chapter 3 form 2

8/2/2019 Chapter 3 Form 2

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5. Habitat: The place where an organism

lives

Examples: soil, treetops, caves, seaside,moist bread, pond

6. Biodiversity: the variety of living

organisms. We can see diversity

everywhere- forests, seasides, coral and

deserts

7. In general, there is greater biodiversity as

you get closer to the equator. This is

because the climate is warmer and more

moist.

8. Different organisms have different

characteristics to help them adapt to their

environment. This is very important to their

survival.

Classifications of living organisms


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1.The sorting of living organisms into

groups based on their common living

characteristics is called classification

2. In the classification system used today,

organisms are classified into five main

groups called kingdoms which are:

- Animals

- Plants- Fungi

- Bacteria

- Simple organisms


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Classification of animals

Animals can be classified into two main groups

- Vertebrates

- Invertebrates

Vertebrates:- animals with backbones arecalled vertebrate
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=plants&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=qh5B8cMrJb8MeM:&imgrefurl=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Top-15-NASA-039-s-Plants-That-Can-Save-Your-Life-78345.shtml&docid=1W3vdn3O9u6wOM&imgurl=http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/extra/SCIENCE/large/NASA%27sPlants_04large.png&w=640&h=480&ei=OEWCT9-pNcbOrQfF3fzcBQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=732&vpy=310&dur=1519&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=143&ty=118&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=120&tbnw=183&start=0&ndsp=22&ved=1t:429,r:12,s:0,i:172http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=insects&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=sjSbObc2Jhq5IM:&imgrefurl=http://visual.merriam-webster.com/animal-kingdom/insects-arachnids/examples-insects_4.php&docid=NdhOCPBl0_ZZQM&imgurl=http://visual.merriam-webster.com/images/animal-kingdom/insects-arachnids/examples-insects_4.jpg&w=550&h=384&ei=GEWCT_aCNYaJrAeR8_X_BQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=394&vpy=178&dur=4642&hovh=188&hovw=269&tx=163&ty=113&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=118&tbnw=152&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:134http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=fish&hl=en&biw=1366&bih=620&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=yNKcCbpWtUhaxM:&imgrefurl=http://crazy-frankenstein.com/fish-wallpapers.html&docid=ShOpZzILUF-AIM&imgurl=http://crazy-frankenstein.com/free-wallpapers-files/animals-wallpapers/fish-wallpapers/life-below-the-red-sea-egypt-fish-wallpapers.jpg&w=1024&h=768&ei=2USCT-3RDo_KrAfQrdjMBQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=274&vpy=312&dur=2762&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=134&ty=132&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=117&tbnw=154&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:15,s:0,i:164


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Invertebrates: animals without backbones are

called invertebrates


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Invertebrate with jointed leg


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Millipede spider

Invertebrate without jointed leg

Worm like

Leeches round

worm

Not worm like

Snail starfish
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=starfish&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=CsUikulZ0zYTOM:&imgrefurl=http://worldphotocollections.blogspot.com/2009/11/beautiful-star-fish-amazing-water-world.html&docid=imVGwafFvIPW4M&imgurl=http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_kxPG6y8Qctk/SwlWOwkzZCI/AAAAAAAAQPA/4jtbco_MZSM/s400/Star%2BFish%2BCollection%2B(36).jpg&w=350&h=350&ei=SiKWT9eXBIXTrQfH3Nz5DQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=1080&vpy=280&dur=1931&hovh=225&hovw=225&tx=79&ty=87&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=118&tbnw=134&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:20,s:0,i:172http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=snail&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=SoehXG6MqMYskM:&imgrefurl=http://animal-wildlife.blogspot.com/2011/08/snail.html&docid=_VeVRj1odj0iRM&imgurl=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-IHXi56ESzxI/Tl0AC132xpI/AAAAAAAAAnU/F9vybax58pg/s1600/snail_2.jpg&w=600&h=416&ei=HyKWT_DaO87NrQeRttGADg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=303&vpy=181&dur=954&hovh=187&hovw=270&tx=136&ty=90&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=123&tbnw=166&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0,i:132http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=round+worm&hl=en&biw=1366&bih=620&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=YWmSm5eCZskDuM:&imgrefurl=http://www.northviewpethospital.ca/news.html&docid=deQCj_JUKi6uEM&imgurl=http://www.northviewpethospital.ca/images/roundworm.jpg&w=492&h=500&ei=uiGWT-LyDMOGrAecxuTfDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=109&vpy=166&dur=1856&hovh=226&hovw=223&tx=163&ty=137&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=121&tbnw=125&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:68http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=leeches&hl=en&biw=1366&bih=620&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=nSJjijLoVIqZyM:&imgrefurl=http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/366700/enlarge&docid=U0NSw-GCcWSQZM&imgurl=http://www.sciencephoto.com/image/366700/large/Z2050004-Medicinal_leech-SPL.jpg&w=530&h=368&ei=XyGWT7niOIKyrAfcwajbDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=883&vpy=144&dur=1609&hovh=187&hovw=270&tx=134&ty=96&sig=100878038853979992453&page=3&tbnh=130&tbnw=173&start=47&ndsp=27&ved=1t:429,r:12,s:47,i:264http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=spider&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=m3TwzHBMQ5FZZM:&imgrefurl=http://spiderindex.blogspot.com/&docid=Jj9tTgbFKktm_M&imgurl=http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_ckBlasgNSzg/Sme4pa9U6EI/AAAAAAAANfw/9tpein68zRg/s400/Trapdoor%2BSpider.jpg&w=400&h=362&ei=8iKWT_y8DoPMrQfB-ZDkDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=756&vpy=168&dur=5245&hovh=214&hovw=236&tx=136&ty=134&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=123&tbnw=159&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0,i:138http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=millipede&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=kNkePJ-AYqlyzM:&imgrefurl=http://www.richard-seaman.com/Wallpaper/Nature/Centipedes/index.html&docid=DlyQzp6qtzW2DM&imgurl=http://www.richard-seaman.com/Wallpaper/Nature/Millipedes/AmericanMillipede.jpg&w=1152&h=864&ei=vSKWT9m1FcnYrQeZ4qzPDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=1048&vpy=200&dur=1158&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=89&ty=96&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=121&tbnw=163&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:0,i:79


