synovial joints what are they?!. skeletal system
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SYNOVIAL JOINTSWhat are they?!
![Page 2: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Skeletal System
![Page 3: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Features of a synovial joint include:
Articular capsule joint capsule; the saclike envelope enclosing the cavity of a synovial joint.
Articular cartilage reduce friction and absorb shock.
Synovial membrane the inner layer of the capsule which secretes synovial fluid
Synovial fluid a lubricating liquid Bursae a small fluid-filled sac situated in places in
tissues where friction would otherwise occur. Meniscus A disk of cartilage that acts as a cushion
between the ends of bones in a joint.
Skeletal System
![Page 5: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The 6 types of synovial joint are:
Ball and socket Hinge Pivot Gliding Condyloid (ellisoid) Saddle
synovial joint types
Skeletal System
![Page 6: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Hinge Joint
This allows movement in one plane only : UNIAXIAL
Examples:
Knee Joint - used extensively in sport.
Arm Joint
![Page 7: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Pivot Joint
This allows rotation only and is therefore also uniaxial.
Examples:
Axis and atlas bones of cervical vertebrae
![Page 8: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Ellipsoid Joint
This is biaxial, allowing movement in two planes
Examples:
Radio-carpal joint of the wrist
![Page 9: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Gliding Joint
This is when two flat surfaces glide over one another and can permit movement in most directions, although mainly biaxial.
Examples:
Carpel Bones in the Wrist
![Page 10: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Saddle Joint
This is when a concave surface meets a convex surface and is biaxial.
Examples:
Carpal-metacarpal joint of the thumb.
![Page 11: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Ball and Socket JointThis allows a wide range of movement and occurs when a round head of bone fits into a cup-shaped depression.
Examples:
Shoulder joint
![Page 12: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
What holds our bones at a joint?• LIGAMENTS!
• These are bands of c……………. t…………. between bones. They prevent extreme movement and d………………….
• They are very tough and help join bones together and keep them stable.
• Some form the s…………… c…………… while others are outside the capsule.
![Page 13: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Why don’t our bones bang together?!
• CARTLIAGE!• This is soft connective tissue.• Cartilage has no b………… supply but receives nutrition
through diffusion from the surrounding c……………… network.
• There are three types of cartliage..• Yellow, hyaline/blue articular and white fibro
![Page 14: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Articulating bones• These are the bones present at a synovial joint that allow
the m………………… to take place. • An example in the shoulder joint would be…
• Which is what type of joint?
![Page 15: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
How does a healthy lifestyle effect a performers joints?
• How does a HAL benefit joints?
• Short and long term benefits• Movement = secretion of s……………… fluid which
increases the r…… of movement at a joint• Long term increase in flexibility• Increase bone st............... and c……………. and
phosphate• Thicker h…………….. cartilage• Greater stretch potential of ligaments
![Page 16: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
PRACTICAL EXAMPLES• Think of a practical example for each of the Synovial
Joints.
• Hinge Sprinting• Pivot Turning head in Hockey • Ellipsoid Forehand clear in Badminton• Gliding Dribbling the ball in Hockey• Saddle Gripping tennis racket with thumb• Ball + Socket Athlete throwing a Javelin
![Page 17: SYNOVIAL JOINTS What are they?!. Skeletal System](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649d135503460f949e72e0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Table teasers..• In your tables, come up with a multiple choice question
about something that you have learnt today or during the past couple of lessons.
• You will then choose a table to question and see if they can get the correct answer.