chapter 010 respiratory

Chapter 10The respiratory system

Copyright © Elsevier Ltd 2005. All rights reserved.

Figure 10.1 The organs of respiration.


Figure 10.2 Structures forming the nasal septum.


Figure 10.3 Lateral wall of right nasal cavity.


Figure 10.4 The pathway of air from the nose to the larynx.


Figure 10.5 Cricoid cartilage.


Figure 10.6 Larynx – viewed from behind.


Figure 10.7 Larynx – viewed from the front.


Figure 10.8 Interior of the larynx viewed from above.


Figure 10.9 The extreme positions of the vocal cords.


Figure 10.10 The relationship of the trachea to the oesophagus.


Figure 10.11 The trachea and some of its associated structures.


Figure 10.12 Microscopic view of ciliated mucous membrane.


Figure 10.13 Lower respiratory tract.


Figure 10.14 Organs associated with the lungs.


Figure 10.15 The lobes of the lungs and vessels/airways of each hilum – medial views.


Figure 10.16 The relationship of the pleura to the lungs.


Figure 10.17 The flow of blood between heart and lungs.


Figure 10.18 The capillary network surrounding the alveoli.


Figure 10.19 The intercostal muscles and the bones of the thorax.


Figure 10.20 The diaphragm.


Figure 10.21 The changes in capacity of the thoracic cavity and the lungs during breathing.


Figure 10.22 Lung volumes and capacities: IRV = inspiratory reserve volume; IC = inspiratory capacity; FRC = functional residual capacity; ERV = expiratory reserve volume; RV = residual volume; VC = vital capacity.


Figure 10.23 External respiration: exchange of gases between alveolar air and capillary blood.


Figure 10.24 Internal respiration: exchange of gases between capillary blood and tissue cells.


Figure 10.25 Some of the nerves involved in control of respiration.


Figure 10.26 Emphysema.


Figure 10.27 Distribution of infected tissue in: A. Bronchopneumonia. B. Lobar pneumonia.


Figure 10.28 Collapse of a lung: A. Absorption collapse. B. Pressure collapse.


chapter 010 respiratory

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