chapter 13, section 1: pages 310-317 ancient greece
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 13, Section 1: Pages 310-317Ancient Greece
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The Greeks were the earliest people to use voting, over 2500 years ago.
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Greek City-States• Political units made up a city and it’s surrounding lands• In the middle of the city-state/fortress or hill called an acropolis (included
temples and other public buildings • City-states were surrounded by high walls• 2 city states:
Athens and Sparta• People considered themselvesMembers of their city-state, not Greeks
Athens V.S. Sparta (brains versus brawn)
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Athens V.S. Sparta
• Athens1. __________________2. __________________3. __________________4. __________________5. __________________6. __________________7. __________________
• Sparta1. __________________2. __________________3. __________________4. __________________5. __________________6. __________________7. __________________
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Greek Colonies
• Outposts of some city-states• Now modern cities; Naples, Italy and
Marseille, France• Traded goods and shared ideas
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The Golden Age of Greece (500-300BCE)
A period of great achievement in Greece.A time of great philosophers, writers, scientists and artists.
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Growth in Greek Power
• City-states banded together to fight off enemies of Greece.• Around 500 BCE, Persia (powerful empire in central Asia)
invaded Greece. • Persian army was huge and well trained.• Greeks, led by Athens, defeated Persian army.• 10 years later, Persia invaded again and was again defeated.
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Athenian Culture
• Pericles, an Athenian leader in the 400s BCE, encouraged creation of great works
• Ex: The Parthenon temple
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Athenian Democracy IN 6.2.2
• Leaders like Pericles were elected• Power was in the hands of the people• Ideas were presented to the assembly– A group of free men who took part in the decision
making.– Ideas were often argued and debated publicly.This was the world’s first democracy which all others were modeled.
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Architecture and Art
• Temples, buildings and sculptures done in marble
• Statues were created to look realistic and lifelike.
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Science, Philosophy, and Literature
• Scientists studied biology and medicine.• Greek scholars made great advancements in
math and astronomy.• Philosophers, or thinkers wanted to figure out
what made people happy-Socrates, Plato and Aristotle.• Greeks were writers of great stories, poems
and plays.
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Decline of the City-States
• War between rivals: Sparta and Athens-went on for years, Sparta won-destroyed several city-states in Greece-thousands of people killed-weakened Greek civilization-Allowed a foreign conqueror to invade and take over Greece. Alexander The Great
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Alexander’s Conquests
The Empire of Alexander• Conquered Greece in 330s BCE• From Macedonia• Unified Greece under a single ruler
for the first time.Spread of Greek Culture• Alexander would conquer lands and
encourage Greeks to move there• Built cities throughout his empire;
Alexandria• Greek culture spread and blended
with other cultures• Hellenistic-meaning “Greek-like”
• 336 BCE invaded and conquered all of Greece
• 334 BCE after conquering Greece, set out to create a huge empire
• Extended his empire to central Asia and Egypt
• 325 BCE died at the age of 33 of an illness