Chapter 4: The Dawn of Filipino nationalism

* Liberal Regime of Carlos Ma. Dela Torre* Racial Discrimination* Secularization Controversy* Cavite Mutiny of 1872* Rizal and the Cavite Mutiny of 1872

Prepared By:Frances Mae M. Pamisa

Liberal Regime of Carlos Ma. Dela Torre

A Governor-General in the year 1869. Has won many successful battles. Has set a liberal and democratic philosophy. Has abolished censorship of the press.

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• A person is treated less favorably.• A factor that contributed to the development

of Filipinos' sense of nationhood.• Spaniards called Filipinos "indios".

Racial Discrimination

Racial Discrimination

Wrote " Si Tandang Basyong Macunat."

- Portrayed the Filipino as individual with low mental ability.

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Is a Religious Issue between priests.

Two Kinds of Priests: Regular Priests Secular Priests

Secularization Controversy

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Fr. Pedro Pelaez Lead the Filipino seculars.

Parishes under Filipino Priests were taken over by friars

Fr. Pelaez appealed to Queen Isabela II.

Fr. Pelaez died beacuse of Earthquake.

Secularization Controversy

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January 20, 1872 a mutiny broke out

among Filipino soldiers in the arsenal of

Cavite under the leadership of Sgt. La Madrid.

Mutiny was brought about by Izquierdo’s abolition

of their exemption from tributes and forced labor.

Cavite Mutiny of 1872

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Spanish Authorities arrested the Liberal-minded Filipinos.

The incident was exaggerated by the Spaniards to implicate Fathers José Burgos, Mariano Gomez, and Jacinto Zamora,

Cavite Mutiny of 1872

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Rizal was still very young when the mutiny broke out.

When he heard of the martyrdom of GomBurZa, he changed his mind and swore to dedicate his life to vindicate the victims of Spanish oppresion.

Rizal and the Cavite Mutiny of 1872

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“ Without 1872 there would not be now either a Plaridel, or Jaena, nor Sanciano, or would there exist brave and generous Filipino colonies in Europe; Without 1872, Rizal would be a Jesuit now and instead of writing the Noli Me Tangere, would have written the opposite. At the sight of those injustices and cruelties, while still a child, my imagination was awakened and I swore to devote myself to avenge one day so many victims…”

Rizal Letter to Ponce

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“… and with this idea in mind I have been studying and this can be read in all my works and writings. God will someday give me an opportunity to carry out my promise. Good! May they commit abuses, let there be imprisonments, banishments, executions, good. Let destiny be fulfilled! The day they lay their hands on us, the day they martirize innocent families for our fault, goodbye friar government, and perhaps goodbye Spanish government.”