ENGLISH GRAMMAR

CAUSATIVE

VERBS

INTRODUCTION

Those verbs where we cause some one to do a work/where the work is done indirectly.

Sequence of Causative Verbs

1. MAKE 2. GET 3. HAVE/ HAS 4. CAUSE

5. LET 6. HELP

NOTE: In causative sentences, we have got two persons involved in the work. One is the subject (the one who gets the work done). Second is agent (the doer of the work).All causative verbs can also be used without mentioning agent. (causative verbs cab be used in the whole twelve tenses).

EXAMPLE

With Agent Without AgentI make Nazeer read a book.I get Nazeer to read a book.I have Nazeer read a book.Poverty caused him to steal money.You let me join your party.I helped her to pack the luggage.

I make a book read.I get a book read.I have a book read.The deadly diseased caused his body to bleed.He will let the car cool.

MAKEIt is used when we force some one to do

work.

Usage of Make with agent

FORMULA:Sub+(H.verbs)+c.v+agent+1s-v+obj+. She makes her servant wash the car. I made the gardener water the plants. Commander will make the soldiers attack enemies. We had made her wash clothes.

Usage of Make without agent

FORMULA:Sub+(H.verbs)+c.v+obj+1st-v+. She makes the car wash. I made the plants water. Commander will make the enemies attack. We had made her console.

GETIt is used when we persuade some one to

do work.

Usage of Get with agentFORMULA:Sub+(H.verbs)+c.v+agent+to+1sv+obj+. I get my brother to wash the car. He gets his sister to bake the bread. Nazeer will get Iqra to obey the elders. She was getting me to close the window.

Usage of Get without agent

FORMULA:Sub+(H.verbs)+c.v+obj+3rd-v+. I get the car washed. He gets the bread baked. Nazeer will get plants watered. She was getting the window

closed.

HAVE/ HASThese are used when we ask some one to

do work.

Usage of Have/Has with agent

FORMULA:Sub+(H.verbs)+c.v+agent+1sv+obj+. I have my friend wash the car. They had us clean the room. Arian will be having him cook food. I had had Rehana speak English.

Usage of Have/Has without agent

FORMULA:Sub+(H.verbs)+c.v+obj+3rd-v+. I have the car washed. They had the room cleaned. Arian will be having him defamed. I had had the Nation served.

Remaining Causative Verbs

CAUSE, HELP, LET

CAUSE

The causative verb cause means to make something happen.FORMULA:Sub+(H.verbs)+cause+someone/something+to+obj+. Bad weather caused me to vomit. The diseases caused his face to swell. The investigation caused Izhar to speak the truth.

It is used when a person assists another person to do something.FORMULA:Sub+help+someone+1-stv/to+1stv+obj+. They helped me to find the job. Nazeer will help Imran write English.

It is generally used when a person gives permission for another person to do something.FORMULA:Sub+let+someone/something+1stv+obj+. You let Nazeer borrow your pen. Robert will let the car cool.

HELP LET

PARACTISE

EXERCISE NO. 1

Fill in the blanks:1. He makes house ________.

(cleaned, to clean, clean)2. They made us ________ a letter. (to write, write)3. I shall be getting you ________ plants. (water, watered, to water)4. We had them ________. (kill, killed, to kill)5. She will have been getting you________ the room. (paint, to paint)

EXERCISE NO. 2Use causative verbs and make sentences from the given situations:

1. I/hair/cut. ___________________________.

2. She/clothes/washed. ___________________________.

3. They/Nazeer/read/book. ___________________________.

4. We/them/play/football. ___________________________.

5. He/room/paint. ___________________________.

EXCELLENT JOB! BY: NAZEER ARIAN