chapter 03 ecology ppt

7/25/2019 Chapter 03 Ecology ppt

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Levels Within Levels

An ecosystem is a collection of all the organisms that live in a particularplace, together with their nonliving, or physical, environment. Within an

ecosystem, there are several levels of organization. Your school and its

grounds are similar to an ecosystem.

Section 3-1

Interest Grabber


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1. What living things are found in and around your school

!. What nonliving things are found in your school

". #nto what large groups are the students in your school divided

$. #nto what smaller groups are these large groups divided

%. Are these groups ever divided into even smaller groups #f so, what are these groups

Section 3-1

Interest Grabber continued


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31 What Is Ecology?

A. #nteractions and #nterdependence

&. 'evels of (rganization

). *cological +ethods

1. (serving

!. *-perimenting

". +odeling

Section 3-1

Section Outline


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*cological +ethods

Chemical Testing

Sites

Computer/

Calculators

Written ecor!

"agni#ying Tools

"easuring Tools

$%servation E&periment "o!el 'uil!ing

ield site *-perimental plots,field sites, laoratory

+any sites for datacollecting

/apes, compass,Gloal 0ositioningSystem, thermometer,sensors

/apes, compass,Gloal 0ositioningSystem, thermometer,sensors

Aerial views, Gloal0ositioning System,weather alloons

&inoculars, microscope,telescope

&inoculars, microscope,telescope

Satellite images

otes, automated datastorage

otes, automated datastorage

Automated data storage

/est 2its /est 2its 'arge dataase,

multiple sensors

+athematical analysis

and graphics, statistics


and graphics, statistics


and graphics, statistics,

simulations

Section 3-1

Compare/Contrast Table


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Section 3-1

Figure 3-2 Ecological Levels oOrgani!ation


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(ass It )long

*nergy flows in one direction through an ecosystem, from the sun or inorganic

compounds to producers 3organisms that can ma2e their own food4 throughvarious levels to consumers 3organisms that rely on other organisms for food4.

Your ody gets the energy and materials it needs for growth and repair from

the foods you eat.

Section 3-*

Interest Grabber


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1. +a2e a list of five foods that you li2e to eat. #ndicate whether the food comes from a plant 3producer4 or ananimal 3consumer4.

!. 'i2e many irds, chic2ens eat grains, which are seeds. Where do seeds come from

". +eat comes from eef cattle. What do cattle eat

$. )onstruct a diagram showing how one of your favorite foods otains its energy. #nclude as many levels asyou can.

Section 3-*



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3* Energy +lo,

A. 0roducers

1. *nergy rom the Sun

!. 'ife Without 'ight

&. )onsumers

). eeding 5elationships

1. ood )hains

!. ood Wes

". /rophic 'evels

6. *cological 0yramids

1. *nergy 0yramid

!. &iomass 0yramid". 0yramid of umers

Section 3-*

Section Outline


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(yrami! o# um%ersShows the relativenumer of individualorganisms at eachtrophic level.

'iomass (yrami!

5epresents the amount ofliving organic matter at eachtrophic level. /ypically, thegreatest iomass is at thease of the pyramid.

Energy (yrami!Shows the relative amount ofenergy availale at each trophiclevel. (rganisms use aout 17percent of thisenergy forlife processes.

/he rest is lostas heat.

Section 3-*

Ecological "#ramids


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Section 3-*

Figure 3-$ % Food &eb


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It.s aining It.s (ouring

8ow many times have you had to change your plans ecause of rain #tproaly didn9t help if someone tried to cheer you up y saying, &ut we really

need the rain.;

8owever, rain is important. #f it didn9t rain, how would living things on land get

water

Section 3-3

Interest Grabber


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1. When rain falls on the ground, it either soa2s into the soil or runs acrossthe surface of the soil. When rainwater runs across the land, what odyof water might collect the rain

!. rom here, where might the water flow

". After the rain, the sun comes out and the land dries. Where does thewater that had een on the land go

$. )onstruct a diagram that would illustrate all the places a molecule ofwater might go. &egin with a raindrop and end with a cloud.

Section 3-3



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33 Cycles o# "atter

A. 5ecycling in the &iosphere

&. /he Water )ycle

). utrient )ycles

1. /he )aron )ycle

!. /he itrogen )ycle

". /he 0hosphorus )ycle

6. utrient 'imitation

Section 3-3

Section Outline


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)ondensation

Seepage

5unoff

0recipitation

/ranspiration*vaporation

5oot


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C$*in)tmosphere

C$*in $cean

Section 3-3

Figure 3-(3 T'e Carbon C#cle


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*in )tmosphere

03

$3-

an! $*-

Section 3-3

Figure 3-() T'e *itrogen C#cle


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+ideo

)lic2 the image to play the video segment.

)ycles in ature


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/he latest discoveries in preserving the environment

'in2s from the authors on e-ploring ecology from space

#nteractive test

or lin2s on energy pyramids, go to www.Sci'in2s.org and enter theWe )ode as follows: cn=!7"!.

or lin2s on cycles of matter, go to www.Sci'in2s.org and enter the We)ode as follows: cn=!7"".

Go Online
http://www.millerandlevine.com/issues/exploring-ecology/index.htmlhttp://www.phschool.com/quiz/biology_phb_quiz.html?chapter=3&questions=10http://www.phschool.com/quiz/biology_phb_quiz.html?chapter=3&questions=10http://www.millerandlevine.com/issues/exploring-ecology/index.html


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Interest Grabber %ns,ers

1. What living things are found in and around your school

'iving things in the school are students, teachers, principal, assistant principals, clerical staff, custodians, lunchroom staff. Students may also include animals in science las. 'iving thingsaround the school include grass, trees, shrus, insects, irds, and so on.

!. What nonliving things are found in your school

/he uilding, furniture, des2s, oo2s, papers, and so on

". #nto what large groups are the students in your school divided

>th, 17th, 11th, 1!th grades, or years

$. #nto what smaller groups are these large groups divided

)lasses

%. Are these groups ever divided into even smaller groups #f so, what are these groups

Students may say that science classes are divided into la groups? other classes may e divided into groups for pro@ects.


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1. +a2e a list of five foods that you li2e to eat. #ndicate whether the food comes from a plant 3producer4 or an animal 3consumer4.

Student lists will e individualized. (ne possile e-ample would e a hamurger, which comes from a cow or steer.

!. 'i2e many irds, chic2ens eat grains, which are seeds. Where do seeds come from

Seeds come from plants.

". +eat comes from eef cattle. What do cattle eat

)attle eat grass or grains.

$. )onstruct a diagram showing how one of your favorite foods otains its energy. #nclude as many levels as you can.

Student diagrams will e individualized ased on their food choice.


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1. When rain falls on the ground, it either soa2s into the soil or runs across the surface of the soil. When rainwater runs across the land, what ody of water might collect the rain

0ossile answers: a stream, river, pond, or la2e

!. rom here, where might the water flow

#nto a river, and eventually into the ocean

". After the rain, the sun comes out and the land dries. Where does the water that had een on the land go

#t evaporates and ecomes a gas in the atmosphere.

$. )onstruct a diagram that would illustrate all the places a molecule of water might go. &egin with a raindrop and end with a cloud.

Student diagrams may include the following: a raindrop B lawn B

a stream B river B large la2e B atmosphere B cloud.


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/his slide is intentionally lan2.

chapter 03 ecology ppt

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