chapter 2 notes. chapter 2, section 1- the water cycle 1. water covers about 70 percent of the...
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Chapter 2 Notes
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Chapter 2, Section 1- The water cycle
1. Water covers about 70 percent of the earth's surface.
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• 2. The earth's water is continually moving through the processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection. • Together these steps are known as
the water cycle.
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3. In order to survive, humans need freshwater. •Almost 98 percent of the water on
Earth is salt water found in the oceans.
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Chapter 2, Section 2- Climate
1. Climate is the usual pattern of weather in an area over a long period of time. • Weather- the unpredictable changes in the air that
take place over a short period of time.
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• 2. A combination of factors create climate. •Wind and ocean currents, the sun,
latitude, and elevation all contribute to climate.
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• 3. People's actions can also affect climate. • The burning of fossil fuels and the
destruction of the rain forests are human actions that are causing concern.
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Chapter 2, Section 3
1. Geographers divide the world into different climate zones. • These zones are based on latitude,
amount of precipitation, and elevation.
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• Each zone shares common characteristics and has particular kinds of vegetation.
• Vegetation- plants• The five major climate zones are tropical,
mid-latitude, high latitude, dry, and highland.
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Ch. 2, Section 4
1. A delicate balance exists among the earth's hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
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• Lithosphere- the earth’s crust• Atmosphere- the layer of air surrounding
the earth.• Biosphere- living things on the earth• Hydrosphere- water found on the earth
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2. The challenge is to use the earth's resources without harming ecosystems and the global environment.