chapter 3 internship activities - abstrak.ta.uns.ac.id · internship activities in this chapter,...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 3
Internship Activities
In this chapter, the writer will discuss about what was done when doing internship
program in UPT P2B of Sebelas Maret University as a translator. The writer had translated 36
texts in total, including 26 legal/official documents consisting of birth certificates and graduation
certificates, and 10 personal document consisting general texts or non-legal documents such as
speech manuscript and abstract. The writer will firstly discuss about activities in general in order
to give an overview of the activities done by the writer during the internship program, after that
the writer will explain about translating legal document including explanation about what does
legal document refer to, then the writer will also explain about translating personal document
including explanation about what personal documents refer to, and the last the writer would
discuss about the problems during the internship program along with the solution.
Activities in General
When doing the internship program in UPT P2B, the writer had translated many
legal and personal documents. Before translating text, a client is required to fill a translation
contract in order to make a deal and to inform the client about the rights and responsibilities by
both client and translator. The picture of translation contract is attached bellow:
After the client signs the translation contract, then the translator starts to translate
the text as soon as possible considering many other documents needed to translate.
1. Translating Legal Document
Legal document refers to documents that are officially legitimated according to
law or a Decision such as birth certificates and certificate of graduation. Translating legal
documents requires translator to know the terms that has been patented to be used as equal words
in legal documents, for example the words “Surat Keputusan (SK)” shouldn’t be literally
translated into “Letter of Decision”, but “Decision”. Therefore, in order to make acceptable,
readable, and accurate translation, there are some procedures done by the writer when translating
legal documents in UPT P2B of Sebelas Maret University.
a. Comprehending Text
In the earlier semester when the writer takes translation class, the writer realizes
that comprehending text is needed to be done in order to make a grammatically
acceptable translation since translation couldn’t be done by translating word by word.
Translating word by word tends to make a grammatically wrong translation since
grammar of Bahasa is different from English grammar. Therefore when translating legal
documents, the writer would firstly try to understand the text. This is started with
understanding sentence by sentence.
b. Finding Parallel Text
After doing text comprehension, then the writer starts to search parallel text on the
internet because the writer have never translated any legal documents although the writer
had taken translation class in the earlier semester. Therefore, finding parallel text is
needed when the writer does not understand terms in legal document.
c. Translating
If the writer finds parallel text related to legal document that is being translated,
then the writer will start to translate the text. In translating, the writer needs dictionary
both online and offline to help finding new vocabularies.
d. Revising the First Translation
If the writer finishes with the translation, then the writer submits it to the
supervisor. Next, the writer discusses it with the supervisor, and then the supervisor may
revise and edit the writer’s translation if there are any mistake.
In order to give a clear picture about the writer’s translation in UPT P2B of
Sebelas Maret University, bellows are the pictures of source text, of the writer’s first and
final translation, and table of comparison between source text, first translation, and final
translation as the example.
Indonesia to English
Picture 1.1 Source Text of Certificate of Graduate of Sebelas Maret University
*Several information have been discarded to protect the secrecy of the document
Picture 1.3 Final Translation
Below is the table of comparison between the source text, the first translation and the final
translation.
Table 1.1
Source Text First Translation Final Translation
- NO
- Departemen
Pendidikan Nasional
- Universitas Sebelas
Maret Surakarta
menyatakan bahwa
Number:
Department of National
Education
Sebelas Maret University
Surakarta
Certificate Of Graduation
Number
The Ministry Of National
Education
Sebelas Maret University
Surakarta
Certificate Of Graduation
- NRM:
- Lahir di…tanggal
- Telah menyelesaikan
dan memenuhi semua
syarat pendidikan
program pascasarjana
Universitas Sebelas
Maret
- Program Studi: Ilmu
Komunikasi
- Minat Utama: Teori
dan Penelitian
Komunikasi
- kepadanya diberikan
gelar
- Magister Sains (M.Si)
- Beserta segala hak dan
kewajiban yang
melekat pada gelar
tersebut
This is to certify that:
Student Registration
Number:
born in…on
Finished and fulfilled all of
the educational
requirements
Graduate program of
Sebelas Maret University
Study Program :
Communication Science
Core Interest: Theory And
Research Of
Communication
and therefore he was
admitted to the degree of:
MAGISTER SAINS (M.Si.)
with all rights and
responsibilities appertaining
thereto.