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mammal

a)Warm- blooded

b)Have a pair of external earsc) Body covered with fur or hair

d)Breathe through their lungs

e)Give birth to their young

f) The young feed on their mothers milk

g)Carry out internal fertilization

h)Examples : monkeys, bats, whales, rabbits
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=monkey&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=BmzxuMRaKg0YgM:&imgrefurl=http://animal-wildlife.blogspot.com/2011/12/monkey.html&docid=HZSAB-PFx0y4GM&imgurl=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Dt4zQZIq_U4/TvfeRMwptnI/AAAAAAAAEOg/hp_0XRDmQCY/s1600/monkey_5.jpg&w=1280&h=1024&ei=hSWWT4_vOc7LrQeUzvz0DQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=270&vpy=304&dur=1830&hovh=201&hovw=251&tx=143&ty=140&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=121&tbnw=134&start=0&ndsp=23&ved=1t:429,r:16,s:0,i:164http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=rabbit&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=pbgUILFNAWMAtM:&imgrefurl=http://www.hoax-slayer.com/giant-rabbit.shtml&docid=i_lPc5F5KLR8RM&imgurl=http://www.hoax-slayer.com/images/giant-rabbit2.jpg&w=400&h=306&ei=GiWWT-a4O8rsrAe0t-jMDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=253&vpy=175&dur=2460&hovh=196&hovw=257&tx=157&ty=121&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=120&tbnw=153&start=0&ndsp=23&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0,i:145http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=bats&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=--0DXaglGF5JyM:&imgrefurl=http://www.feardoesnotexistinthisdojo.com/bats/&docid=6qk2UHmQz0lrIM&imgurl=http://www.feardoesnotexistinthisdojo.com/storage/vampire-bat.jpg%3F__SQUARESPACE_CACHEVERSION%3D1244811569518&w=442&h=446&ei=0CSWT_HfGM7NrQeRttGADg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=473&vpy=279&dur=2622&hovh=226&hovw=223&tx=157&ty=155&sig=100878038853979992453&page=2&tbnh=132&tbnw=129&start=21&ndsp=28&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:21,i:184http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=whales&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=As3JBHEFjEM3jM:&imgrefurl=http://life-sea.blogspot.com/2011/10/pilot-whale.html&docid=XLVPe6uSXKvl9M&imgurl=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WSisjHnrGrE/TpVLq4_5GBI/AAAAAAAABDg/8KggfQf94gY/s1600/pilot%2Bwhale%2B1.jpg&w=539&h=340&ei=piSWT6ahA4-IrAe5yvXIDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=836&vpy=328&dur=1250&hovh=178&hovw=283&tx=172&ty=141&sig=100878038853979992453&page=2&tbnh=136&tbnw=181&start=21&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:10,s:21,i:214


