

the

road

.C

Acc

ord

ing t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

24

ºC

95

32

1.4

Ro

ck f

all

Gu

lly e

rosi

on

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t G

utt

er

Wh

ite

alte

red

ro

ck (

tuff

?)1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h r

ock

s an

d d

ebri

sD

No

ne

24

ºC

96

32

2R

ock

fal

lG

ull

y e

rosi

on

Qu

arry

sit

eW

hit

e al

tere

d r

ock

(tu

ff?)

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

ro

cks

and

deb

ris

CN

on

e

24

ºC

97

32

9.8

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Gu

tter

Red

dis

h b

row

n s

ilts

ton

e

and

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

fal

len

ro

cks.

CR

ock

-net

24

ºC

6 - 19

Lis

t of

Dis

ast

er S

ites

on

Rou

te 4

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

17

0S

ink

ing

of

the

road

Insu

ffic

ien

t

com

pac

tio

n

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t

Gen

tly　

dip

pin

g S

and

sto

ne

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Cra

cks

of

the

pavem

ent

CC

om

pac

tio

n o

f th

e

emb

ank

men

t7

ºC

27

2.4

Sin

kin

g o

f th

e

road

Insu

ffic

ien

t

com

pac

tio

n

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t

Gen

tly　

dip

pin

g S

and

sto

ne

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Cra

cks

of

the

pavem

ent

CC

om

pac

tio

n o

f th

e

emb

ank

men

t7

ºC

37

4S

ink

ing

of

the

road

Insu

ffic

ien

t

com

pac

tio

n

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t

Gen

tly　

dip

pin

g S

and

sto

ne

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Cra

cks

of

the

pavem

ent

CC

om

pac

tio

n o

f th

e

emb

ank

men

t7

ºC

47

7.3

Sin

kin

g o

f th

e

road

Insu

ffic

ien

t

com

pac

tio

n

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t

Gen

tly　

dip

pin

g S

and

sto

ne

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Cra

cks

of

the

pavem

ent

CC

om

pac

tio

n o

f th

e

emb

ank

men

t7

ºC

58

0.5

Ro

ck s

lid

eD

ow

nh

ill

bed

din

g

pla

ne

Tu

nn

elJo

inte

d s

an

dst

on

e>

30

00

mm

/yea

rN

on

eD

No

ne

7 º

C

68

4.3

Lan

dsl

ide

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Cu

t

slo

pe

Deb

ris

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

No

ne

DN

on

e

7 º

C

79

1.4

Ro

ck s

lid

eD

ow

nh

ill

bed

din

g

pla

ne

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t G

utt

er

Join

ted

san

dst

on

e>

30

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e to

th

e p

avem

ent

and

the

gu

tter

.B

Fre

e fr

ame

7 º

C

81

00

.3D

efo

rmat

ion

of

sto

ne w

all

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eS

ton

e w

all

Gg

rav

el r

oad

Gu

tter

Deb

ris

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Def

orm

atio

n o

f th

e ro

adC

Acc

ord

ing

to

th

e

inves

tig

atio

n7

ºC

6 - 20

Tabla

6.2

.2 R

esult

ados d

el Estu

dio

en la R

uta

4

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

91

00

.8D

ebri

s fa

llD

ow

nh

ill

bed

din

g

pla

ne

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t G

utt

er

Mo

der

ate

ly d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e an

d s

ilts

ton

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

stru

ctu

res.

BC

utt

ing

7 º

C

10

10

3.8

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Riv

er e

rosi

on

Sto

ne

pav

emen

t

Co

ncr

ete

pav

emen

t

Em

ban

km

ent

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Sin

kin

g o

f th

e ro

adC

Un

der

dra

inag

e

24

ºC

11

10

5D

ebri

s fl

ow

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eA

sph

alt

pav

emen

t

Ex

iste

nce

of

fau

lt z

on

e is

sup

po

sed

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

AS

abo

-dam

24

ºC

12

10

8.7

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eA

sph

alt

pav

emen

t

Sh

eare

d s

late

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

AC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l2

4 º

C

13

10

9.2

Deb

ris

flo

wF

ract

ure

zo

ne

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t

Un

der

dra

inag

e

Sh

eare

d s

late

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

Ero

sio

n

of

sho

uld

er.

AS

abo

-dam

24

ºC

14

10

9.5

Deb

ris

flo

wF

ract

ure

zo

ne

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t

Sh

eare

d s

late

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

BS

abo

-dam

24

ºC

15

11

0.1

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Sh

eare

d s

late

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

AC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l2

4 º

C

16

11

0.5

Deb

ris

flo

wF

ract

ure

zo

ne

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Un

der

dra

inag

e

Sh

eare

d s

late

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

Ero

sio

n

of

sho

uld

er.

BS

abo

-dam

24

ºC

17

11

1.1

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Ru

nn

ing

wat

erC

on

cret

e

pav

emen

t (u

nd

er

con

stru

ctio

n).

Deb

ris

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Ero

sio

n o

f sh

ou

lder

BU

nd

erd

rain

age

7 º

C

6 - 21

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

18

11

4.2

Lan

dsl

ide

Un

suit

able

cu

ttin

gG

rav

el r

oad

Deb

ris

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

AA

cco

rdin

g t

o t

he

inves

tig

atio

n7

ºC

19

11

4.6

Deb

ris

flo

wS

lop

e fa

ilu

re o

f th

e

catc

hm

ent

are

a.

