Chapter 11Chapter 11Lesson 1Lesson 1

““Distance and Displacement”Distance and Displacement”

Inquiry Activity – pg. 327Inquiry Activity – pg. 327

How does a ramp affect a rolling How does a ramp affect a rolling marble?marble?

I. Motion

A. Movement – change in positionA. Movement – change in position

B. How do you know something moves? B. How do you know something moves? Motion is a relative termMotion is a relative term

1. You can see it happening (observe)1. You can see it happening (observe)

2. Use a frame of reference2. Use a frame of reference

a. Sun, moon, starsa. Sun, moon, stars

b. People standing beside the roadb. People standing beside the road

c. Cars moving down the hi-wayc. Cars moving down the hi-way

d. Seasons – warmer and colder d. Seasons – warmer and colder tempstemps

II. Distance vs. II. Distance vs. DisplacementDisplacementA. Distance – length between two pointsA. Distance – length between two points

1. Use appropriate units…1. Use appropriate units…

a. Ex: Mississippi River a. Ex: Mississippi River

Appropriate – 3780 kmAppropriate – 3780 km

Inappropriate – 3,780,000,000,000 Inappropriate – 3,780,000,000,000 μμmm

B. Displacement – length between two points B. Displacement – length between two points and and the direction of motion the direction of motion (vector)(vector)

1. Ex: 5 miles north of Rock Rapids1. Ex: 5 miles north of Rock Rapids

2. Shortest length between points start and 2. Shortest length between points start and finishfinish

Similar to fig. 4 on page 331 in textbookSimilar to fig. 4 on page 331 in textbook

Chapter 11Chapter 11Lesson 2Lesson 2

SpeedSpeed

I. SpeedI. Speed

A. Def - How fast something moves A. Def - How fast something moves (rate of change)(rate of change)

B. Requirements for speedB. Requirements for speed

1. Distance traveled – 30 meters, 30 1. Distance traveled – 30 meters, 30 miles, 30 inches.miles, 30 inches.

2. Time – how long it took to move a 2. Time – how long it took to move a certain distance. – 3hrs, 3 min, 3 ms.certain distance. – 3hrs, 3 min, 3 ms.

C. Calculating speedC. Calculating speed

1. Formula = 1. Formula =

Speed = Speed = DistanceDistance V = V = SpeedSpeed

TimeTime D = D = DistanceDistance

T = TimeT = Time

D. 3 Types of SpeedD. 3 Types of Speed

1. Instantaneous speed = speed at one 1. Instantaneous speed = speed at one momentmoment

a. Ex: Pg. 334 – What is the a. Ex: Pg. 334 – What is the instantaneous instantaneous speed according to speed according to the speedometer?the speedometer?

35 mph35 mph

2. Constant Speed = speed that does 2. Constant Speed = speed that does not change over a period of time.not change over a period of time.

a. Ex: setting the a. Ex: setting the cruise on a car at cruise on a car at 55 mph.55 mph.

b. Ex: What is the b. Ex: What is the constant speed of constant speed of the car in the the car in the following graph?following graph?

Car Ride to School

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Time (Sec)

Spee

d (m

ph)

3. Average Speed 3. Average Speed a. Def – the total distance a. Def – the total distance

divided by the divided by the total time.total time.b. Ex: A deer walked 5 m in 10 b. Ex: A deer walked 5 m in 10

min, 8 m in 23 min, and 7 m in 7 min, 8 m in 23 min, and 7 m in 7 min. What was its average speed?min. What was its average speed?

5+8+7=20 meters5+8+7=20 meters 10 + 23 + 7 = 40 min10 + 23 + 7 = 40 min formula v = d/tformula v = d/t20 meters / 40 min20 meters / 40 min .5 meters / min.5 meters / min

E. Distance Time Graph E. Distance Time Graph

1. Def – seeing the motion of an object 1. Def – seeing the motion of an object over time.over time.

Water Aerobic Distance (meters)

0

200400

600800

10001200

1400

0 20 40 60 80

Time (min)

Dis

tan

ce

(m

)

Assignment 11.2 – Assignment 11.2 – separate sheet of paperseparate sheet of paper1. A car traveled 325 km in 4.5 hours. What 1. A car traveled 325 km in 4.5 hours. What

was its average speed in km/hr? What was was its average speed in km/hr? What was its average speed in m/s? its average speed in m/s?

2. A train speed along at 50 km/h for 8.25 2. A train speed along at 50 km/h for 8.25 hours. What was its distance in km? What hours. What was its distance in km? What was its distance in meters? What was its was its distance in meters? What was its distance in mm? distance in mm?