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Birda)Warm- blooded

b) Body covered with feather

c)Feed by using a beak

d) Have a pair of legs and wings

e)Lay eggs in the nest

f) Most birds live on land

g) Carry out internal fertilization

h) Examples: swans, eagles, crows, owls
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=eagles&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=wEtQMqlWXnFmXM:&imgrefurl=http://www.firstpeople.us/pictures/eagles/1024x768/Bald-Eagle-Fearsome-Flight-1024x768.html&docid=_IvvU5U_RcrCLM&imgurl=http://www.firstpeople.us/pictures/eagles/1024x768/Bald_Eagle-Fearsome_Flight-1024x768.jpg&w=1024&h=768&ei=SyeWT97VH4PTrQfSiMSCDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=274&vpy=328&dur=1603&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=160&ty=136&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=119&tbnw=152&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:15,s:0,i:175http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=swan&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=OS1B3ttP_m5c0M:&imgrefurl=http://www.wildanimalsonline.com/birds/muteswan.php&docid=d1iHTB3FyGEksM&imgurl=http://www.wildanimalsonline.com/birds/muteswan-cygnusolor.jpg&w=640&h=480&ei=3yaWT4GtLILZrQefkvjuDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=729&vpy=175&dur=1601&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=94&ty=76&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=117&tbnw=156&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0,i:138


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http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=platypus&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=hsC_KIBpOFOA0M:&imgrefurl=http://www.platypuscomputing.com/platwhat.html&docid=yGCUlN97n3Ud-M&imgurl=http://www.platypuscomputing.com/images/platygeo.jpg&w=463&h=354&ei=yyeWT43eMoHNrQePkMHTDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=710&vpy=175&dur=1712&hovh=196&hovw=257&tx=173&ty=119&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=120&tbnw=156&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0,i:125http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=beak&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=kVuOfCoMHFgocM:&imgrefurl=http://fineartamerica.com/featured/eagle-beak-power-debra---vatalaro.html&docid=aVqbTsiXo0iYyM&imgurl=http://images.fineartamerica.com/images-medium/eagle-beak-power-debra---vatalaro.jpg&w=600&h=582&ei=iyeWT6WBPIvIrQe7t43lDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=1082&vpy=192&dur=4007&hovh=221&hovw=228&tx=88&ty=103&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=120&tbnw=126&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:20,s:0,i:172http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=feather&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=twDWcqoIcs-4tM:&imgrefurl=http://hannahcurson.blogspot.com/2011_05_01_archive.html&docid=RucL06dB1-Y8kM&imgurl=http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bl1L-uxSeHQ/TeT-zSDKwuI/AAAAAAAAA1I/1iBoXbMFeV8/s640/feather.gif&w=368&h=321&ei=byeWT-eML4ztrQel2dHiDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=241&vpy=295&dur=1658&hovh=210&hovw=240&tx=131&ty=104&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=121&tbnw=139&start=0&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:17,s:0,i:179


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g) Examples: salmon, sharks, sea horses

Amphibian

a) Cold blooded

b) Live both on land and in water

c) Breathe through their skin and lungs

d) Have moist skin
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=fish+fin&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=nE7-3SLd6AGpTM:&imgrefurl=http://www.earthlife.net/fish/fins.html&docid=vFtdZQVWAGblDM&imgurl=http://www.earthlife.net/fish/images/anatomy/abramis.gif&w=600&h=330&ei=kSqWT9mFN8q4rAfwuaSBDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=398&vpy=190&dur=2271&hovh=166&hovw=303&tx=135&ty=79&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=85&tbnw=154&start=0&ndsp=20&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:95http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=fish+scales&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=eePgaIU8GksH_M:&imgrefurl=http://www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/content/interviews/interview/850/&docid=PmrMVk8Wu2MHSM&imgurl=http://www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/uploads/RTEmagicC_Fish_scales_Small.jpg.jpg&w=300&h=265&ei=CiqWT_yNNcamrAe7xvjoDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=304&vpy=64&dur=2199&hovh=211&hovw=239&tx=118&ty=86&sig=100878038853979992453&page=2&tbnh=129&tbnw=151&start=21&ndsp=25&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:21,i:182http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=sea+horse&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=sjN90Qi6zPoKoM:&imgrefurl=http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish/sea-horse/&docid=2hSniT51ag4o5M&imgurl=http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/007/cache/seahorse_704_600x450.jpg&w=600&h=450&ei=1CmWT8nZLMLTrQfU7YXoDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=214&vpy=176&dur=1515&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=115&ty=120&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=119&tbnw=164&start=0&ndsp=27&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0,i:93http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=shark&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=b-cXc6hqffasCM:&imgrefurl=http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Great_white_shark&docid=fIZmO_U9fuSQZM&imgurl=http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/images/ic/credit/640x395/g/gr/great_white_shark/great_white_shark_1.jpg&w=640&h=395&ei=sCmWT9HQPILPrQfntbWBDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=405&vpy=346&dur=1329&hovh=176&hovw=286&tx=202&ty=115&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=120&tbnw=171&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:16,s:0,i:177


