India Study Guide Answers

Chapter 5 Assessment- Thursday, December 19th India Study Guide AnswersVocabularyReincarnation- the cycle of rebirthNirvana- a state of peace in Buddhism where the soul is free from reincarnationVedas- The religious poems and texts of the Aryan culture that led to HinduismKarma- the affects that good and bad actions have on a persons soulSiddhartha- Buddhas real name when he was a Kshatriya. VocabularyCaste System- The Hindu (Aryan) social hierarchy, it placed people in groups based on wealth, birth, or occupationFour Noble Truths- The main guiding principles in Buddhism (overcoming desire, following the Eightfold Path)Aryans- This nomadic civilization took over the Indus River Valley after the Harappan. They established the Hindu Caste System.Himalayas- Mountain range in Northeast IndiaBuddha- Means enlightened one. Buddha disagreed with the Caste System in India. Short Answers: Most of Buddhas teachings reflected the ideas of another world religion. Which one? Explain.Hinduism- they both believe in Karma, a form of salvation or heaven (Moksha or Nirvana), Reincarnation, BrahmanWhat are some similarities between Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Ancient India?They all were on rivers that received silt due to yearly floods.They all had a social hierarchy (Egypt and Meso. was based on jobs, India was based on the Caste System and karma.)Similar landforms- desert, mountainsHow does karma work? (In Hinduism)Good karma- you can be reincarnated into a higher caste.Bad karma- you can be reincarnated into a lower caste or even a lower life form. Name two bad things about the Hindu Caste System.You cant marry outside of your caste.Caste is a matter of birth (you cant change it in that lifetime)You cant eat with members of other castes.Discrimination in ancient times was legal. If you break a law, you become an untouchable. How did Buddhas teachings agree and disagree with Hinduism. One for each.Agree- Both religions believe in karma, reincarnation, Brahman , a type of heaven or salvationDisagree- Buddhism disagrees with the Caste System Snows from what mountains caused the Indus River to flood?The Himalayan MountainsWhat was the first civilization to develop in India. What do we know about them? Why dont we know much about them?The Harappan CivilizationWe know they built great cities with fortresses, market places, public wells. They also built their cities on a grid system.We know they had a type of writing, but we dont know a lot because we cant read it. Purusa- The Caste ManHead/Mouth- Brahmins, priests speak the faithChest/Arms- Kshatriyas, warriors and rulers (strength) Belly/Thigh- Vaisyas, farmers and craftspeople (farmers- stomach for food and thighs are the specific jobs the skilled workers do)Legs/Feet- Sudra, servants who do all the runningHarijan (Untouchable)- not allowed on the bodyPrimary vs. Secondary ReviewAre the following sources primary or secondary?A textbook about Ancient India- SecondaryThe Harappan City of Mohenjo Daro- PrimaryA pieces of Aryan pottery- PrimaryA website about the history of the Hindu religion-Secondary