This is to certify that:
Student Registration
Number:
born in…on
completed and fulfilled all of
the educational requirements
for the Graduate Program
in Communication Science,
the Core Interest of Theory
and Research of
Communication, Sebelas
Maret University
and therefore he was
admitted to the Graduate
Degree of
MAGISTER SAINS (M.Si.)
Graduate Degree in Science
with all the rights and
responsibilities appertaining
thereto
- Diberikan di Surakarta
pada tanggal Tujuh
Belas Januari Dua Ribu
Empat
- Direktur Program
Pascasarjana
- Rektor
granted in surakarta on the
seventeenth day of january
in the year of two thousand
and four
Director Graduate Program
Rector
Granted in Surakarta on the
Seventeenth Day of January
in the Year of Two Thousand
and Four.
Director of Graduate and
Postgraduate Program
Rector
Based on the figures and table above, it can be seen that the writer applies two
technique of translation namely (1) literal technique that can be seen in most of the words in the
text that were translated literally, and (2) pure borrowing that can be seen from the degree
“Magister Sains (M.Si)” that was also translated into “Magister Sains (M.Si)” in the first
translation, but the supervisor revised it by adding explanation of the degree in English.
English to Indonesia
Picture 1.4 Source Text of Chinese Marriage
Below is the table of comparison between source text, first translation and final translation.
Table 1.2
Source Text First Translation Final Translation
- Certificate Bearer
- Date of registration:
July 28, 2014
- Zi and No. of
marriage certificate
- Remark:
- Name:
- Sex: Male
- Nationality: China
- Date of Birth:
- ID Card No.:
- Name:
- Sex: Female
- Nationality: Indonesia
- ID card No.:
- Stipulated in the
Marriage Law, both
the man and woman
desiring to contract a
marriage must register
in person with the
marriage registration
office.
- If the proposed
marriage is found to
Pemegang Akta
Tanggal Pendaftaran: 28 Juli
2014
Zi dan Nomor Akta
Perkawinan
Menyatakan:
Nama:
Jenis Kelamin: Laki-Laki
Kewarganegaraan: China
Tanggal lahir:
Nomor Identitas
Nama
Jenis Kelamin: Perempuan
Kewarganegaraan: Indonesia
Nomor Identitas:
Menurut Undang-Undang
Perkawinan, kedua belah
pihak yang ingin melakukan
pernikahan harus mendaftar
sendiri ke Kantor Catatan
Perkawinan
Apabila ajuan pernikahan
telah memenuhi ketetapan,
Nama Lengkap Pemegang
Akta
Tanggal Pendaftaran: 28 Juli
2014
Nomor Akta Perkawinan
Keterangan:
Nama:
Jenis Kelamin : Laki-Laki
Kebangsaan: Cina
Tanggal Lahir:
Nomor Kartu Identitas
Nama
Jenis Kelamin: Perempuan
Kebangsaan: Indonesia
Nomor Kartu Identitas:
Ditetapkan dalam Undang-
Undang Perkawinan, laki-laki
dan perempuan yang
menghendaki Akad
Perkawinan harus mendaftar
sendiri pada Kantor
Pencatatan Perkawinan.
Jika perkawinan yang
diajukan diketahui sesuai
be in conformity with
the provisions of the
law, the couple shall
be allowed to register
and issued the
marriage certificate.
- The husband-and-wife
relationship shall be
established as soon as
they acquire the the
marriage certificate
maka pasangan akan diijinkan
untuk mendaftar dan diberi
Akta Perkawaninan.
