Ch 3 The Skeletal System

Overview Bones> oss/e, oss/I, oste/o, ost/o: Act as the framework for the

body, protect the internal organs, and store the mineral calcium.

Bone Marrow> myel/o: Forms some blood cells.

Cartilage> chondr/o: Creates a smooth surface for motion within the joints and protects the ends of the bones.

Joints> arthr/o: Work with the muscles to make a variety of motions possible.

Tissues of a Bone: Periosteum: The tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outermost

covering of the bone.

Compact Bone: The hard, dense, and very strong bone that forms the outer layer of the bones.

Spongy Bones: Lighter and not as strong as compact bone, it is commonly found in the ends and inner portions of long bones such as the femur. Red bone marrow is located within this spongy bone.

Medullary Cavity: Located in the shaft of a long bone. It is lined with endosteum and contains yellow bone marrow.

Review of Skull Bones

Ch 3 Terms arthr/o> body joint

chondro/o> cartilage

cost/o> rib

crani/o> skull

kypho/o> bent, hump

lord/o> curve, swayback, bent

myel/o> muscle

oss/e, oss/I, ost/o, oste/o> bone

-desis surgical fixation of bone or joint, to bind, tie together

–lysis breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening

Words

Arthrosclerosis> stiffness of the joints, especially in the elderly

Osteochondroma> the most common benign bone tumor

Costals> 12 pairs of ribs

Cranium> the portion of the skull that encloses the brain

Kyphosis> abnormal curvature of the spine AKA: humpback

Lordosis> abnormal curvature of the spine AKA: swayback

Myeloma> malignant tumor

Osteoarthritis> a form of arthritis commonly associated with aging AKA: wear and tear arthritis

Arthrodesis> surgical stiffening of a joint or joining of spinal vertebrae AKA: fusion

Arthrolysis> surgical loosening of a joint