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e) Lay eggs in water

f) Carry out external fertilization

g) Examples: frogs, toads, salamanders

Reptile
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=salamander&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=d-yStdmSxZL4WM:&imgrefurl=http://www.animalspot.net/tiger-salamander.html&docid=R9mB8hhM4zU8UM&imgurl=http://www.animalspot.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Tiger-Salamander-Photos.jpg&w=380&h=284&ei=9CuWT9nYPMnhrAfM_LHsDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=452&vpy=307&dur=3166&hovh=194&hovw=260&tx=139&ty=101&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=120&tbnw=160&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:9,s:0,i:149http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=frogs&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=ohZBve70obqt5M:&imgrefurl=http://museum.gov.ns.ca/mnh/nature/frogs/green.htm&docid=XbOtrwhSn5Zm2M&imgurl=http://museum.gov.ns.ca/mnh/nature/frogs/thumbs/images/greenf.jpg&w=500&h=360&ei=IyuWT9KvN4HprQeEl_3gDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=310&vpy=316&dur=2122&hovh=190&hovw=265&tx=128&ty=56&sig=100878038853979992453&page=2&tbnh=133&tbnw=178&start=21&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:19,s:21,i:221


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a) Cold blooded

b) Have dry scaly skin

c) Breathe through their lungs

d) Live on land

e) Normally lay eggs on land

f)Have two pairs of limbs

g) Carry out internal fertilization

h) Examples: crocodiles, tortoises,

lizards
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=crocodile&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=de1xDZHYV1DDaM:&imgrefurl=http://www.coolfacts.in/some-amazing-facts-about-crocodiles/&docid=DsbCZkTjMtm7mM&imgurl=http://coolfacts.in/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/crocodile.jpg&w=640&h=415&ei=Fy2WT52iKMXVrQeN87nYDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=429&vpy=181&dur=847&hovh=181&hovw=279&tx=140&ty=100&sig=100878038853979992453&page=1&tbnh=117&tbnw=154&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:134


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plants

Flowering plants

Non-

flowering

plants

Dicotyled

onsmonocot

yledonalgae mosses ferns conifers
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=lizard&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=5RihyYEjBqXCVM:&imgrefurl=http://desertlizardss.com/frill-neck-lizard/&docid=ma7nRyT9Xr0FqM&imgurl=http://desertlizardss.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Frill-Neck-Lizard.jpg&w=476&h=310&ei=iS6WT9S1K8jhrAeJgfnVDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=683&vpy=290&dur=917&hovh=181&hovw=278&tx=201&ty=108&sig=100878038853979992453&page=2&tbnh=120&tbnw=185&start=21&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:15,s:21,i:225http://www.google.com.my/imgres?q=snake&hl=en&gbv=2&biw=1366&bih=620&tbm=isch&tbnid=vZb_WTzfpdTaxM:&imgrefurl=http://anaconda-snake-wallpapers.blogspot.com/2010/12/different-family-type-of-snake.html&docid=z-ioh5kTi_10gM&imgurl=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_fnUPMaWgW1c/TQ3UosVw9uI/AAAAAAAAABg/nwQqcyofSxk/s1600/small%2Bsnake%2Bon%2Bthe%2Bwood%2Bwallpapers.jpg&w=1024&h=768&ei=oy2WT7r6O8PqrAeo0ajtDQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=120&vpy=76&dur=155&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=152&ty=108&sig=100878038853979992453&page=2&tbnh=136&tbnw=182&start=21&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:21,i:193


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Monocotyledons

-They produce seeds with one cotyledon or

seed leaf.

- their leaves have parallel veins

-they have fibrous roots

Their stems lack woody tissues. Most of them

are herbaceous plants.

Examples: maize, sugar cane, banana, paddy ,

lily, coconut and orchid plants


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DicotyledonsThey produce seeds with two cotyledons

Their leaves have a network of veins

They have tap roots, that is a main root with a

lot of smaller branching roots

The stems are usually hard and woody


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Non-flowering plants

Algae

Unicellular or multicellular organisms

Do not have true stems, leaves and roots

Live in water and moist placesFor examples: spirogyra, hydra


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Mosses- Simple plants with stems and small leaves

but no

roots

- Live on land in moist and shady places

- Green in colour

- Reproduce through spores growing in

capsules at the


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Conifers

- Have true roots, stems and needle-like

leaves

- Do not produce flowers but cones

- Reproduce through seeds in the cones

- For examples: pine tree


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chapter 3 form 2

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