chapter 17: renaissance and reformation
TRANSCRIPT
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European
Renaissance andReformation1300-1600SECTION 1 – Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance
SECTION – The Northern Renaissance
SECTION 3 – !"ther !ea#s the Refor$ation
SECTION % – The Refor$ation Contin"es
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Section 1 – Italy: Birthplace
of the Renaissance
• &'IN I(E'
• REVOLUTION The Italian Renaissance was a rebirth of
learning that produced many great works of art and
literature
• )*+ IT &'TTERS NO)
• Renaissance and literature still influence modern thoughtand modern art
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TERMS & NAMES
•Renaissance
• Humanism
• Secular
• Patron
• Perspective
• Vernacular
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In the e!innin!"
• Before we discuss the Renaissance which is a rebirth of
ancient !reco"Roman ideologies we must first review
!reece # Rome$
• Renaissance scholars looked down on the art and
literature of the %iddle &ges$ They looked to the glory
days back when Italy was on top$ They drew inspirationfrom the !reco"Roman ideologies studying art 'atin
manuscripts etc$
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Italy#s Ad$anta!es
• Renaissance: rebirth revival of art and learning$• In bringing back the past the people of the Renaissance
actually brought something new to the world$
• The importance of the individual and humanism were main
themes$
• (ventually the Renaissance would spread from northern
Italy to the rest of (urope$
• Italy had three advantages that made it the birthplace of the
Renaissance) thriving cities a wealthy merchant class and
the classical heritage of !reece and Roman$
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%ityStates & the Medici
• *verseas trade spurred by the +rusades had led to the grown
of large city"states in northern Italy$ ,orthern Italy was urban
while the rest of (urope was mostly rural$ +ities were placeswhere ideas were e-changed for obvious reasons and were
the ideal breeding ground for an intellectual revolution$
• %ilan and .lorence flourished during this time$ %erchants
were wealthiest and on top$ .lorence had a republican form of
government for many years /since the 0122s3 but during the
Renaissance the %edici .amily took over$ /They were
wealthy bankers and had branches throughout (urope$3 +heck
out 'oren4o and !iuliano5
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'ri!inal (hotoshop )*
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+hat is ,-MANISM.
• *"$anis$) an intellectual movement that focused onhuman potential and achievements$ Instead of trying to
make classical te-ts agree with +hristian teaching as
medieval scholars had humanists studied them to
understand ancient !reek values$
• Humanists influenced artists and architects to carry on
classical traditions$• +ommon sub6ects such as history literature and philosophy
became popular due to humanism$ That7s why these
sub6ects are called humanities.
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Rise of Secularism
• In the %iddle &ges people showed piety wore rough clothing and ate
plain foods$ However humanists suggested that a person could still
en6oy life without offending !od$ In Renaissance Italy the wealthyen6oyed material lu-uries good music and fine food$
• Renaissance individuals were mostly devout +atholics /*bviously5
+heck out the art53$ However the basic spirit of the Renaissance
society was sec"lar 8worldly rather than spiritual and concerned
with the here and now$• %any were patrons of the arts$
• %any wrote in everyday ,ernac"lar or common language insteadof 'atin$
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The RenaissanceRe$olutioni/es Art
• Too much to write5 Please listen as I describe some of the
most famous e-amples of Renaissance art$• 9ey word you will learn: erspecti,e$
• 9ey players: %ichelangelo Raphael 'eonardo
• (ach work of art will be accompanied by the !reco"
Roman sculptures and painting that inspired the artist$ I7d
like for you to compare and contrast the images in the
course of this discussion$
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David.
%ichelangelo
Buonarroti$ 0;20"
2< Belvedere
Torso.
&pollonios.
0st century
B+
Laocoön and his Sons. 1= B+8>? &@
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Machia$elli
• The Prince /0;0A3) %achiavelli e-amines the imperfect
conduct of human beings$ In The Prince %achiavellie-amines how a ruler can gain power and keep it in spite
of his enemies$ In answering this uestion he began with
the idea that most people are selfish fickle and corrupt$
•
To succeed in such a wicked world %achiavelli said a prince must be strong as a lion and shrewd as a fo-$ He
might have to trick his enemies and even his own people
for the good of the state$
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,ome0or
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