Status hubungan suami-istri
akan disahkan setelah mereka
memperoleh Akta
Perkawinan
dengan ketentuan-ketentuan
undang-undang yang berlaku,
pasangan tersebut harus
diizinkan untuk mendaftarkan
perkawinannya dan Akta
Perkawinan harus diterbitkan.
Hubungan suami dan istri
harus dijalankan segera
setelah pasangan tersebut
memperoleh akta perkawinan.
The writer also received a legal document from China that had been translated
into English. From the figures and table of the legal document from China, it can be seen that the
writer used literal technique in translating the text. But the writer’s supervisor used
particularization technique to translate “Certificate Bearer” into “Nama Lengkap Pemegang
Akta”.
2. Translating Personal Document
Personal document refers to general documents owned by someone, a group or on
behalf of an institution without officially legitimized based on law or a decision, such as speech
manuscript, and abstract. As well as translating legal document, translating personal documents
requires the writer to know terms usually used in certain fields such as Economic, and to do
some procedures as follows in order to make acceptable, readable, and accurate translation:
a. Comprehending Text
In translating any kind of text, the writer will firstly try to comprehend the text to
find the meaning of the sentences so that every word will not be wrongly translated
considering that one word can be translated into several words.
b. Rearranging Text
Translating general text is different from translating legal text. The sentences in
legal text will not be rearranged considering that legal documents already have pattern
sentence issued by government, but general texts sometimes need to be rearranged due
to several inappropriate grammars or dictions. This needs done in order to make
readable and acceptable sentences.
c. Finding Parallel Text
Finding parallel text is needed in translating any kind of text since this can make
the writer sure about certain terms in equal words.
d. Translating Text
After the writer is convinced about grammar and dictions in each sentence by
rearranging it, and about terms that should be used, then the writer will start to translate.
e. Revising Text
Although the writer feels convinced about the translation, the writer still have to
give the first translation to the supervisor to be revised. From here the writer learnt a lot
about the mistakes.
In order to give a clear picture about personal document translated by the writer,
the writer will also give a table containing source text, first translation and final
translation from Bahasa to English related to a personal document. But unfortunately the
writer did not receive any personal document in English that needed to be translated into
Bahasa.
Table 2.1 Journal Document
Source Text First Translation Final Translation
Jika perusahaan mendapatkan
laba yang terus meningkat,
hal itu direspon positif oleh
para investor sebagai prospek
yang baik untuk perusahaan,
dan hal ini akan direspon
positif, sehingga menaikkan
If company gets profit which
keeps on increasing, it will be
positively considered by
investors as a good prospect
for company so that it will
increase stock price. Brigham
and Houstom (2006) stated
If company gets profit which
is increasing, it will be
positively considered by
investors as a good prospect
for company so that it will
increase stock price. Brigham
and Houstom (2006) state
harga saham. Brigham dan
Houston (2006) menyatakan
bahwa “rasio profitabilitas
akan menunjukkan efek dari
likuiditas, manajemen aktiva,
dan utang pada hasil operasi”.
Rasio ini digunakan untuk
mengetahui kemampuan
perusahaan dalam
menghasilkan laba atau
seberapa efektif pengelolaan
perusahaan oleh manajemen.
that “profitability ratios show
the combined effects of
liquidity, asset management,
and debt on operating
results”. This ratio is used to
find out about company’s
ability in getting profit or
about how effective the
company’s management by
management.
that “profitability ratios show
the combined effects of
liquidity, asset management,
and debt on operating
results”. This ratio is used to
investigate the company’s
ability in getting profit or
about how effective the
corporate management is.