Bri

dg

eD

ebri

s an

d r

iver

dep

osi

ts>

30

00

mm

/yea

rD

estr

uct

ion

of

the

bri

dg

e.B

Sab

o-d

am

24

ºC

20

11

5.5

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Riv

er e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s an

d b

ank

ing

mat

eria

l.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Mo

re e

rosi

on

AC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l fo

r re

vet

men

t2

4 º

C

21

11

7.6

Deb

ris

fall

See

pag

e o

f w

ater

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t

Deb

ris

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris.

Ero

sio

n

of

sho

uld

er.

BC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l2

4 º

C

22

11

8.2

Dam

age

of

the

bri

dg

e

Flo

od

wat

erB

rid

ge

Riv

er d

epo

sits

.>

30

00

mm

/yea

rD

estr

uct

ion

of

the

bri

dg

e.B

Sab

o-d

am

24

ºC

23

11

9.2

Deb

ris

flo

wD

amm

ed u

p b

y s

lop

e

fail

ure

Bri

dg

e g

rav

el

road

Deb

ris

and

riv

er d

epo

sits

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Des

tru

ctio

n o

f th

e b

rid

ge.

AS

abo

-dam

24

ºC

24

12

1.4

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Un

suit

able

dra

inag

eC

on

cret

e

pav

emen

t

Ban

kin

g m

ater

ial.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

on

th

e p

latf

orm

AR

efo

rm o

f d

rain

age

24

ºC

25

12

3.5

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Riv

er e

rosi

on

Co

ncr

ete

pav

emen

t

Riv

er d

epo

sits

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

on

th

e p

latf

orm

AR

evet

men

t w

ith

gab

ion

24

ºC

26

13

7.5

Lan

dsl

ide

Un

der

gro

un

d w

ater

Sto

ne

pav

emen

tD

ebri

s>

30

00

mm

/yea

rD

efo

rmat

ion

of

the

road

CA

cco

rdin

g t

o t

he

inves

tig

atio

n2

4 º

C

6 - 22

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

27

14

2.2

Deb

ris

flo

wT

hic

k r

iver

dep

osi

ts

in t

he

catc

hm

ent

area

　

Asp

hal

t

pav

emen

t

Un

der

dra

inag

e

Riv

er d

epo

sits

.>

30

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s.

Des

tru

ctio

n o

f th

e d

rain

age

syst

em.

AS

abo

-dam

24

ºC

6 - 23

Lis

t of

Dis

ast

er S

ites

on

Rou

te 7

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

11

66

.6R

ock

fal

lF

ract

ure

zo

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

sil

tsto

ne

and

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

– 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

s.B

Cu

ttin

g

10

ºC

21

67

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Ero

sio

n b

y d

rain

ed

wat

er

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s an

d e

mb

ank

men

t1

00

0 –

20

00

mm

/yea

rF

ailu

re o

f sh

ou

lder

.B

Sh

oo

t

10

ºC

31

71

.9D

ebri

s fa

llE

arth

qu

ake

May

19

98

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e.1

00

0 –

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

sB

Cu

ttin

g

10

ºC

41

72

.1D

ebri

s fa

llE

arth

qu

ake

May

19

98

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e.1

00

0 –

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

sB

Cu

ttin

g

10

ºC

51

72

.3R

ock

fal

lE

arth

qu

ake

May

19

98

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e.1

00

0 –

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

sB

Cu

ttin

g

10

ºC

61

75

.5R

ock

fal

lS

teep

cu

ttin

gG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g s

and

sto

ne.

10

00

– 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

DN

on

e

10

ºC

71

85

.4E

rosi

on

of

sho

uld

er

Ero

sio

n b

y d

rain

ed

wat

er

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s an

d e

mb

ank

men

t1

00

0 –

20

00

mm

/yea

rF

ailu

re o

f sh

ou

lder

.B

Sh

oo

t

10

ºC

81

85

.4R

ock

fal

lB

lock

sep

arat

ion

Gra

vel

ro

adG

entl

y d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e

10

00

– 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

of

the r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

ck.

BC

utt

ing

10

ºC

6 - 24

Tabla

6.2

.3 R

esult

ados d

el Estu

dio

en la R

uta

7

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

91

93

Deb

ris

fall

Gu

lly e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adT

alu

s d

epo

sits

10

00

– 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

CC

utt

ing

10

ºC

10

19

7.6

Ro

ck f

all

Ov

erh

ang

ed s

lop

eQ

uar

ry s

ite

Gen

tly d

ipp

ing

san

dst

on

e.1

00

0 –

20

00

mm

/yea

rN

on

e.D

No

ne

10

ºC

11

22

4.4

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Ero

sio

n b

y d

rain

ed

wat

er

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s an

d e

mb

ank

men

t2

00

0 –

30

00

mm

/yea

rF

ailu

re o

f sh

ou

lder

.B

Un

der

dra

inag

e

10

ºC

12

22

8.3

Deb

ris

fall

Dif

fere

nti

al w

eath

erin

gG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

ilic

eou

s

silt

sto

ne.

