cbis
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Computer-Based Information
System ( CBIS )
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Why ?Advancement in the principles and functional areas of business
Increasing sophistication and speed of response through strategic planning and balanced control for managerial decision-making
A constant demand for information which should be provided to the right person at the right time and in right quantity
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Computer-Based Information System (CBIS)
System AnalystDatabase Administrator
Network SpecialistProgrammers
Information Management
Management ofResources
Information
PersonnelMachinesMaterials
Money
Physical Resources Conceptual Resources
requires Information Specialist
• Acquiring information• Processing information in efficient manner• Discarding information with relevant and recent information
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What are mangers concerned about ?
Global economic influenceWorldwide competitive environmentIncreasing complexity of technologyRevised focus on DSSChanging nature of OASApplication of artificial intelligenceShrinking time framesSocial constraints
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Model of a Computer-based Information System
Accounting information system
Management information system
Decision-support system
The virtual office
Knowledge-based system
Computer-based information system ( CBIS )Problem
Information Decision
Problemsolution
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Circular CBIS Life Cycle
1. Planning phase
2. Analysis phase
3. Design phase
4. Implementation phase
5. Use phase
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Evolution of ITRobert L. Nolan presents a framework on evolution of IT• Data processing era• Information Technology era• Network era
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Evolution of IT
Data Processing era
Net working era
Informationtechnology era
1960 1980 1995 2010
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Evolution of ITOrganisations were functional hierarchies
Work methods and procedures were well defined
TPSs were given preferences for better allocation and control of resources
Between 1960-1980
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Evolution of ITRefocused the use of IT on knowledge-workers
MIS with ITOAS, micro computing, CAD, CAM, robotics emerged
Between 1980-1995
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Evolution of ITIT combined with network to leverage business results
A particular system of IT sometimes found inadequate
IT combined with new organisational form will bring about dramatic change and productivity improvements
Between 1995-2010
Nolan predicted that IT combined with network would help Organisation to create 10-fold productivity
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Organisational changed process with IT
Phase I
Investment /Project
Management
Phase III
ManagementControl
Phase IV
Wide spreadTechnology
transfer
Phase II
TechnologyLearning andAdaptation
Implementing the technology
Trying the Technology
Managing the technology
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How does IT help ?IndividualFunctional unit
Organisation as a whole
Improving efficiency
Improving effectiveness
Facilitating transformation
Impact on: through:
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What is efficiency ?
It can be defined as ‘doing things right’.
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What is effectiveness ?
It can be defined as ‘doing the right things’ or doing the things that
need to be done to achieve the desired
result
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Transformation
Change in the way of doing business
Change in the nature of the product and / or service
An entire transformation in the operation of a functional unit or organisation as a whole
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Effect of IT on Individual, functional unit and organisation
Individual Functional unit
Organisation
Efficiency Task mechanisation
Process automation
Boundary extension
Effectiveness
Work improvement
Functional enhancement
Service enhancement
Trasformation
Role expansion
Functional redefinition
Product innovation
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Effect of IT on Individual, functional unit and organisation
Individual Functional unit Organisation
Efficiency Task mechanisation word processingSpreadsheet for budget
Process automationAutomated word processing and inventory control
Boundary extensionOn-line order entry linking customers and suppliers
Effectiveness
Work improvementUsing prospective database to generate sales letters
Functional EnhancementComputer aided designComputer aided management
Service enhancementHotels can introduce video-conferencing
Trasformation
Role expansionUsing laptop to do ‘what … if’ questions
Functional RedefinitionBook with CD-ROM by publishing company
Product innovationTo go for diversification and open-up new business opportunities
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Problem solving through IT
External environment
Internal environment
Present State
Desired State
System
action