chapter 5-continental congress and the articles of confederation
TRANSCRIPT
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June 7, 1776- Congress createsa plan of Confederation
A loose organization of states witha central government consisting ofa unicameral Congress
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Americas first written form of
government was adopted in
November 1777 and ratified bythe last of the states (MD) byMarch 1, 1781 Reason for the delay- Land rights in the West The area between the Appalachians and the
Mississippi River
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The Continental Congress acted ascentral government for America withoutconstitutional authority from 1776(Declaration of Independence until 1781(Ratification of the Articles ofConfederation) Issued the Declaration of Independence Advised the states to form governments
Conducted the war against the British
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During the Revolution the quality ofCongress declined as most returned totheir state governments to make those
governments strongerCongress faced many problems like the
war, avoiding capture, too few membersto pass laws, late arriving members,members leaving when they felt tired orhad something else to do
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Established the army, navy, and marines Appointed Washington as head of army Kept the army supplied
Created a diplomatic corps who won a greatvictory when France recognized America asan independent nation and entered the war
Created a postal service Created the Articles of Confederation
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Financing the war States did not give them the power to
taxPrinted non-backed paper money
Useless as the states did not accept it
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Confederacy- A loose organization of states in which the
central government consists of a
unicameral congress and the states aremore powerful than the central government
No Executive Branch and no FederalCourts
Memories of a tyrannical king prevented thecreation of an executive to oversee thegovernment
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Conduct foreign affairs Send ambassadors to foreign countries Negotiate treaties
Operate a national postal system Control and supply the army Coin money Establish standard weights and measures
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Department of Foreign Affairs Ambassadors
Treaties
Department of War Control and supply the army, navy, and
marines
Department of Finance Oversight of national finances
Department of the Post Office
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No Executive Branch to enforce thelaws
No Federal Court System to hearcases that arose between or amongthe states
Major decisions required approvalby at least 9 states
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One year terms of office forcongressmen did not allow forexpertise in decision-making
Lacked the power to tax its owncitizens directly
Paper money that they printed was
worthless and not accepted in thestates No Federal currency
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Could not regulate trade by the stateswith other nations No Federal import taxes
Could not protect its citizens abroad
Needed all states to unanimously voteto make changes to the Articles ofConfederation
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New land policy that was the only realsuccess of the Articles ofConfederation
Divided American land in the West intoterritories Subdivided into townships that were six
miles square
Further subdivided into 36 sections onesquare mile each 16th section was set aside for public
education
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Requirements for statehood werecreated Initially- Congress appointed a governor, a
secretary, and three judges at the creationof a territory
When the territory reached 5,000 adultwhite males it became eligible to elect arepresentative legislature
When the territory reached 60,000 adultwhite males it became eligible forapplication for statehood
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The first territory established west ofthe Appalachians was the NorthwestTerritory Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, and
Ohio
Slavery was outlawed
Provision for public education
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