20

00

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Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

8 º

C

52

03

.9R

ock

fal

lT

op

pli

ng

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

8 º

C

62

04

.7R

ock

fal

lL

oo

sen

ing

of

crac

ks

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BR

ock

-sh

ed

8 º

C

72

07

.8R

ock

fal

lB

lock

sep

arat

ion

Gra

vel

ro

adM

od

erate

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

Ero

sio

n o

f sh

ou

lder

CB

ench

cu

t

8 º

C

82

11

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Join

ted

gra

no

dio

rite

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BS

hif

t th

e ali

gn

men

t o

f

the

road

(R

elo

cati

on

)8

ºC

6 - 30

Tabla

6.2

.4 R

esult

ados d

el Estu

dio

en la R

uta

16

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

92

13

.6D

ebri

s fa

llS

teep

slo

pe.

Gra

vel

ro

adT

alu

s d

epo

sits

in

clu

de

hu

ge

bo

uld

ers.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

s an

d

bo

uld

ers.

CR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

8 º

C

10

21

9.3

Ro

ck f

all

Do

wn

hil

l b

edd

ing

pla

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adM

od

erate

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BR

emo

val

of

loo

sen

blo

cks

8 º

C

11

22

4.1

Deb

ris

fall

Su

per

ficia

l w

ater

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s co

mp

ose

d o

f

frag

men

ts o

f sh

ale

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

sC

Ben

ch c

ut

8 º

C

12

22

4.4

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Ste

ep s

lop

eB

rid

ge G

rav

el

road

.

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

hea

red

slat

e. D

ebri

s.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

Ero

sio

n

by

riv

er w

ater

.B

Rev

etm

ent

wit

h

con

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l1

3 º

C

13

22

6.5

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ver

tica

lly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BS

hif

t th

e ali

gn

men

t o

f

the

road

(R

elo

cati

on

)8

ºC

14

22

7.1

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

hea

red

shal

e.

> 3

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

CB

ench

cu

t

24

ºC

15

22

7.9

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Deb

ris

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

sB

Co

ncr

ete

reta

inin

g

wal

l8

ºC

16

22

9R

ock

fal

lB

lock

sep

arat

ion

Gra

vel

ro

adM

od

erate

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BR

emo

val

of

loo

sen

blo

cks

8 º

C

17

22

9.4

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g j

oin

ted

san

dst

on

e.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

8 º

C

6 - 31

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

18

22

9.5

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Tal

us

dep

osi

t5

00

- 1

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

BG

abio

n w

all

8 º

C

19

22

9.9

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ver

tica

lly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

Ero

sio

n o

f sh

ou

lder

by

riv

er w

ater

BC

utt

ing

8 º

C

20

23

0.5

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g j

oin

ted

san

dst

on

e.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BC

on

cret

e re

tain

ing

wal

l8

ºC

21

23

3.5

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

Co

ver

ed b

y d

ebri

s.

Ero

sio

n o

f sh

ou

lder

CG

abio

n w

all

8 º

C

22

23

5D

ebri

s fa

llS

teep

slo

pe

Gra

vel

ro

adT

alu

s d

epo

sits

or

deb

ris.

50

0 -

10

00

mm

/yea

rD

amag

e o

f th

e r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks.

Co

ver

ed b

y d

ebri

sC

Acc

ord

ing t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

8 º

C

23

23

6F

loo

d w

ater

sH

eav

y r

ain

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Riv

er c

ross

ing

.

Red

dis

h-b

row

n L

ater

itic

soil

, ri

ver

dep

osi

ts.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Ob

stru

ctio

n o

f tr

affi

c b

y f

loo

dC

Co

nst

ruct

ion

of

a

bri

dg

e1

3 º

C

24

23

7.6

Flo

od

wat

ers

Hea

vy r

ain

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Riv

er c

ross

ing

.

Riv

er d

epo

sits

.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rO

bst

ruct

ion

of

traf

fic

by f

loo

dC

Co

nst

ruct

ion

of

a

bri

dg

e1

3 º

C

25

23

9.4

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ver

tica

lly d

ipp

ing

sil

icif

ied

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

of

the r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

13

ºC

26

24

0.6

Ero

sio

n o

f ro

ad

surf

ace

Hea

vy r

ain

.G

rav

el r

oad

Old

fan

dep

osi

ts.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Ero

sio

n o

f ro

ad s

urf

ace

and

sho

uld

er b

y r

un

nin

g w

ater

DC

ulv

ert

13

ºC

6 - 32

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

27

24

1.9

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Ver

tica

lly d

ipp

ing

sil

icif

ied

shal

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

of

the r

oad

by f

alle

n

blo

cks

BR

emo

val

of

the

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

13

ºC

28

24

6.1

Flo

od

wat

ers

Hea

vy r

ain

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Riv

er c

ross

ing

.

Riv

er d

epo

sits

.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rO

bst

ruct

ion

of

traf

fic

by f

loo

dC

Cu

lver

t

13

ºC

29

24

7.4

Flo

od

wat

ers

Hea

vy r

ain

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Riv

er c

ross

ing

.

Riv

er d

epo

sits

.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rO

bst

ruct

ion

of

traf

fic

by f

loo

dC

Cu

lver

t

13

ºC

30

24

8.3

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Un

der

dra

inag

e fi

lled

by r

ock

s an

d d

ebri

s.

