Ch. 7 PPT Road to Revolution

Ch 7 Tmwk 1. Name 2 consequences of the Seven

Year’s War.

2. Doc Pg 126: What is the Stamp Act?

3. Doc Pg 128: How did colonists treat officials who were assigned to collect taxes?

4. Left Paragraph Pg 133: What did the Quebec Act do?

Consequences of Seven Years’ War• End of Seven Years’ War: France surrendered

land holdings to Britain.

• Britain became master of large domain in N. America. Spanish forced to western side of Miss R.

• Britain: large debt of £140 million – half the debt came from defending American colonies

• 1763 British govt. - wants colonists to pay for financial costs of the empire, thus began enacting laws to raise revenue in the colonies.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/NorthAmerica1762-83.png

Ch 7 Teamwork5. What natural rights did Locke speak of?

6. Write down 5 examples of democratic origins in the colonies. (ie Mayflower Compact – and you can’t use this one!)

7. Give 2 examples of Enlightenment ideas that shaped the rise of democratic ideals for the founding of the U.S.

Enlightenment Influences• Republicanism: All citizens should

willingly submit their private interests to the common good.

• “Radical Whigs”: Citizens on guard against corruption - things which would take away their hard-won liberties. (Feared corruption, lack of morality and tyranny!)

• Natural Rights: • Balance of Power: • Free Speech:• Social Contract• Founding FathersWarning of the dangers of

unrestrained government!

John Locke

Voltaire

Democratic Origins

Democratic Origins• Colonies founded by trading companies, religious people, and

land speculators• House of Burgesses: • Mayflower Compact: • Town Meetings: • Voting for governors: • Fundamental Orders: Connecticut• New England Confederation: • The Great Awakening: • Albany Congress - intercolonial congress: French/Indian War ***Salutary Neglect*** Stamp Act Congress: Local Committees of Correspondence: 1st Continental Congress: Enlightenment thinkers:

• Colonies founded by trading companies, religious people, and land speculators

• House of Burgesses P• Mayflower Compact D• Town Meetings P• Voting for governors P• Connecticut: Fundamental Orders D• New England Confederation U• The Great Awakening U• Albany Congress: intercolonial congress–7 delegates U***Salutary Neglect*** Stamp Act Congress ULocal Committees of Correspondence U/P1st Continental Congress U/PEnlightenment thinkers

Mercantilism: Wealth = Power

• Navigation Laws– Import raw materials from the colonies to Britain.

Then colonists purchase products from Britain.– Export more than they import.

• Balance of Trade

Molasses Act of 1733: 6 pence tax on foreign molasses (non-British colonies). Never effectively collected due to smuggling (fish and farm products to French islands but high tariff on import of French molasses)

Colonial Responsibilities to England1. Americans expected to keep

British navy supreme by supplying ships, ship stores, sailors, and trading

2. Colonists discouraged from buying anything but British goods

3. To continue growing cash crops (tobacco and sugar) so England wouldn’t have to import these products from foreigners

Acts of Parliament• Lord George Grenville: Chancellor of

Exchequer (treasury) and Prime Minister

• Proclamation of 1763: Prohibited settlement west of Appalachian Mts.

• Sugar Act 1764: 1st law passed that raised tax revenues in the colonies for the crown. Increased duty on foreign sugar imported from West Indies to raise revenue for Britain.

• Quartering Act 1765: Required colonies to provide food and quarters for British troops.

Sugar Act Quote• "it is expedient that new provisions and

regulations should be established for improving the revenue of this Kingdom ... and ... it is just and necessary that a revenue should be raised ... for defraying the expenses of defending, protecting, and securing the same."

Acts of Parliament (cont)• Stamp Act 1765: Stamped paper certifies payment of

tax on certain commercial and legal documents.• 1765 Stamp Act Congress: Met to discuss Stamp Act

– Non-importation agreements against British goods– Sons and Daughters of Liberty (Protest): Harassed

officials and those who didn’t comply with non-importation agreements.

• Declaratory Act of 1766: Parliament declared right to make laws for the colonies in all cases.

• 1767 Townshend Acts: Import duty on glass, lead, paper, paint, tea.

• Repeal of Townshend —Lord Frederick North persuaded Parliament to repeal Townshend duties, except on TEA.

Conflict in Boston• Mar 5, 1770 Boston Massacre:

60 townspeople taunting 10 redcoats. Redcoats fired - killed 5, wounded 6 people.

-3 year period of trouble• Monopoly on tea given to the

British East India Company: Colonists forced to pay tea tax.

• Boston Tea Party: Dec 16, 1773: Dressed as Indians & dumped tea into Boston Harbor

“Intolerable Acts” (Coercive Acts)• Response to Boston Tea Party Parliament

passed:1. Restrictions on town meetings2. Boston Port Act: Closed port until damages paid3. New Quartering Act: Local authorities power to

house soldiers anywhere4. Quebec Act 1774: 60,000 French subjects in Canada

- free practice of Catholicism and expansion of territory.

Colonists called these the Intolerable Acts!

Colonial Resistance to “Intolerable” Acts• Non-importation agreements: boycott purchase of

British goods• Smuggling• Samuel Adams 1772: Establishment of local

committees of correspondence - exchanged ideas and information. Rallied for opposition on common causes and established plans for collective action. Later inter-colonial committees were started. Greatly helped unite their actions.

• Protests • Harass govt officials and Redcoats• 1774: First Continental Congress called

Unification: First Continental Congress 1774

– 12 of 13 Colonies met (not GA) in response to Intolerable Acts

– Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry, John Adams, George Washington

– Made a list of rights & grievances– Drafted document: Declaration of

Colonial Rights– The Association: complete

boycott of British goods– Congress ignored by Parliament– Decision to meet at the 2nd

Continental Congress in 1775

Declaration of Colonial Rights• Document: colonists listed rights that were

being denied them as Englishmen.

• Colonists cite their opposition to Stamp, Townshend & Coercive Acts

CH 7 TMWK9. Cartoon Pg 149: What is the political cartoon

depicting?10. Which side is the cartoonist on and why?11. Picture Pg 154: What important role did

Benjamin Franklin play in the American Revolution?

12. Picture Pg 157: Name one example how Native Americans aided the British during the war?

Red Coats vs. Patriots• British Strengths

– Navy– Population– Professional Army of

50,000– $$$ – Mercenaries (Hessians)– Loyalists

• British Weaknesses– Split Forces– Had to Win– Distance

• Colonial Strengths– Leadership– Defense– Revolutionary Zeal– Help by France,

Spain, Holland– Knew the terrain

• Colonial Weaknesses– Poorly Organized– Inflation– Deserters– Supplies