cells structure, function and organization one-celled organism amoeba proteus human red blood cell...
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Cells
Structure, Function and Organization
one-celled organism amoeba proteus
human red blood cell plant cell from the leaf of a poplar tree
single-celled bacteria of the type: E. coli
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
• The levels of organization in complex organisms, including most plants and animals, consist of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
Organization of living organisms
• Cell • tissue
• organ
• system
What is a Cell?
• Cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
Function• In complex
organism you can find different kinds of cells.
• Each cell or group of cells has a specific job.
Organization of living organisms
• Cell • tissue
• organ
• system
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Tissue• A group of similar cells that perform the
same function.
• The animal body has 4 types of tissue:– Muscle– Nerve– Connective– Epithelial
Muscle tissue
• It is a contractile tissue of the body.
Contraction of the muscle tissue functions to make parts of the body to move.
• The 3 types of muscle tissue are cardiac, smooth, and skeletal
Nerve tissue
• Directs and control the body.• Carries messages back and
forth.• Tissue is specialized to
react to stimuli and to conduct impulses to various organs in the body which bring about a response to the stimulus.
• Nerve tissue (as in the
brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that branch throughout the body) are all made up of specialized nerve cells called neurons
Connective tissue
• Provide a framework, protects tissues and organs, connects all the parts of the body and support its structure.
• Specialized forms of connective tissue.– Cartilage and bone;
protect internal structures and give support to the body
– Fat; insulation
Epithelial tissue
• Membranous tissue covering internal organs and external surfaces of the body.
• Functions:– Protects
internal/external structures
– Absorb or release substances
Organization of living organisms
• Cell • tissue
• organ
• system
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Organization of living organisms
• Cell • tissue
• organ
• system
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Organ system bp
• Consist of organs that interact physically, chemically, or both to perform a common function.
• Functions– maintain stable internal
conditions. – acquire nutrients and raw
materials– dispose of wastes– protect the body against
injury and attack– allow reproduction and
nourishment of young.
Organ System
• We are going to learn about eleven organ systems that contribute to the survival of the living cells of the vertebrate body:
• Integumentary• Muscular • Skeletal • Nervous • Endocrine • Circulatory • Lymphatic • Respiratory • Digestive• Urinary • Reproductive
HOMEOSTASIS
• The organ systems in an organism work together to maintain homeostasis- the process by which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external environment.
• Three examples of homeostasis are:
• Water Balance
• Maintaining Temperature
• Responding to Stimuli