Gra

vel

ro

adE

mb

an

km

ent

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Over

flo

w o

f ri

ver

wat

er i

s

ero

din

g t

he

sho

uld

erC

Cu

lver

t

13

ºC

31

24

8.3

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g j

oin

ted

san

dst

on

e

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Hu

ge

blo

cks

dam

age

the

road

BR

ock

bo

lt

13

ºC

32

24

9F

loo

d w

ater

sH

eav

y r

ain

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Riv

er c

ross

ing

.

Riv

er d

epo

sits

.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rO

bst

ruct

ion

of

traf

fic

by f

loo

dC

Cu

lver

t

13

ºC

33

24

9.8

Flo

od

wat

ers

Hea

vy r

ain

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Riv

er c

ross

ing

.

Riv

er d

epo

sits

.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rO

bst

ruct

ion

of

traf

fic

by f

loo

dC

Cu

lver

t

13

ºC

34

25

8.6

Deb

ris

flo

wS

lop

e fa

ilu

re o

f th

e

catc

hm

ent

area

Gra

vel

ro

adM

od

erate

ly d

ipp

ing

sh

eare

d

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er.

AC

on

stru

ctio

n o

f a

bri

dg

e.1

3 º

C

35

25

9.2

Ho

le o

f th

e ro

ad?

Gra

vel

ro

adE

mb

an

km

ent

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Th

e h

ole

wil

l b

e b

igg

er a

nd

wil

l d

estr

oy t

he

road

CF

illi

ng

13

ºC

6 - 33

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

36

26

3R

ock

fal

lB

lock

sep

arat

ion

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Bri

dge

Ho

rizo

nta

lly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

on

th

e ro

ad a

nd

th

e

bri

dg

e b

y f

alle

n b

lock

sC

Rem

ov

al o

f th

e

ov

erh

ang

ing

blo

cks

13

ºC

37

26

5.3

Lan

dsl

ide

Riv

er e

rosi

on

Gra

vel

ro

adT

hic

k d

epo

sits

of

deb

ris.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Def

orm

atio

n o

f th

e ro

adC

Acc

ord

ing t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

13

ºC

38

26

5.5

Flo

od

wat

ers

Hea

vy r

ain

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Riv

er c

ross

ing

.

Riv

er d

epo

sits

.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rO

bst

ruct

ion

of

traf

fic

by f

loo

dC

Cu

lver

t

13

ºC

39

26

6.2

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

e.G

rav

el r

oad

Mo

der

ate

ly d

ipp

ing

sla

te.

Ste

ep j

oin

t.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

BS

pra

yin

g

13

ºC

40

26

6.9

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Dra

ined

wat

erG

rav

el r

oad

Em

ban

km

ent

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Ero

sio

n o

f sh

ou

lder

an

d r

oad

surf

ace

CG

utt

er

13

ºC

41

26

8.2

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

e.G

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g a

lter

ed s

late

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

BC

utt

ing

13

ºC

42

26

9.3

Dis

turb

ance

by

fall

en t

rees

Sla

sh-a

nd

-bu

rn

farm

ing

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s an

d s

oil

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dis

turb

ance

by f

alle

n t

rees

CC

lean

up

of

the

fall

en

tree

s1

3 º

C

43

27

1.1

Deb

ris

fall

Su

per

ficia

l w

ater

.G

rav

el r

oad

Deb

ris

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Ero

sio

n o

f th

e sl

op

eD

Co

ncr

ete

reta

inin

g

wal

l1

3 º

C

44

27

2.1

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

e.G

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

late

.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

sB

Sp

rayin

g

13

ºC

6 - 34

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

45

27

7.3

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

e.G

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

late

.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

sB

Sp

rayin

g

13

ºC

46

27

7.9

Deb

ris

fall

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nG

rav

el r

oad

Mo

der

ate

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

alte

red

sil

tsto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

and

blo

cks

BS

pra

yin

g

13

ºC

47

27

8.6

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

hal

e &

fin

e

gra

in s

and

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

Dam

age

of

the

road

by f

alle

n b

lock

s.B

Cu

ttin

g

13

ºC

48

28

1.8

Ro

ck f

all

Alt

erat

ion

zo

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

alt

ered

shal

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

and

ro

cks.

BC

utt

ing

13

ºC

49

28

2.9

Ro

ck f

all

Fau

ltG

rav

el r

oad

Str

on

gly

fo

lded

san

dst

on

e.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h r

ock

s an

d d

ebri

s.B

Co

ncr

ete

reta

inin

g

wal

l1

3 º

C

50

28

6.2

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

e.Q

uar

ry s

ite

Str

on

gly

fo

lded

san

dst

on

e.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

sD

Cle

anu

p o

f th

e ro

ad

13

ºC

51

28

7D

istu

rban

ce b

y

fall

en t

rees

Sla

sh-a

nd

-bu

rn

farm

ing

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s an

d s

oil

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dis

turb

ance

by f

alle

n t

rees

CC

lean

up

of

the

road

13

ºC

52

28

7.7

Deb

ris

fall

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

ilts

ton

e o

r

slat

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

DC

utt

ing

13

ºC

53

28

8.2

Ro

ck f

all

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

ilts

ton

e o

r

slat

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

fal

len

ro

cks.

