cell theory and organelles theory...all cellular organisms carry out the following functions of...
TRANSCRIPT
Cell Theory and Organelles
As I am presenting, please complete the organelle identification worksheet
The 3 parts of the cell theory- all organisms are composed of one or more cells - cells are the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms - all cells come from preexisting cells
All cellular organisms carry out the following functions of life: Metabolism: chemical reactions that release energy for cellular use
Reproduction
Homeostasis: maintain stable internal conditions
Growth
Response to the environment
Excretion: removal of waste
Nutrition: obtaining food needed for energy and growth
Cells vary in many ways within and between organisms, but some things are common to all cells...
- they are surrounded by a membrane- they contain genetic material (DNA)- they contain enzymes that help chemical reactions in a cell- they have an energy-release system (metabolism)
Types of cells
CellsInside eukaryotic cell
- each cells are composed of smaller components called organelles - organelles work together to carry out life functions- each organelle has specific functions
Difference between animal cells and plant cells
Cell membrane- boundary of the cell- made of phospholipid bilayer- controls movement of material in and out of the cell
Cell WallIn plant cells only!
● rigid layer inside the cell membrane that acts as structural support ● made of cellulose
Cytoplasm - mainly composed of water, salts
and proteins - keeps all organelles suspended
Nucleus- control center of the cell- contains DNA- surrounded by membrane- usually one per cell
Ribosomes - make proteins - found attached to rough ER or
floating free in cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum- connected to nuclear membrane- highway of the cell, because it
transports materials within the cell- connect different parts of the cell- the outer surface is either smooth
or rough (ribosomes on it make it rough)
- Smooth ER: Creates and transports fats
- Rough ER: Folds and transports proteins
Golgi Apparatus- cells packaging center - stores modifies and packages
proteins in bubble tight boxes where they are transported outside the cells
Vesicle- membrane-covered sacs that transport materials inside the cell and in/out of
the cell
Mitochondria - powerhouse of the cell- cellular respiration occurs here
to release energy for the cell to use
- highly folder membranes inside it
Lysosomes - garbage disposal of the cell- contain digestive enzymes that
break down wastes
VacuoleFluid-filled sacs that store food, water, and waste
● In animals-- several small vacuoles● In plants-- one or two large vacuoles
Chloroplast- only found in plant cells - contain green pigment
chlorophyll- site of food production- allow for photosynthesis to take
place
https://vimeo.com/7746357
ReviewWhich organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Which organelle is known as the packaging center of the cell?
DNA is found in which part of the cell?