In the table 1.2.1, the writer chose 1 paragraph from a personal document entitled
“Journal Document” as the example. From the first translation, it can be seen that the writer
applies literal technique in translating this text. But in the last sentence of the source text, “Rasio
ini digunakan untuk mengetahui kemampuan perusahaan dalam menghasilkan laba atau
seberapa efektif pengelolaan perusahaan oleh manajemen.” was translated into “This ratio is
used to find out about company’s ability in getting profit or about how effective the company’s
management by management.” by the writer. From these two sentences, it can be seen that the
word “menghasilkan laba” is not literally translated into “producing profit”, but “getting profit”
because company’s profit is not produced, but it’s gotten by selling a product. This is why
comprehending text is necessary to be done in order to understand the meaning of the text.
Problems during Internship
During the internship program, the writer faced several problems in translating.
That’s why, the writer’s logbook not only does it contain of lists of activity, date and time, but it
also contains lists of problem and solution. Bellows are the problems faced during the internship
program along with the solution:
a. Lack of Vocabularies related to Certain Fields
Although the writer is an English Diploma Program student and had taken
translation class in the previous semester, the writer was still lack of vocabularies
related to certain fields such as economic and field of law. This was because the
writer only faced general texts in translation class, and mostly spoke and wrote
colloquial language in every class in the previous semesters. Lack of vocabularies
sometimes caused grammar problem. For example when translating a certificate
of appreciation, the writer translated ”DISBUDPARPORA Kabupaten Klaten”
into ”Ministry of Tourism Cultural Affairs,Youth and Sport of Klaten Regency”,
but then the writer’s supervisor revised it into ” The Office of Tourism, Cultural
Affairs, Youth, and Sport of Klaten Regency”. This is because the writer never
translated name of an institution before. The strategy done by the writer to solve
this problem is by checking the new vocabularies in online or offline dictionary
and in parallel text. That’s why, when doing the internship program the writer’s
laptop is always connected to the internet in order to make it easier for the writer
in accessing online dictionary and in finding parallel text.
b. Election of Equal Word
When the writer faced new vocabularies in English that needed to be translated
into Bahasa, or otherwise, the writer would search it in dictionary. But sometimes
the writer was confused in selecting words that should be used. This was because
one word can be translated into several words. Although this seems trivial, but if
the writer chose the wrong word, then it would make the text not acceptable,
accurate or readable. For example in the document entitled “Journal Document”,
there’s a sentence “Teori Struktur Modal yang dikemukakan oleh Modigliani dan
Miller menjelaskan bahwa…” that was translated into “Capital Structure Theory
stated by Modigliani and Miller explains that…”. The writer was firstly confused
whether the word “dikemukakan” should be translated into “claimed”, “stated”,
“declared” or just “said”. But then the writer chose the word “stated” because
most of parallel text used the word “stated” to refer to a quotation of a theory. The
strategy done by the writer to solve this problem is by checking it in the parallel
text. If the writer finds the equal word in the parallel text but still feels confused,
then the writer would directly ask the supervisor.
c. Text Comprehension
Comprehending text became the first thing done by the writer before translating
any text. But sometimes the writer felt confused in comprehending text due to
complexity level of a text. In a speech manuscript entitled “The Role of Family in
Environment”, there’s a sentence “Hingga kepada usaha dari beberapa keluarga
untuk membentuk keluarga pemerhati lingkungan hidup untuk mendengar jeritan
minta tolong oleh bumi ini karena keserakahan pelaku-pelaku hidup” that was
literally translated by the writer into “Till the effort of some families to found
environmentalist family to care about this earth’s cry needing help due to human’s
greed.”, but then the writer’s supervisor revised it into “Families must also strive
to become environmentalists to care this earth, which “cries and appeals” for help
due to human greed.”. From the comparison between these three sentences, it can
be seen that the writer didn’t understand the meaning of the sentence so that the
writer literally translated “jeritan minta tolong oleh bumi” into “this earth’s cry
needing help” that made the idiom sound strange. The one and only strategy that
can be done by the writer to solve this problem is by reading the text again and
again in order to get the meaning of the text. .