CS

pra

yin

g

13

ºC

6 - 35

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

54

28

8.2

Ro

ck f

all

To

pp

lin

gG

rav

el r

oad

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

hal

e1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h r

ock

sB

Ben

ch c

ut

13

ºC

55

28

8.5

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Gg

utt

er w

ith

ou

t

con

cret

e s

tru

ctu

re

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

hal

e1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

sB

Cle

anu

p o

f th

e g

utt

er.

13

ºC

56

28

9.1

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eG

rav

el r

oad

Gg

utt

er w

ith

ou

t

con

cret

e s

tru

ctu

re

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g s

hal

e1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rC

ov

ered

wit

h d

ebri

sB

Ben

ch c

ut

13

ºC

57

28

9.2

Ro

ck f

all

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ver

tica

lly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

sB

Sp

rayin

g

13

ºC

58

28

9.5

Ro

ck f

all

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Ver

tica

lly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

san

dst

on

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dam

age

to t

he

road

by f

alle

n

rock

sB

Sp

rayin

g

13

ºC

59

29

0.1

Dis

turb

ance

by

flo

od

wat

er

Hea

vy r

ain

Cro

ssin

g o

f th

e

cree

k

Riv

er d

epo

sits

.1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rE

rosi

on

of

sho

uld

erC

Cu

lver

t

13

ºC

60

29

0.6

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eQ

uar

ry s

ite

Str

on

gly

fo

lded

sh

ale.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

DC

lean

up

of

the

road

13

ºC

61

29

1.2

Dis

turb

ance

by

fall

en t

rees

Sla

sh-a

nd

-bu

rn

farm

ing

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s an

d s

oil

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dis

turb

ance

by f

alle

n t

rees

CC

lean

up

of

the

road

13

ºC

62

29

4.1

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eQ

uar

ry s

ite

Str

on

gly

fo

lded

sh

ale.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

DC

lean

up

of

the

road

13

ºC

6 - 36

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

63

29

4.8

Dis

turb

ance

by

fall

en t

rees

Sla

sh-a

nd

-bu

rn

farm

ing

Gra

vel

ro

adD

ebri

s an

d s

oil

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dis

turb

ance

by f

alle

n t

rees

CC

lean

up

of

the

fall

en

tree

s1

3 º

C

64

29

5D

ebri

s fa

llS

teep

slo

pe

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Gu

tter

wit

ho

ut

con

cret

e s

tru

ctu

re

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Dis

turb

ance

of

dra

ined

wate

rC

Cu

ttin

g

13

ºC

65

29

7.9

Ro

ck f

all

Alt

erat

ion

zo

ne

Gra

vel

ro

ad (

hai

r -

pin

cu

rve)

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g a

lter

ed

shal

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

ro

cks

and

blo

cks.

BS

pra

yin

g

13

ºC

66

29

8.4

Ro

ck f

all

Alt

erat

ion

zo

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

alt

ered

shal

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

ro

cks

and

blo

cks.

DS

pra

yin

g

13

ºC

67

29

8.7

Mu

dd

y p

lace

Infe

rio

r ｑ

ual

ity o

f

ban

kin

g m

ater

ial

Ear

thy r

oad

Em

ban

km

ent

(wh

ite

soil

)1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rS

tick

y r

oad

su

rfac

eB

Ch

ang

e th

e su

rfac

e

mat

eria

l to

gra

vel

13

ºC

68

30

1.4

Deb

ris

fall

Fra

ctu

re z

on

eQ

uar

ry s

ite

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g p

hyll

itic

shal

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

CR

emo

val

of

loo

sen

mat

eria

ls1

3 º

C

69

30

1.8

Ch

ok

e o

f d

rain

age

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Gu

tter

wit

ho

ut

con

cret

e s

tru

ctu

re

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g p

hyll

itic

shal

e.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Ero

sio

n o

f sh

ou

lder

by r

un

nin

g

wat

erC

Cu

ttin

g

13

ºC

70

30

2.1

Lan

dsl

ide

Alt

erat

ion

zo

ne

Gra

vel

ro

adS

teep

ly d

ipp

ing

alt

ered

silt

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Def

orm

atio

n o

f th

e ro

adB

Rem

ov

al o

f th

e sl

id

blo

ck1

3 º

C

71

30

3D

ebri

s fa

llS

up

erfi

cia

l w

ater

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Gu

tter

wit

ho

ut

con

cret

e s

tru

ctu

re

Ste

eply

dip

pin

g a

lter

ed

silt

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Th

e q

uan

tity

of

deb

ris

wil

l

incr

ease

BF

ree

fram

e

13

ºC

6 - 37

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

72

30

3.8

Mu

dd

y p

lace

Infe

rio

r ｑ

ual

ity o

f

ban

kin

g m

ater

ial

Ear

thy r

oad

Em

ban

km

ent

(wh

ite

soil

)1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rS

tick

y r

oad

su

rfac

eB

Ch

ang

e th

e su

rfac

e

mat

eria

l to

gra

vel

13

ºC

73

30

4.1

Ro

ck f

all

Ste

ep s

lop

eG

rav

el r

oad

Gu

tter

wit

ho

ut

con

cret

e s

tru

ctu

re

Tal

us

dep

osi

ts.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Ero

sio

n o

f sh

ou

lder

CC

utt

ing

13

ºC

74

30

4.4

Lan

dsl

ide

Do

wn

hil

l b

edd

ing

pla

ne

Ear

thy r

oad

.M

od

erate

ly d

ipp

ing

alt

ered

silt

sto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Def

orm

atio

n o

f th

e ro

adB

Acc

ord

ing t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

13

ºC

75

30

4.6

Ero

sio

n o

f

sho

uld

er

Dra

ined

wat

erU

nd

erd

rain

age.

