Chapter 3 Protists Chapter 3 Protists and Fungiand Fungi

Section 1 ProtistsSection 1 Protists

Section 1 – ProtistsSection 1 – ProtistsObjectivesObjectives

After this lesson, you should be able After this lesson, you should be able to:to:– Describe the characteristics of animal Describe the characteristics of animal

like, funguslike, and plantlike protistslike, funguslike, and plantlike protists

Section 1 Protists VocabSection 1 Protists Vocab

u 1. protozoan1. protozoan

An animal-like protist.An animal-like protist.

u 2. pseudopod2. pseudopod

A “false foot” or temporary bulge of A “false foot” or temporary bulge of the cell membrane used for feeding the cell membrane used for feeding and movement in some protozoans. and movement in some protozoans.

u 3. contractile vacuole3. contractile vacuole

The cell structure that collects extra The cell structure that collects extra water from the cytoplasm and then water from the cytoplasm and then expels it from the cell. expels it from the cell.

u 4. cilia4. cilia

The hairlike projections on the The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a outside of cells that move in a wavelike mannerwavelike manner

u 5. symbiosis5. symbiosis

A close relationship between two A close relationship between two organisms in which at least one of organisms in which at least one of the organisms benefits. the organisms benefits.

u 6. mutualism6. mutualism

A type of symbiosis in which both A type of symbiosis in which both partners benefit from living partners benefit from living together.together.

u sporespore

A tiny cell that is able to grow into a A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism.new organism.

u 8. alga8. alga

A plantlike protist.A plantlike protist.

u 9. pigment9. pigment

A chemical that produces color. A chemical that produces color.

NotesNotes

u 1. Three Groups of Protists:1. Three Groups of Protists:

– AA

– BB

– CC

Protozoans with Cilia

Protozoans with Flagella

Protozoans with Pseudopods

u 2. _________________________ 2. _________________________

move and feed by formingmove and feed by forming

________________.________________.

Sarcodines (a group of protozoans)

pseudopods

u 3. A __________________________ 3. A __________________________

is an animal like protist that uses is an animal like protist that uses

____________________ to move.____________________ to move.

Ciliates

cilia

u 4. ______________________ are 4. ______________________ are

parasites that feed on cells and parasites that feed on cells and

_________________ of their hosts._________________ of their hosts.

Sporozoans

Body fluids

u 5. Like fungi, funguslike protists are 5. Like fungi, funguslike protists are _______________________, have _______________________, have _____________, and use _____________, and use ____________________ to ____________________ to ____________________. Unlike fungus ____________________. Unlike fungus they are able to they are able to _____________________._____________________.

heterotrophsCell walls

sporesreproduce

move

u 6. Three types of Funguslike protists:6. Three types of Funguslike protists:

– A.A.

– B.B.

– C.C.

Water Molds

Downy Mildews

Slime Molds

u 7. _________________________ is a 7. _________________________ is a

common plant like protist found at the common plant like protist found at the

beach.beach.

seaweed

u 8. The one characteristic that all 8. The one characteristic that all algae algae

share is that they are all share is that they are all

_____________________________._____________________________.autotrophs

u 9. Three uses of diatoms:9. Three uses of diatoms:

– A.A.

– B.B.u http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNM3AfGPHfwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNM3AfGPHfw

– C.C.

Polishing agents

once added to toothpaste

In swimming pool filters

u 10. ______________________, which is 10. ______________________, which is extracted from _______ algae is used extracted from _______ algae is used in products such as in products such as ________________________.________________________.

Carrageenan

red

Ice creams and hair conditioners

u 11. Brown algae is used in products 11. Brown algae is used in products such such

as _____________ and as _____________ and

__________________.__________________.

puddings

Salad dressings

Chapter 3 Protists Chapter 3 Protists and Fungiand Fungi

Section 2: Algal BloomsSection 2: Algal Blooms

Section 2 – Algal BloomsSection 2 – Algal BloomsObjectivesObjectives

u After this lesson, you should be able After this lesson, you should be able to:to:– Describe how red tides occur and Describe how red tides occur and

explain why they are dangerousexplain why they are dangerous– Explain how the rapid growth of algae Explain how the rapid growth of algae

affects ponds in a lake.affects ponds in a lake.

Section 2 Algal Blooms Section 2 Algal Blooms VocabVocab

u 1. algal bloom1. algal bloom

The rapid growth of a population of The rapid growth of a population of algae.algae.

u 2. red tide2. red tide

An algal bloom that occurs in salt An algal bloom that occurs in salt water.water.

u 3. eutrophication3. eutrophication

The buildup over time of nutrients in The buildup over time of nutrients in freshwater lakes and ponds that freshwater lakes and ponds that leads to an increase in the growth of leads to an increase in the growth of algae.algae.

NotesNotes

u 1. ____________________ and 1. ____________________ and

__________________ are two types of__________________ are two types of

algae that bloom in red tides.algae that bloom in red tides.

Dinoflagellates

diatoms

u 2. Explain why red tides are 2. Explain why red tides are dangerous.dangerous.

The toxins that the algae produces may lead to serious illness or death to the organisms that consume the algae.

u 3. Two natural and human activities 3. Two natural and human activities that increase the rate of that increase the rate of eutrophication are:eutrophication are:

– A.A.

– B. B.

Fertilizers spread on fields that can make their way to nearby lakes and ponds

Poorly designed or aging septic tanks can leak their contents in the soil

Chapter 3 Protists Chapter 3 Protists and Fungiand FungiSection 3 FungiSection 3 Fungi

Section 3 – FungiSection 3 – FungiObjectivesObjectives

u After this lesson, you should be able After this lesson, you should be able to:to:– Name the characteristics that all fungi Name the characteristics that all fungi

shareshare– Describe how fungi obtain foodDescribe how fungi obtain food– List the roles fungi play in the living List the roles fungi play in the living

worldworld– Describe the ways that fungi reproduceDescribe the ways that fungi reproduce

Section 3 Fungi VocabSection 3 Fungi Vocab

u 1. hypha1. hypha

One of many branching, threadlike One of many branching, threadlike tubes that make up the body of a tubes that make up the body of a fungus.fungus.

u 2. fruiting body2. fruiting body

The reproductive hypha of a fungus.The reproductive hypha of a fungus.

u 3. budding3. budding

A form of asexual reproduction of A form of asexual reproduction of yeast in which a new yeast cell grows yeast in which a new yeast cell grows out of the body of a parent. out of the body of a parent.

u 4. lichen4. lichen

The combination of a fungus and The combination of a fungus and either an alga or an autotrophic either an alga or an autotrophic bacterium that live together in a bacterium that live together in a mutualistic relationship.mutualistic relationship.

NotesNotes

u 1. Three characteristics of fungi1. Three characteristics of fungi

– A.A.

– B.B.

– C. C.

They are eukaryotes

Use spores to reproduce

They are heterotrophs

u 2. Explain how fungi obtain their 2. Explain how fungi obtain their food:food:

* First, the fungus grows hyphae into a food source.

* Then digestive chemicals ooze from the tips of the hyphae into the food.

*The digestive chemicals break down the food into small substances that can be absorbed by the hyphae

u 3. The four groups of fungi:3. The four groups of fungi:

u **

u **

u **

u **

Threadlike Fungi

Sac Fungi

Club Fungi

Imperfect Fungi

u 4. Three ways fungi help us:4. Three ways fungi help us:

– A.A.

– B.B.

– C.C.

Environmental recycling - decomposers

Food . Example – yeast cells use the sugar in the dough for food and produce carbon dioxide

Fights some diseases . Example: fungus Penicillin produces a substance that kills the bacteria growing near it.