3. How many hours would it take for a car to 3. How many hours would it take for a car to travel 450 km at a rate of 35 km/hr? travel 450 km at a rate of 35 km/hr?

4. Read 11.3 “Acceleration”.4. Read 11.3 “Acceleration”.

72.2 km/hr72.2 km/hr 20 m/s20 m/s

412.5 km412.5 km412,5500m412,5500m

412,500,000 mm412,500,000 mm

12.9 hours12.9 hours

II. Speed vs. VelocityII. Speed vs. Velocity

A. Use same formulaA. Use same formula velocity = distance / timevelocity = distance / time

B. Uses different labelsB. Uses different labelsSpeedSpeed – how fast something moves – how fast something moves

1. Ex: a tornado is moving 15 1. Ex: a tornado is moving 15 mph.mph.VelocityVelocity – how fast something moves – how fast something moves in a certain in a certain directiondirection..

1. Ex: a tornado is moving 15 mph 1. Ex: a tornado is moving 15 mph to to the the northnorth..

C. ExamplesC. Examples1. 2 motorcycles traveling down the 1. 2 motorcycles traveling down the

interstate in opposite directions at 70 interstate in opposite directions at 70 mph? mph? Speed / Velocity?Speed / Velocity?

2. 2 bikers traveling 70 mph along a path in 2. 2 bikers traveling 70 mph along a path in the same northern direction?the same northern direction?

Speed / Velocity?Speed / Velocity?

3. 2 walkers walking down the road side by 3. 2 walkers walking down the road side by side at 5 mph? side at 5 mph?

Speed / Velocity?Speed / Velocity?

4. What is the velocity of an object that 4. What is the velocity of an object that travels 70 miles in 1.5 hours from Rock travels 70 miles in 1.5 hours from Rock Rapids towards Sioux City?Rapids towards Sioux City?

SpeedSpeed

VelocityVelocity

SpeedSpeed

46.7 mph South46.7 mph South

D. In class QuestionsD. In class Questions1. What is the velocity of an 1. What is the velocity of an airplane that is traveling from airplane that is traveling from Mexico to Canada. It traveled 1400 Mexico to Canada. It traveled 1400 miles in 4.5 hours?miles in 4.5 hours?

2. What is the velocity of a tornado 2. What is the velocity of a tornado that is traveling from Omaha to Des that is traveling from Omaha to Des Moines. It took 5.75 hours and Moines. It took 5.75 hours and traveled 200 miles?traveled 200 miles?

311 mph North311 mph North

34.8 mph East34.8 mph East

Chapter 11Chapter 11Lesson 3Lesson 3

AcceleratioAccelerationn

I. Acceleration (11.3)I. Acceleration (11.3)

A.A. Def – rate of changing velocityDef – rate of changing velocity

1. Ex: a dragster1. Ex: a dragster

idle idle green light green light leaps leaps forward forward faster faster faster faster drag drag chute chute slower slower slower slower stops. stops.

2. Change of Velocity2. Change of Velocity

a. Speed changesa. Speed changes

b. Direction changesb. Direction changes

B.B. FormulaFormula

1. Acceleration =1. Acceleration =

velocityvelocity(final)(final) – – velocityvelocity(initial)(initial)

timetime

2. *Always squared*2. *Always squared*

m/sm/s22, mph, mph22, km/hr, km/hr22… …

C.C. ExamplesExamples

1. A car’s velocity changes from 0 1. A car’s velocity changes from 0 m/s to 30 m/s 10 seconds later. m/s to 30 m/s 10 seconds later. Calculate the car’s average Calculate the car’s average acceleration.acceleration.

30 m/s - 0 m/s30 m/s - 0 m/s

10 sec 10 sec

3 m/s3 m/s22

D.D. In Class ProblemsIn Class Problems1. As a roller coaster starts down a 1. As a roller coaster starts down a hill, its speed is 10 m/s. 3 seconds hill, its speed is 10 m/s. 3 seconds later, its speed is 32 m/s at the later, its speed is 32 m/s at the bottom of the hill. What is the roller bottom of the hill. What is the roller coaster’s acceleration? coaster’s acceleration? 2. A bullet is fired from a gun. Its 2. A bullet is fired from a gun. Its final velocity is 750 m/s. It traveled final velocity is 750 m/s. It traveled this distance in 0.75 seconds. What this distance in 0.75 seconds. What is the bullets acceleration? is the bullets acceleration?