Em

ban

km

ent

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

fal

len

blo

cks

Hu

me

pip

e.C

Sh

oo

t

13

ºC

76

30

4.6

Ro

ck f

all

Blo

ck s

epar

atio

nE

arth

y r

oad

.M

od

erate

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

alte

red

sil

tsto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

fal

len

blo

cks.

CG

abio

n w

all

13

ºC

77

30

5.7

Lan

dsl

ide

Alt

erat

ion

zo

ne

Gra

vel

ro

ad

Gu

tter

wit

ho

ut

con

cret

e s

tru

ctu

re

Gen

tly

dip

pin

g a

ltere

d

silt

sto

ne

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Def

orm

atio

n o

f th

e ro

adC

Acc

ord

ing t

o t

he

inv

esti

gat

ion

13

ºC

78

30

7D

ebri

s fa

llD

ow

nh

ill

bed

din

g

pla

ne

and

fau

lt.

Gra

vel

ro

adM

od

erate

ly d

ipp

ing

jo

inte

d

alte

red

sil

tsto

ne.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Co

ver

ed w

ith

deb

ris

and

blo

cks

BG

abio

n w

all

13

ºC

79

31

0.7

Mu

dd

y p

lace

Infe

rio

r ｑ

ual

ity o

f

ban

kin

g m

ater

ial

Ear

thy r

oad

Em

ban

km

ent

(red

dis

h s

oil

)1

00

0 -

20

00

mm

/yea

rS

tick

y r

oad

su

rfac

eB

Ch

ang

e th

e su

rfac

e

mat

eria

l to

gra

vel

13

ºC

80

33

4.7

Flo

od

wat

ers

Hea

vy r

ain

Ear

thy r

oad

Riv

er c

ross

ing

.

Red

dis

h-b

row

n L

ater

itic

soil

, ri

ver

dep

osi

ts.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Ob

stru

ctio

n o

f tr

affi

c b

y f

loo

dC

Co

nst

ruct

ion

of

a

bri

dg

e.1

3 º

C

6 - 38

No

.D

ista

nce

(km

)

Main

Dis

ast

er

Typ

eE

lem

enta

ry R

easo

nT

ype

of

Str

uct

ure

Geo

logy・

G

eolo

gic

al

Str

uct

ure

Met

eoro

log

ica

l

Ch

ara

cter

isti

csF

ore

seen

Ris

k

Ha

zard

Lev

elP

rop

ose

d W

ork

s

81

33

7.8

Flo

od

wat

ers

Hea

vy r

ain

Ear

thy r

oad

Riv

er c

ross

ing

.

Red

dis

h-b

row

n L

ater

itic

soil

, ri

ver

dep

osi

ts.

10

00

- 2

00

0 m

m/y

ear

Ob

stru

ctio

n o

f tr

affi

c b

y f

loo

dC

Co

nst

ruct

ion

of

a

bri

dg

e.1

3 º

C

6 - 39

6 - 41

6.3 Improvement of Road Disaster Registration (Trial Result)

6.3.1 Outline of Road Disaster Registration System

(1) Objective

The objective of the road disaster registration system is to record and register basic data on road disasters

occurs at the national highways managed by ABC. After this system will have been achieved well

functionally, ABC’s capability to implement the maintenance activities of national highways will be

enhanced systematically and ABC information net work on road disaster improved efficiently.

(2) Outline of System

In the case of natural road disasters taking place at national highways, each ABC’s regional office shall

prepare road disaster records and send them to UPD in the ABC headquarters as soon as possible. UPD

must administrate the system and store the accumulated registration records. UPD in charge of running

the system should accept to disclose the records when required.

(3) Contents of Road Disaster Registration System

Appointment of administrator

At each ABC’s regional office and UPD, one and more than one person shall be selected as administrators.

Renewal of data processing and system improvement of the system shall be made routinely under the

responsibility of appointed administrators.

Establishment of disaster registration system

UPD shall be responsible for establishing and operating the system in connection with the present ABC

information network and distribute it to each regional office. The system should be set up in their

computers by each regional administrator and internet system is recommendable as a main method to

communicate information between regional offices and UPD.

Emergency response in road disaster

In emergency case of road disasters, persons appointed as administrators or supervisors by ABC shall go

to disaster sites and record the current disaster conditions immediately after events.

Input of disaster registration records

Either administrators or supervisors in charge shall input road disaster registration records into computers

in designated manner after approval of administrators.

Transmittance of registration records to UPD

Disaster information input in the system at each regional office shall be sent to UPD at the end of every

month. As for major disasters bringing big damages to residences, administrators can request regional

officers to send the records to them as soon as possible.

Renewal of disaster registration system

On the basis of proposal concerning defective points to be improved in the system, UPD shall modify the

system more efficiently and send its revised version to each regional office.

