chapter 1.4
TRANSCRIPT
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
KEY CONCEPTTechnology continually changes the way biologists work.
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
Learning Objectives:
•To explain how imaging technologies are used in biology and the study of life
•To correctly label a microscope and explain the functions of its parts
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
Imaging technologies provide new views of life.
• A microscope provides an enlarged image of an object.
stoma
– light microscopes (LM)
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
stoma
– scanning electron microscopes (SEM)
Imaging technologies provide new views of life.
• A microscope provides an enlarged image of an object.
– light microscopes (LM)
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
– transmission electron microscopes (TEM)
stoma
– scanning electron microscopes (SEM)
Imaging technologies provide new views of life.
• A microscope provides an enlarged image of an object.
– light microscopes (LM)
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
• Imaging technology is used in medicine.
– X-ray images
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
– magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Imaging technology is used in medicine.
– X-ray images
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
– functional MRI (fMRI)
– magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Imaging technology is used in medicine.
– X-ray images
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
Imaging technologies provide new views of life.
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
A model:-simulates interactions among many different variables-provides scientists with a general idea of how a biological system works
Complex systems are modeled on computers.
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
Complex systems are modeled on computers.
• Computer models are used to study systems that cannot be studied directly.– heart attacks– effect of medicines on the
human body– movement of water molecules
into and out of a cell– spread of a disease through a
population• Computer models are used when
experiments are not safe, ethical, or practical.
Normal heartbeat
Heart attack
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
The tools of molecular genetics give rise to new biological studies.
• A gene is a segment of DNA that stores genetic information.
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
• Through our understanding of DNA, we can study genetics on a molecular level.
– molecular genetics– genomics
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1.4 Biologists’ Tools and Technology
The tools of molecular genetics give rise to new biological studies.
In genomics, computer
databases store
information and allow
scientists to search for
and retrieve the
information