chapter 5 5.3 allied resistance
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 5Germany’s Defeat in WWII
Allied Resistance
Brief Recap: German Defeat
What have we learned about so far? USA’s role in Germany’s defeat German weaknesses and mistakes
Today: Allied Resistance
Lesson Objectives
1) How the reorganisation of the Soviet Union changed the course of the war on the Eastern Front
2) How Britain stood up against Hitler
3) How resistance movements aided the Allies
Reorganisation of the Soviet Union
Reorganisation of the Soviet Union
Soviet Union responsible for defeating 80% of the German armed forces on the Eastern Front
Operation Barbarossa launched – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RePO
WFtsInw
Blitzkrieg on an awesome scale – Russians caught off-guard Soviet air and tank forces almost destroyed
Reorganisation of the Soviet Union
Tide would soon turn…
No. Reason Effect?
1 Errors on German side
2 Strong resistance from Soviet
troops
3 Bitter Russian winters
4 Lend-Lease aid from 1942
Gave Soviets the chance to:
i) Reorganise army
ii) Rebuild economy
iii)Restore military
production
Key Battles
Battle of Moscow
Battle of Stalingrad
Battle of Kursk
Reorganisation of the Soviet Union
Battle of Moscow (Oct 1941-Jan 1942)▪ Political significance▪Delays allowed Soviets to reorganise and turn the tide Counter-attack
Reorganisation of the Soviet Union
Battle of Stalingrad (23 Aug 1942 – 2 Feb 1943) – turning point▪ Reasons: name of city, oil fields in Caucasus, communications▪ ‘Not a step backwards’▪Germans took parts of city but couldn’t assert themselves▪ Bled Germany army dry
Reorganisation of the Soviet Union
Battle of Kursk (July-Aug 1943)▪ Launched to restore confidence▪Greatest Tank battle of WW2▪ Last major offensive by Germans in Russia
British Resistance
‘Blood, toil, tears and sweat’:What was Churchill’s message?
I would say to the House, as I said to those who've joined this government: "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.“ We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many long months of struggle and of suffering. You ask, what is our policy? I will say: It is to wage war, by sea, land and air, with all our might and with all the strength that God can give us; to wage war against a monstrous tyranny, never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word: victory. Victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be; for without victory, there is no survival.
WC planned to lead Britain to fight the Germans till the end,
till victory was achieved.
British Resistance
Hitler had hoped that Britain would discuss peace terms after the fall of France in June 1940 – How did WC respond?
British Resistance
Why couldn’t Blitzkrieg work against Britain? relied on the fast and flexible
deployment of large numbers of ground troops
Battle of Britain
Germany needed to gain air and sea supremacy before its troops could invade Britain Planned to launch Operation Sea Lion
– amphibious and airborne invasion of Britain
Heinkel He 111Flown during Battle of Britain
Battle of Britain
Hitler aimed to devastate Royal Air Force (RAF) by bombing British shipping and coastal defences, airfields and radar installations Hitler’s tactical changes
(see Part 2) gave RAF time to recover
Bombing of British cities strengthened the morale of Britons
Bombing of London
Battle of Britain
Failure to launch Operation Sea Lion or to force Britain to sign an armistice
British Victory in the Battle of Britain
Resistance Movements
Definition
Who is this man? What did he do?
Lim Bo SengPart of Force 136, a British-led underground resistance movement against the Japanese
Definition
What is a ‘resistance movement’? An organized effort by a portion of
the civil population of a country to resist the legally established government or an occupying power and to disrupt civil order and stability.
Scene from Defiance http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZrA-
i6kOdc
Resistance Movements
Resistance movements in Nazi-occupied areas provided important information and support to the Allies Sabotage operations – blow
up rail links and factories Spreading false intelligence to
Germans Helped Allies gather
intelligence Many joined attack on
Germans when the Germans began their retreat
Resistance Movements
The Yugoslav, Polish and Soviet resistance movements, as well as the Free French Forces, were a few prominent examples of such movements
Free French Forces under General Charles De Gaulle
Resistance Movements
When Germany invaded the USSR, communists, who were experienced in underground resistance movements, began to actively resist the Nazis
Pinkus KartinPart of Polish Communist resistance
Recap Questions
What were a few factors which helped the Soviets gain an advantage over the Germans?
What were Hitler’s objectives during the Battle of Britain? Why did the Germans lose?
How did resistance movements aid the Allies?