6 - 42

Formulation of guideline on disaster registration system

Guideline describing basic concept and procedure of the system should be prepared by UPD.

6.3.2 Trial of Road Disaster Registration Recording (Trial Result)

(1) General Concept of Disaster Registration Recording

Site briefing to ABC staff

Site briefings on road disaster registration recording were carried out two times, on June 27, 2006 and

January 30, 2007, at the No.11 section of ABC National highway. The persons targeted for the briefing

were ABC counterparts and supervisors of La Paz regional office.

Site briefing on road disaster registration recording

Trial section

The trial section of road disaster registration recording was designated between Unuavi and Chaco from

view points of disaster features: frequency and magnitude.

Preparation of road disaster registration record

Trial of the road disaster registration was commenced in November 2006 and ended in late April 2007.

During the trial, 11 disasters were reported and all of them were recorded on the disaster inspection sheets,

as shown in Figure 6.3.1, in consideration of opinions from ABC’s staff. The distance indicating locations

of the disaster sites was identified based on the distance displayed on a vehicle’s distance meter.

Preparation of guide on road disaster inspection sheet

The guide on road disaster inspection sheet, attached to Appendix, has been prepared based on the lesson

learned from the trial. The guide is for ABC’s engineers and supervisors to register the disaster conditions

on the sheet using some decisive criteria.

6 - 43

Route Number : Section : 0 0 0 Inspected by : Ing. Luis Vargas

Chainage : km Date Inspected :

Coordinate : lati. Long. Checked by Ing. Gabriel Collao

Side of Road : Right X Left Date Checked :

Condition of Disaster

Time of Occurrence : date(dd/mm/yy) ( 7 / 02 / 2007 ) time ( 17 :30 )

Reported Time : date(dd/mm/yy) ( 15 / 02 / 2007 ) time ( 10:30)

SOCIAL Reported by : Driver / Residents / ME / Supervisor / Police / Other ( ) / Unidentified

Vehicles involved : number ( 5 ), type ( bus ) , Condition (

Personal Injully : number ( 0 ), condition ( )

Typical Section : 01 / 02 / 03 / 04

Type of Disaster : Type 1 / Type 2 / Type 3 / Type 4 / Type 5 / Type 6 / other

DISASTER

TYPE Repetitiousness at the location : Repetitive Disasters / New Disaster

Recurrence of disaster : yes (still in danger) / possible / no (stable now)

Dimensions of Disaster : 2000 m3

Weather when disaster occur : Rain / Heavy Rain / Cloudy / Fine / unclear

WEARTHTERState of weather in 48 hours before disas Rain / Heavy Rain / Cloudy / Fine / unclear

Meteorological Condition Wet / Dry

CAUSE

Condition of Road

Type of Pavement Asphalt / Concrete / Empedrado / Ripio / Tierra / other

Drains: Roadside Drains / Cascade Drain / Cross Drains / other

Conditions: good / needs desiliting / needs repair / not present

Measures Gabions / Concrete Wall / Rock Bolts / Soil Nail / Netting / Dam / other

Quantity

Type of Slope Natural / Cut / Cut + Natural / Stream / Embankment

Cover on Slope Bare / Grass / Shrubs / Trees / Shotcrete / other

Proposal

Proposed Prevention Measures Construction Period of Temporary Diversion : ( 1 dia

item quantity unit unit rate Bsamount

Limpieza de via obstruida

Total Cost (Bs. )

Comment

ACTUAL ACTIVITIES

2007/2/21

ROAD

SURFACE

ABC / JICA

EXISTING

PREVENTION

MEASURES &

8+300 2007/2/15

SLOPE INSPECTION SHEET (MAIN)

Material from Slope : Hard rock / Soft Rock / Weathered Rock / Sediment / Colluviums / other

Cause of Disaster : rain, earthquake, human activity, eroded by river, other ( ), uncle

SLOPE

EXISTING

DRAINAGE

025

km -8+250

27,520.00

2000 m3 13.76 27,520.00

Figure 6.3.1 (1) Format of Road Disaster Registration Record

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SLOPE INSPECTION SHEET (PHOTOGRAPH) ABC / JICA

Route No. 25 Chainage: 8+250 km - kmSide of Road Right / Left Date:

Photograph

2007/2/7

Figure 6.3.1 (2) Format of Road Disaster Registration Record

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6.4 Recommendation on Maintenance of Road Disaster Registration System

(1) ABC staff understands the importance of road disaster registration and many significant opinions

on maintenance of the system were expressed through a series of discussions during the trial. It is

clarified that supervisors are capable to check the road disaster inspection survey without any

troubles judging from their trial performances.

(2) It is necessary that the system be introduced to all ABC regional offices for practical use under

the responsibility of UPD.

(3) It is recommendable that the road disaster registration data stored on the GIS system be utilized

for making decision of ABC policy and enhancement of awareness to stakeholder concerned.

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ANNEX

<Guide of Disaster Inspection Sheet>

1. Location of Disaster The location of the disaster site must be recorded in accordance with the following points when a

engineer or supervisor of the regional office gets to the place.

• Route number: write the number of the National highway.

• Section: write the number of the section based on the existing numeration

• Station identification: write the starting and terminal points of the section, it’s available to use a

car odometer.

