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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
Exploration of Pedestrian Gap Acceptance at Two-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections using
Simulation
Yue ZhaoGraduate Research Assistant
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and Research
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering
University of Nevada, Reno
Email: [email protected]
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
Outline
Background
Simulation Model
Data Analysis
Conclusions
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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Background
TWSC intersection: high degree of discretion to individual drivers and pedestrians in how they react to conflict traffic streams.
Pedestrian behavior plays an important role in analyzing the operations of two-way stop-controlled intersections: pedestrian blockage.
• Major-street vehicles: stop
• Minor-street vehicles: lose the opportunity to seek gaps
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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Background
Pedestrian gap acceptance: time between the head of consecutive vehicle
Arrive-Wait-Service-Depart
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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Background
Methodology
• Simulation models: Vissim and Corsim micro-simulation environment.
Objectives:
• Analyzing and comparing diverse pedestrian gap acceptance behaviors at TWSC locations.
• Measure the acceptable gap and rejected gap thresholds.
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
381ft
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Model Construction
Data Collection• Typical TWSC intersection; Traffic and pedestrian volumes on each
approach during peak hour(4-5pm) were counted manually.
4:00-5:00 pm W 1ST STREET & Ralston Street
Traffic VolumeNBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR
56 23 44 78 59 12 93 120 77 112 99 43
PedestrianMA-WB MA-SB MI-NB MI-SB
18 8 12 22
4:00-5:00 pm W 1ST STREET & Bell Street
Traffic VolumeNBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR
22 23 32 56 22 66 78 106 34 120 145 98
PedestrianMA-WB MA-SB MI-NB MI-SB
15 21 6 5
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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Model Construction
Model Coding
• VISSIM: defines pedestrians as vehicles to extract gap acceptance etc. data.
• CORSIM(NETSIM & FRESIM): light, moderate, and heavy pedestrians.
Vehicle and pedestrian demands;
Basic geometric properties of the study intersections;
Pedestrian behavior attributes.
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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Model Construction
Model Calibration• Pedestrian and vehicle flows, speeds, travel time reflect those observed
data in the field.
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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Analysis
Delay Analysis• Pedestrian delay: relatively small
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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Accepted and Rejected Gap
Accepted gap: [4, 12]Rejected gap: [0, 5.5]Approximately 2 seconds overlap: [3, 5]
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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Analysis
Accepted Gap and Rejected Gap• Near-side and far-side accepted and rejected gap.
• Shorter far-side gaps are accepted in both models.• Near-gap and far-gap are recorded simultaneously when pedestrians
make the decision to cross.
• Potential dangerous behavior: some pedestrians pay little attention to the far-side incoming vehicles.
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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Analysis
Traffic and Pedestrian Volume
• Conflicting traffic volume increases larger gaps accepted.
• Pedestrian volume increases shorter gaps accepted.
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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Conclusions
Pedestrians are in the similar circumstances with vehicles on minor-street.
Pedestrian gap acceptance is from 4 to 12 seconds, and rejected gaps are around 0 to 5.5 seconds.
• Shorter far-side gaps are accepted.
• 2 seconds overlap between accepted and rejected gaps.
VISSIM provides more detailed coding platform and information.
Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Student PaperYue Zhao
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THANKS FOR YOUR TIME