Ch 16-Your Body Systems

What Do I Expect

• Explain the functions of the skeletal systems

• Identify four types of joints

• List some problem of the skeletal system

• Identify healthful behaviors to keep your skeletal system healthy

Skeletal System• A body system made up of

bones, joints, and connective tissue

• The skeletal system is the framework(shapes and supports) for your body. The skeletal system works with the muscular system. This allows you to walk, run, jump, bend, lift, and carry.

What Else Does It Do??

Skeletal system also provides protection for our internal organs.

Name two bones that you can think of that provides protection.

More Functions…

• There are 206 bones that make up the skeleton of your body.

• Each bones is a living structure that function as storage centers for minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus.

Back to the Bones• Bones also produce the

body’s blood cells. • Red bone marrow

makes millions of blood cells each day.

• Marrow is a soft tissue in the center of some bones.

Phosphorus• Phosphorus is an element essential to

metabolize protein, calcium, and glucose (sugar). It is needed for bone and tooth formation (85% of phosphorus is found in the skeletal system), cell growth, heart muscle contraction, and kidney function (waste filtration).

Study Those Bones

Human Joints

• Hinge- movement in one direction

• Gliding-bones slide over one another

• Pivot-allow movement with limited rotation

• Ball and socket-bones are able to move in all direction.

Connective Tissues• Cartilage- strong, flexible, gel like tissue

that cushions your bones. Cartilage reduces friction during movement. Where else is there cartilage?

• Tendons-tough bands of tissues that attach your muscles to bones.

• Ligaments-cordlike tissues that connect the bones in each joint.

The cartilage is grown in a gel medium

The new cartilage has been put in the defective sight.

Tendon is being repaired

Tendons attach muscles to bones

Ligaments attach bone to bone

Anywhere there are human joints there are ligaments and tendons.

Problems of the Skeletal System

• Our body is strong and durable, but can develop problems because….

• Fracture is….

Evaluate..what kind are are these?

Dislocation occurs when a bone is pushed out of it’s joint, usually stretching or

tearing a ligament.

Sprain-occurs when the ligaments in a join are stretched or twisted and causes

swelling.

PRICE

• What is PRICE?

• Protect the wound from further injury

• Rest-stay off of it

• Ice the whole area

• Compression-keep it bandaged

• Elevation-keep it above your heart

Overuse Injuries

• Very common in athletes and in teens.• Shin splint are common among runners and

aggressive walkers. • Shin Splints’ is a term often used to describe

exercise -induced stress reactions upon structures in the lower leg. These structures include bone, muscle, tendon and connective tissue. Shin splints are generally associated with over-use.of your anterior tibialis.

Scoliosisis a curvature of the spine to one side. It appears to havea slight S or C curve. It can cause back pain and difficultyBreathing. The cause is not known in most cases.

Osteoporosis• Condition characterized by brittle and

porous bones. It develops because of long term deficiencies of calcium, vitamins, and lack of exercise.

So… how can I help??

• Eat right, and exercise.

• Make sure and take time to heal before you go back to your sport. (PRICE)

• Use protective gear when playin sports, riding your bike, or skating.

Short Answer

• Jan understands the importance of eating foods rich in calcium. She is allergic to milk, however. What suggestions can you make that might help Jan??

• Name two ways to protect your bones from injury while playing a sport.

Lesson 1 Review

• What are joints?

• Name 4 types of joints.

• List three functions of the skeletal system.

• What are two problems of the skeletal system?

VOCAB STUDY