• Coordinates: measure and register the longitude and latitude of the disaster site using a GPS.

• Road side: mark correspondent side with an X.

• Person Inspected: write the name of the technique or supervisor who inspected the disaster.

• Inspection date: write the date on which the inspection was made by the technique or supervisor.

• Person checked: write the name of the person of the regional office who checked the inspection

sheet.

• Date checked: write the date on which the engineer of the regional office who checked the

inspection sheet.

2. Record of the Disaster Condition The disaster condition must be recorded based on the following steps:

• Social condition

• Disasters type

• Weather

• Cause / reason

2.1 Social Condition

The social condition should be written based on the following items:

• Date/time of disaster occurrence: write the date and hour

• Date/time of reporting: write the date and hour

• Person reported: mark an X in the corresponding box, if it corresponds “Others“, it is necessary to

specify the condition of the person who reported in the corresponding box.

• Involved vehicles: record the number of affected vehicles and the type of vehicle based on the list

in Annex 1 (Record of Traffic Accidents ACC-01). Damages should be written, for example; the

conditions of the vehicles that are involved.

• Involved persons: record the number of affected persons in the box and register the number and

condition of dead and injured persons.

2.2 Type of Disaster

The Type of Disaster must be registered under the following items:

• Typical Section: register the typical section in accordance with four cases of platforms.

• Type of Disaster: mark an X in the box which corresponds to an event in the table with the sketch

of Types of Disaster.

▪ Collapse (DR)

▪ Rock fall (CR)

▪ Rock Mass Failure (FR)

▪ Landslide (DL)

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▪ Debris flow (FE)

▪ Embankment failure (FB)

▪ Others.

• Repetitive disaster at the same location: mark an X in the box.

• Dimension of the Disaster: It is necessary to quantify the disaster, write the estimative volume

2.3 Weather

The weather must be registered in accordance with the following points:

• Weather when the disaster happens: mark an X in the box corresponds to item among Rain,

Strong Rain, Cloudy, Clear, etc.

• Conditions of the weather before 48 hours of the disaster occurrence: mark an X in the box

corresponds to item among Rain, Strong Rain, Cloudy, Clear and not clearly.

• Meteorological Condition: mark an X in the box corresponds between humid or dry, taking into

account the characteristics of the zone.

2.4 Cause

The cause of the disaster must be marked X in the box corresponding to item of Rain, Earthquake,

Human Activity, Erosion for Rivers, Others and not clear. If it corresponds to the box of “Others”, specify

cause of the disaster.

3. Condition of Road The condition of the road must be registered in accordance with the following points:

• Road surface

• Existing drainage system

• Existing Prevention Measures

• Slope condition

3.1 Road Surface

The road surface must be registered in the following items:

• Type of Pavement: It is necessary to write the type of pavement that corresponds to item among

Asphalt, Concrete, Stone pavement, Gravel, Earth and others.

3.2 Existing Drainage system

The existing drainage system must be recorded in accordance with the following items.

• Drainages: mark an X in the box in the case of corresponding to existing of drainage. If it

corresponds to the box “Others”, the drainage will be specified clearly.

• Conditions: mark an X in the box corresponds. In case that corresponds to the box “Others“ it is

necessary to describe clearly the conditions of the existing drainage

3.3 Existing Prevention Measures

The existing prevention measures must be registered in accordance with the following points:

• Measurements: the existing measurements must be marked with an X: seven existing cases of

Gabions, Concrete Wall, Rock Bolts, Rock Nails, Netting, Dam and Others. If the case

corresponds to others, the existing measurements must be described.

• Quantity: number and scale of the existing measurements must be described.

3.4 Slope

All the information observed on the existing slope must be registered based on the following points:

• Type of Slope: mark an X in he box corresponding to one of the existing cases in the form, that

are: Natural, Cut, Cut + Natural, Gully and Filling.

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• Coverage of the Slope: mark an X in the box corresponding to one of the cases with coverage,

observed. If the case is “Others“, it is necessary to describe clearly the existing coverage.

• Material of the slope: mark an X in the box corresponding to the type of material observed in the

slope, that are: Hard rock, Soft Rock, Weathering Rock, Sediment, Colluviums and Others. If it

was a combination of these cases, both would be marked. In case of Others it is necessary to

describe clearly the existing material

4. Proposals The proposals must be recorded in accordance with the following points:

• Proposed preventive measures

• Temporary deviation period

• Comments

4.1 Proposed Prevention Measures

The proposed prevention measures must be registered in the following things:

• Item: write the activities or acts to be applied, to which proposed by supervisor.

• Cost estimate: write the estimate of applied measures in investment.

• Quantity of measures: Type of measures, number and quantities of measures with their volume

or weight.

• Unit price: write the unit price of applied measures.

• Cost: write all cost spent in investigation, designing and construction, etc.

4.2 Temporary Deviation Period

In this pointt the supervisor will record the period of temporary deviation foresee by himself to realize

these works.

4.3 Comments

In this point the supervisor will write all the comments and remarks related to the disaster that will not be

recorded in the form.

5. Actual Activities The proposals must be recorded in the following points:

• Period of perturbation of the traffic: write the period of closing the traffic and the expected date of

reopening the traffic.

• Preventive Measures: write the preventive measures that have being executed during the date of

inspection.