chapter 18: the eastern mediterranean
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Chapter 18: The Eastern Mediterranean. 7 th Grade Social Studies. CHAPTER 18. The Eastern Mediterranean. Section 1: Physical Geography Section 2: Turkey Section 3: Israel and the Occupied Territories Section 4: Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan. Bosporus Sea of Marmara Jordan River - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 18: The Eastern Mediterranean
7th Grade Social Studies
CHAPTER 18
Section 1: Physical Geography
Section 2: Turkey
Section 3: Israel and the Occupied Territories
Section 4: Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan
The Eastern Mediterranean
Section 1: Physical Geography Bosporus Sea of Marmara Jordan River Dead Sea Taurus Mts. Serian Desert Negev Dardanelles Mesopotamia Pontic Mts.
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Main Ideas
The eastern Mediterranean region, where Europe, Asia, and Africa meet, is a geographical, economic, and cultural crossroads. The region has made many contributions to world civilization. It has also been the scene of many conflicts over the years.
Main Ideas
Judaism and Christianity began in the region. Both faiths have affected American culture, no matter what religion one might follow.
The U.S. has been a supporter of Israel since its creation. This policy has contributed to anti-American feelings and actions among some Arabs.
Vocabulary
phosphatesMineral salts containing the element phosphorus; used to make fertilizers
asphaltThe tarlike material used to pave streets
SECTION 1
Physical Geography
THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN
Physical Features Climate Types Resources
Balkan Peninsula, Dardanelles, Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Euphrates River, Jordan River, Dead Sea, Syrian Desert, Negev
Mediterranean, desert, humid subtropical
limited farmland and pastureland, sulfur, mercury, phosphates, asphalt
Main Ideas
Turkey lies on two continents. The most common climate of the region is dry. Areas with rain or irrigation are used for
commercial farming, drier areas are used for subsistence farming and herding. Mineral resources support mining.
Vocabulary
secularKept separate from religion, as in a secular government or state
Main Ideas How did Atatürk try to modernize Turkey? Atatürk modernized Turkey because he
banned the fez, introduced the Latin alphabet, the European calendar, the metric system, and increased women’s roles.
Olives, vegetable, cheese, yogurt, bread, and shish kebab are popular Turkish foods
Crossroads of Commerce (2:49)
SECTION 2
Turkey
Alexander the Great conquers
the area
Seljuk Turks invade
Ottoman Turks invade and
establish an empire
Kemal Atatürk gains power and
establishes modern Turkey
EVENTS AND ERAS IN TURKISH HISTORYEVENTS AND ERAS IN TURKISH HISTORY
Section 3: Israel and the Occupied Territories
Golan Heights
Gaza Strip
West Bank
Main Ideas
Technology has allowed Israel to increase its food production because of water for irrigation.
When it was created people moved to Israel from countries around the world which made it a culturally diverse region.
Vocabulary
DiasporaThe scattering of the Jewish population from Palestine under Roman rule
ZionismThe movement to establish a Jewish country or community in Palestine
(4:15)
Jerusalem
SECTION 3Israel and the Occupied Territories
Economyhigh-tech
equipment, cut diamonds,
tourism
Creation of Israel
formed in 1948
Diversity82 percent Jewish;
Palestinian Muslims and Christians
Governmentprime minister and parliament,
or Knesset
Foods and Festivals foods influenced by Jewish religious laws; Yom Kippur
and Passover important holidays
LanguagesHebrew, Arabic,
English, Russian, German, Hungarian,
Yiddish
ISRAEL
Main Ideas
Hafiz al-Assad ruled Syria from 1971 to 2001 and increased the size of the military.
Religious and political divisions between Christians and Muslims lead to conflict in Lebanon.
Jordan does not border the Mediterranean Sea.
Vocabulary
mandateFormer territories of defeated World War I countries that were placed under the control of winning countries after the war
Royal Tour of Jordan (38:21)
SECTION 4
Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan
JORDAN’S HISTORY
Event Summary Significance
borders established
Arab-Israeli wars
independence
war of 1948
monarchy established
rule of Hussein
Great Britain drew borders after WWI
foreign influence in creation of country
Abdullah named as monarch
full independence gained in 1940s
war with Israel
wars between Arab nations and Israel
King Hussein rules from 1952 to 1999
British ally named to rule country
independence from foreign rule
annexed Arab lands of the West Bank
Palestinian refugees immigrate to Jordan
considered one of the best rulers of region
Chapter Wrap-Up
1. People and customs from what three continents have influenced the eastern Mediterranean region?
2. What three major religions have holy sites in Jerusalem?
3. How has westernization changed Turkey’s government, economy, and culture?
4. What is the conflict over the Occupied Territories?
5. How do people in this area make their living from the land?
1. People and customs from what three continents have influenced the eastern Mediterranean region?
2. What three major religions have holy sites in Jerusalem?
3. How has westernization changed Turkey’s government, economy, and culture?
4. What is the conflict over the Occupied Territories?
5. How do people in this area make their living from the land?
CHAPTER 18
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