chapter 18 amines chem 2124 – general chemistry ii alfred state college professor bensley
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 18Amines
CHEM 2124 – General Chemistry II
Alfred State College
Professor Bensley
Learning Objectives Identify the characteristics of Amines Name Amines Give examples of common alkaloids Draw the products of acid-base reactions of
amines Identify and name ammonium salts Discuss the importance of amine chemistry in
the pharmaceutical and illicit drug businesses.
Amines
I. Structure and Bonding
A. IntroductionB. Classification
Amines
C. Shape, Bond Angles
D. Physical Properties1. Odor, Polarity, Hydrogen Bonding, Boiling and
Melting Points
Increasing boiling pointIncreasing boiling point
CH3CH2OCH2CH3
diethyl ether
bp = 38 oC
CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
1-butanamine
bp = 78 oC
Amines
Increasing boiling pointIncreasing boiling point
CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
1-butanamine
bp = 78 oC
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH1-butanol
bp = 117 oC
Increasing boiling pointIncreasing boiling point
Amines
AminesII. Nomenclature
A. Primary Amines
CH3NH2
methanamine
CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
1-butanamine
For the common name, name the alkyl groupbonded to the N atom with the suffix “-amine.”
CH3NH2 CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2Common Name:methylamine butylamine
SystematicName:
Amines B. Secondary and Tertiary Amines
1. When the substituents (alkyl groups) are identical:
2. When substituents (alkyl groups) not identical:
Example Name the following 2o amine:
CH3CHCH3
N H
CH3
N-methyl-2-propanamine
Amines
C. Aromatic Rings with N attached
•Reminder: An NH2 group is called an amino group when named as a substituent.
AminesIII. Interesting Amines (Alkaloids)
Amines
IV. Amines as Bases
Amines
base acidconjugate
acidconjugate
base
+ Cl -
Amines
• A water-insoluble amine is converted to a water-soluble ammonium salt by treatment with acid.
water-insolublewater-insoluble
Amines